新华社沈阳７月２５日电 在幅员辽阔的东北大地上，星罗棋布地坐落着各种各样的工业和科技园区，这些由产业集群形成的工业“航母”，正在老基地转型升级中扮演重要角色。黑土地上传统的工厂散落、烟囱遍布的工业旧貌，正逐步转变为区域集中、链条完整的产业新颜。

    The xinhua news agency on July 25 in shenyang, northeast of the vast land，Dotted ground is located a variety of industry and technology park，These by industrial clusters of industry“Aircraft carrier”，Is the transformation and upgrading of old base to play an important role。In traditional factory of land scattered、The chimney of this industry all over，Is gradually into regional concentration、Complete chain of new industry。

    “从全区９０％以上企业停产、半停产，１３万产业工人下岗失业、社会保障缺失，到如今５０６户规模以上企业竞相发展，跃居东北第一经济强区，这与我们发挥已有产业优势、大力打造先进装备制造业聚集区的发展方式密不可分。”在有着“东方鲁尔”之称的沈阳市铁西区，发展改革局局长李志英对产业集群情有独钟。近年来，沈阳市对铁西老工业区进行系统性、整体性改造，规划专门园区承接不同门类企业聚集，成功闯出了一条老工业区振兴之路。

    “From the above 90% production enterprise、BanTingChan，130000 laid-off workers、Lack of social security，To now 506 homes over the scale enterprise scrambling to development，Northeast first place strong economic area，This and we play for industrial advantage、To make the development of advanced equipment manufacturing areas way are inseparable。”There is“Oriental ruhr”Said the TieXiOu shenyang，Development and reform bureau chief for LiZhiYing industrial cluster has a special liking。In recent years，Shenyang old industrial zone of TieXi systematic、Integrity transformation，Planning special zone to undertake different sorts enterprise gathered themselves together，Successful rushes out a road of the revitalization of old industrial zone。

    １０年间，６１户国有企业进行重组改制、重新布局组合，累计引进了１８０３个工业项目，一批公共研发平台、产权交易平台建立完善，生产性服务业迅速壮大。良好的产业聚集效应，让以装备制造业为主的铁西区在逆势中高位增长，今年前６个月生产总值增长１０．６％，规模以上工业总产值增长１６．３％，展示了强大的抗风浪能力。

    10 years，61 families restructure state-owned enterprise restructuring、Reconfigure combination，In 1803 a total industrial projects，A group of public research and development platform、Property right transaction platform to establish a perfect，The rapid growth of producer services。Good industrial cluster effect，Let the equipment manufacturing industry in the TieXiOu mainly in high position against the growth，In the first six months of this year, GDP growth of 10.6%，Industrial output value over the scale growth of 16.3%，Show the resistance of the powerful waves ability。

    铁西区作为东北工业的龙头，其做强产业聚集的模式正在更多地区推广。内蒙古东部五盟市近年来重点建设了２３个产业集群，今年一季度这２３个园区销售收入３７７．８亿元，增幅超１０％。通辽市开鲁工业园区主任于会力告诉记者，园区启动三年来，已形成风电装备制造、玉米深加工和医药化工等六大产业集群，仅去年销售收入就超百亿元，集群优势让企业竞争力大幅提升。

    TieXiOu as the northeast industrial leading，The strong industry gathered together more areas model is the promotion。Eastern Inner Mongolia five union city in recent years key construction 23 industrial clusters，The first quarter of this year the 23 sales income is 37.78 billion yuan，The 10% increase。Tongliao city kailu industrial park in will force director, told reporters，Park start in three years，Wind power equipment manufacturing has formed、Corn processing and pharmaceutical and chemical industry and so on six big industrial clusters，Only in sales last year is more than ten billion yuan RMB，Cluster advantage let the competitive power of enterprise increased greatly。

    产业集群对经济的贡献不仅是ＧＤＰ，更在于加速推动经济结构从低端到高端、从传统到新兴的调整升级。随着《东北振兴“十二五”规划》出台，老工业基地振兴吹响了新一轮号角，《规划》中提及要打造的高端装备制造、石墨新材料深加工、光电信息、生物医药等２６个重点产业集群，为东北经济区发展重点指明了方向。黑龙江省社科院经济研究所所长王刚说：“《规划》中提到的２６个重点产业集群很多属于战略性新兴产业，这将完善东北地区多元化产业格局，提升产业丰厚度，为老工业基地转型升级增添后劲。”

    Industry cluster economic contribution to GDP is not only，More in accelerating economic structure from low to high end、Emerging from tradition to the adjustment of the upgrade。as《Northeast China“1025”planning》issued，The old industrial bases in northeast blowing the trumpets new round，《planning》Want to make mention of high-end equipment manufacturing、Graphite new material processing、Photoelectric information、Biological medicine and a key industry cluster，For the northeast economic circle the focus of development is pointed out。Heilongjiang academy of institute of wang gang said the economy：“《planning》Mention in the 26 key industry cluster many belong to strategic new industry，This will improve the northeast area industrial structure of diversification，Promoting industrial rich degrees，The old industrial base for the transformation and upgrading of add in the future。”

    石墨深加工是《规划》中提及的重点产业集群之一，地处边陲的黑龙江省萝北县凭借石墨矿藏的资源优势，这几年重在匹配上下游产业链形成集聚，走出了过去只靠挖掘原矿、单一粗加工的怪圈。２０１１年，萝北县生产石墨精粉逾３０万吨，占全国总产量３５％，已成县域经济的重要支撑。黑龙江省发改委副主任彭介林介绍，黑龙江省“十二五”将围绕新材料、生物医药、新能源装备制造等十大产业和哈大齐工业走廊建设，借助云计算等数字化技术实现资源集聚与制造服务化。

