科学决战缚洪魔－－迎战三峡建库以来最大洪峰纪实     Science HongMo battle against the three gorges-bound database building the biggest since the flood peak documentary 

    新华社武汉７月２５日电 (新华社记者皮曙初、喻珮、冯国栋)建库以来最大洪峰，峰值超过１９９８年大洪水，甚至可追溯为１９８１年以来之最。２４日晚，三峡工程经历了不平静的一夜。当晚８时，流量达７.１２万立方米每秒的４号洪峰强势来袭，三峡大坝岿然屹立，４０%左右的洪峰流量被削减于无形。

    The xinhua news agency (wuhan on July 25 (The xinhua news agency PiShu beginning、喻珮、FengGuoDong)Since the flood peak largest database building，More than 1998 peak flood，Even the traceability for the most since 1981。24 days late，The three gorges project experience not quiet night。That night at 8，Flow of 71200 cubic meters per second peak 4 strong attacks，The three gorges dam KuiRan stands，About 40% of the flood peak flow were cut in invisible。

    至２５日，上游洪水逐渐退水，上午８时入库流量６.５万立方米每秒，标志着历史罕见洪峰顺利过境。三峡工程经受住运行以来的又一次严峻考验，并为中下游防洪守住了“临门一脚”。

    To 25，The flood waters gradually back upstream water，Morning at 8 65000 cubic meters per second incoming flow，Marks a rare historical flood peak smooth transit。The three gorges project since its operation stand another serious test，And for flood control and keep“Profligate finishing”。

    罕见洪峰汹涌来袭 上游中游防洪紧急     Rare raging flood peak incoming upstream middle flood control emergency

    ７月２０日至２２日，长江上游遭遇强降雨，时间、落区高度集中，金沙江、岷江、沱江来水急剧增加。多条支流洪峰严重遭遇，上游干流洪流滚滚，宜宾至寸滩河段全线超保证水位，朱沱站２３日２３时洪峰水位２１７.０４米，超过１９６６年９月２日的历史最高水位２１６.３１米。

    July 20, to 22，There is heavy rain in the upper reaches of Yangtze river，time、Drop zone highly concentrated，jinshajiang、Minjiang river、Inflow of small has increased dramatically。Many tributaries serious flood peak experience，The upstream river stream rolling，Yibin to inch river super guarantee all of water level，ZhuTuo standing 23, when the water level 217.04 meters and flood peak，More than 1966 years of history on September 2 highest level 216.31 meters。

    而几乎同时，１９日以来长江中游河段受洞庭湖水系强降雨影响，水位快速上涨，形成３号洪峰，并在２０日出现中游干流首个超警戒水位站点。２４日，洪峰通过城陵矶河段，监利至城陵矶河段超过警戒水位。

    And almost at the same time，19 Yangtze river since by dongting lake river water system heavy rainfall influence，Water levels rise rapidly，Form 3 flood peak，And in 20, middle reaches first appeared as the site the warning level。24，Flood peak through the city baling river los，Jianli to city baling river los than the warning level。

    根据预测，超过７万立方米每秒的特大洪峰即将进入三峡水库，长江上游、中游防洪形势陡然吃紧。

    According to the forecast，More than 70000 cubic meters per second big flood peak is about to enter the three gorges reservoir，The upper reaches of Yangtze river、The flood control situation in middle tight flared。

    ２０１０年汛期，长江也曾出现达到每秒７万立方米洪峰。当年，三峡水库削掉了每秒３万立方米的洪峰流量，累计拦洪２６０多亿立方米。

    2010 flood season，The Yangtze river is also appeared 70000 cubic meters per second peak。That year，The three gorges reservoir cutting off of 30000 cubic meters per second peak flow，LanHong accumulated more than 260 cubic meters。

    长江防总办公室副主任吴道喜说，如果没有三峡水库拦蓄洪水，当年长江中下游干流将全线超警戒，形成仅次于１９９８年的严峻防洪形势。

    The Yangtze river office of vice director of office of WuDaoXi said，If there is no use of the three gorges reservoir flood，When all the middle and lower Yangtze river will warn，After 1998 years of severe form, the flood control situation。

    今年上游超７万立方米洪峰到来之际，中游３号洪峰已经形成，两个主要站点超过警戒水位，防汛局面较２０１０年更加严峻。

    This year the 70000 cubic meters upstream of the arrival of the flood peak，No. 3 middle reaches the peak has been formed，Two main site than the warning water level，Flood control is more severe situation in 2010。

    按照《长江流域防汛应急预案》有关规定，长江防总决定于７月２４日１０时起，将长江防汛应急响应从Ⅲ级提高至Ⅱ级。

    According to《The Yangtze river flood control and emergency plan》Relevant provisions，The Yangtze river office decided in July 24 a 10，Will the Yangtze river flood control and emergency response from Ⅲ to increase the level Ⅱ level。

    三峡工程从容应对 洪魔缚于高峡平湖     The three gorges project HongMo calmly, bound in pinghu high up

    ７月２２日晚１０时３０分，长江防总会商室灯火通明。超过７万立方米每秒的洪峰将要出现，防汛指挥专家们神经紧绷，计算、分析、判断、决策……

    22 July 10 late 30 points，The Yangtze river office in consultation with the room was brightly lit。More than 70000 cubic meters per second flood peak will occur，Flood control command experts nerves，calculation、analysis、judgment、Decision......

    ２３时４０分，一张关于三峡防洪的调度令向三峡集团公司发出：要求于７月２３日零时将三峡水库下泄流量加大至４.３万立方米每秒。

    23 when 40 points，A flood control scheduling to about three gorges for the three gorges group company issued：On July 23, requirements at the three gorges reservoir will be analyzed the increase to 43000 cubic meters per second。

    而此前，７月２２日上午，经长江防总会商后，已向三峡总公司下发调度令，要求将三峡水库下泄流量由３.８万立方米每秒加大至４万立方米每秒，以降低库水位，迎战高洪峰。

    And the，The morning on July 22,，The Yangtze river after consultation with the office，For the three gorges corporation has issued scheduling order，Will the three gorges reservoir discharge requirements under by 38000 cubic meters per second to increase to 40000 cubic meters per second，In order to reduce the water level library，Against GaoHongFeng。

    ２４日，上游洪峰如期而至。下午２时，每秒７万立方米的罕见洪水直扑三峡大坝。晚８时，峰值出现，高达每秒７．１２万立方米，远超１９４５年和１９９８年洪水流经三峡地区的最大值。

    24，The flood peak came。2 PM，70000 cubic meters per second of the three gorges dam at rare straight。8 p.m，spikes，Up to 71200 cubic meters per second，Far more than 1945 and 1998 flood flows through a maximum of three gorges region。

    面对“临门一脚”，早有准备的三峡工程稳稳“接球”，将历史罕见洪峰缚于高峡平湖。三峡水库水位因拦蓄洪水上涨至１６０米，创汛期水位新高。通过三峡拦洪削峰４０％，有效减轻了长江中下游的防洪压力。

    face“Profligate finishing”，Ready firmly of the three gorges project“catch”，Will history rare in pinghu high up flood peak tied。The water level of the three gorges reservoir by use of the flood to rise to 160 m，And the water level flood season high。Through the three gorges LanHong cut 40% peak，Effective flood control of middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze river, reduce the pressure。

    长江防总常务副总指挥、长江水利委员会主任蔡其华说，如果没有三峡工程，此次上游洪水将使沙市水位达到４５米的保证水位，城陵矶水位将达到３４.９米，汉口水位将达到２８.５米。记者了解到，截至２５日１０时，三个站点实际水位分别是４２.６５米、３３.１７米、２６.１８米。