    Graphite processing is《planning》The key industries mentioned one of the cluster，Heilongjiang province is located in the border of the LuoBeiXian with graphite mine resource advantage，This years focuses on matching upstream and downstream industry chain form nearby，Out of the past only by the crude ore mining、A single rough machining of the vicious circle。2011 years，LuoBeiXian production of graphite of pink of essence of more than 300000 tons，35% of the national total，Already into the county economy of important support。Heilongjiang province, deputy director of the national development and reform commission PengJieLin introduced，Heilongjiang province“1025”Will focus on new material、Biological medicine、New energy equipment manufacturing industry and ten, DaJi industrial corridor construction，Using cloud computing and digital technology to realize the resource gathering and manufacturing of service。

    去年末，我国最大的碳纤维原丝生产基地在吉林化纤集团建成投产，破解了长期制约我国碳纤维材料国产化的技术瓶颈，中油吉化、中钢江城碳纤维、吉林碳谷、吉研高科等企业累计投资近３０亿元，形成众星拱月的局面。吉林市市委书记张晓霈说，吉林市经济从靠吉化支撑，到现在大力发展有机化工等多重产业，形成百花齐放。同时利用区位和产业优势发展汽车配套化学品集群，与临近的长春市已形成的汽车及零部件产业集群相呼应。

    proceedings，China's largest carbon fiber the original silk production base in jilin chemical fiber group are put into operation，Cracked restricting our long-term carbon fiber material home-made the technical bottleneck，Zhongyou corporation、Carbon steel river、Jilin carbon valley、Jim high-tech research and investment enterprise accumulative total of nearly RMB 3 billion yuan，Formation ZhongXingGongYue situation。In jilin city party secretary ZhangXiaoPei said，In jilin city economy by support from corporation，To develop organic chemical now multiple industry，Form "let flowers bloom"。At the same time use the location and the development of the car industry advantages of supporting chemicals clusters，And the near the changchun city has formed the automobile and automobile parts industry cluster photograph echo。

    产业集群能否成为老工业基地未来发展的一股支撑力量？辽宁省提出：加快产业集群化发展，不仅是转变经济发展方式、依靠增量调整结构的重要载体和推动力量，也是统筹城乡发展、提高区域综合竞争能力的重要举措和有效途径。辽宁省政府发展研究中心主任卢松说，未来世界产业竞争不再是各家企业之间的竞争，而将以“集群对抗”的方式展现，因此发展产业聚集不仅是加大单个企业抗风险能力的需要，也是提升一个地区产业实力的要求。

    Industry cluster can become the future development of the old industrial base of support power？Liaoning province proposed：Speed up the industrial cluster development，Not only is the transformation of the mode of economic development、Rely on incremental adjustments structure of the important carrier and driving force，Also is to balance urban and rural development、To improve regional comprehensive competition ability is the important measure and effective way。Liaoning province government, director of the development research center LuSongShui，The future of world industry competition is no longer his competition among enterprises，And will be“Cluster against”Way show，So the industry agglomeration development is not only increase the individual enterprise ability to resist risks needs，Ascension is a regional industrial strength requirements。

    原先一钢独大的辽宁本溪市经过近几年调整，把生物医药、旅游休闲业作为与钢铁并重的支柱行业。从２００８年开始规划建设的本溪医药高新技术产业园区，目前已吸引８９家规模以上工业企业落户，今年１－６月份园区药业销售收入预计实现１００亿元，在当前逆市下保持５０％以上的增速。本溪高新技术产业开发区副主任于海说，东北众多仅靠一种产业支撑的第一代城市，急需开拓新型产业，调整转变成由两种或多种产业支撑的新一代城市，打破对传统产业的过分依赖。而在这个转型过程中，发展集群无疑是最好路径。

    Originally a single big steel of liaoning BenXiShi after adjustment in recent years，The biological medicine、Tourism and leisure industries as the pillar industry equal emphasis on steel。From 2008 to and the planning and construction of benxi medicine high-tech industrial park，At present has attracted 89 home in industrial enterprises above designated size，1 this year in June park pharmaceutical sales income is expected to achieve 10 billion yuan，In the current inverse city in the rate of growth of more than 50%。Benxi high and new technology industry development zone, deputy director of the sea said，The northeast on only one kind of industry many support of the first generation city，Need new industry development，By adjusting into a two or more industry support of a new generation of city，To break the traditional industry relying too much on。And in the transition process，Develop cluster is undoubtedly the best path。

    “产业集群改变了以往零散发展产业的模式，通过上下游企业聚集，延长价值链条，为经济优化升级、可持续发展打好了基础。”辽宁省社科院省情研究所所长梁启东说，由于产业集群通过协同效应对区域经济发挥出巨大优势，创建产业集群正成为东北经济发展的重要思路。（参与采写记者：强勇、王炳坤、姚湜、邹俭朴）

    “Industry cluster has altered the scattered in the development of industry pattern，Through the upstream and downstream enterprise gathered themselves together，Extend the value chain，For the optimization and upgrading of the economy、Sustainable development for typing basis。”Liaoning provincial academy of institute of LiangQiDong said，Because of industry cluster through the coordination effect on the regional economic play a huge advantage，Create industrial cluster is becoming the northeast economic development of important ideas。（Selects reporters in：Strong yong、WangBingKun、YaoShi、ZouJianPiao）