    The Yangtze river office standing deputy commander in chief、The Yangtze river water resources commission director CaiJiHua said，If not the three gorges project，The upstream flood will make shashi water level to the guarantee of 45 meters water level，Ling city will reach 34.9 m los water level，Hankou water level will reach 28.5 meters。The reporter understands，At 25, when 10，Three sites were the actual water level is 42.65 m、33.17 meters、26.18 meters。

  

    四轮洪峰轮番来袭 科学调度彰显威力   Four-wheel flood peak take turns to incoming science scheduling reveal power

    事实上，罕见洪峰来袭之前，三峡工程已经受了上游两次洪峰的相继来袭。７月７日，长江１号洪峰入库，入库流量达５.６万立方米每秒；仅过５天之后，上游又发生２号洪峰；进入下旬，长江３号洪峰在中游形成。在不足一个月时间内，长江干流相继发生４次较强洪水过程，且洪峰达到编号量级（５万立方米每秒），较为少见。

    In fact，Rare flood peak attacks before，The three gorges project has already received the upstream two flood peak subsequently attacks。July 7，The Yangtze river flood peak 1 Treasury，Warehousing flow to 56000 cubic meters per second；Just five days after，The upstream again occurrence 2 flood peak；Late into the，No. 3 in the middle Yangtze river flood peak form。In less than a month time，The Yangtze river mainstream ensued four strong flood process，And flood peak reached Numbers category（50000 cubic meters per second），Relatively rare。

    接踵而来的洪峰，是对三峡工程防洪能力又一次“大考”。

    Incoming flood peak，Of the three gorges project is flood control ability again“Big test”。

    长江防汛抗旱总指挥部秘书长、长江水利委员会副主任魏山忠告诉记者，三峡工程防洪效益的发挥，是一个上下游统筹兼顾的决策过程。“一方面尽快降低三峡水库水位，为洪峰腾出库容，另一方面避免加大泄量后给长江中游河段增加防洪压力。”

    The Yangtze river flood control and drought relief headquarters secretary general、The Yangtze river water conservancy, deputy director of the WeiShanZhong told reporters，The three gorges project flood control efficiency，Is a upstream and downstream overall consideration of the decision-making process。“On the one hand the three gorges reservoir water level lower as soon as possible，Make for flood peak capacity，On the other hand avoid increase after discharge of Yangtze river to river flood control increase pressure。”

    自进入汛期以来，长江防总办已经召开２８次防汛会商会，向三峡枢纽下发了１３次调度令。

    Since entering the since the flood season，The Yangtze river FangZongBan has held 28 times will flood the chamber of commerce，For the three gorges project issued the 13 times for scheduling。

    通过科学调度，前两轮洪峰，约８０亿立方米的洪量被静静地截流在高峡平湖，长江中下游干流水位未超警戒。

    Through the scientific control，Two previous rounds flood peak，About 8 billion cubic meters of HongLiang was quietly closure in pinghu high up，The water level of middle and lower Yangtze river are not super alert。

    科学的调度离不开精确的预报。吴道喜说，现在长江流域有１６００多个自动监测点，已经实现水位、雨量自动采集、自动传输和自动转发，水量预报精确率达到了几百立方米以内。

    Scientific scheduling cannot leave the accurate forecast。WuDaoXi said，Now there are more than 1600 of the Yangtze river basin automatic monitoring stations，Has to realize water level、Rainfall automatic acquisition、Automatic transmission and automatic forwarding，Water forecast accurate rate is the within hundreds of cubic meters。

    罕见洪峰来袭之前，水利部水文局、长江委水文局提前几天预报出三峡入库洪峰流量，预报精确度达到９９％，为三峡工程科学调度奠定了基础。

    Rare flood peak attacks before，The ministry of water resources ShuiWenJu、The Yangtze river ShuiWenJu forecast a few days in advance by the three gorges warehousing peak flow，Forecast accuracy reached 99%，For the three gorges project science scheduling laid a foundation。