上图：延长县交口镇洋仙坪村村民张培英在随时有倒塌危险的土窑洞前，诉说土窑洞里冷得连食用油都结冰。张培英本人有精神病，育有3女1子，一家人靠借钱为生（2011年1月19日摄）。下图：当地政府拨款1.4万元为张培英修建了两间砖瓦结构的房屋，另外每月发放120元低保，2012年她家已挂果的苹果园收入1.1万元（2012年11月28日摄，拼版照片）。近两年前，新华社记者走访了陕北11个县40多个贫困户，了解到在陕北繁荣的能源经济背后，仍然生活着大量贫困人口，部分地区贫富差距拉大，看病难、上学贵、子女多成为部分致贫的主要原因。记者所发报道引起中央及陕西省的高度重视。两年过去了，记者驱车3000多公里，再访了这些贫困户。所见所闻，让记者深深地感受到，在这些贫困户中，除2人生病去世外，其他40多户人家基本上安居乐业。记者问起他们目前的生活状况，受访者的脸上大多绽出笑容。为切实解决群众看病贵、因病返贫等问题，自2011年7月1日起，榆林市在全国范围率先开始试点新农合市级统筹工作，筹资标准由原来的每人每年150元提高到300元，补偿封顶线由原来的每年每户3万元提高到每人5万元，大病患者实行二次救助，每年最高可获补助20万元，在基层看病可以直接报销90%，在县医院看病可报销到80%。延安市新农合筹资标准也由2011年人均120元提高到目前的300元，最高可获补助15万元，并将符合条件的村卫生室纳入定点范围，实现了门诊统筹全市全覆盖，方便了群众就医，扩大了受益面。记者在采访中了解到，榆林12个区县全部实行9年免费教育，其中神木、府谷两县实现15年免费教育；延安市13区县全部实现了12年免费教育，其中吴起、志丹、黄陵等县实现了15年免费教育。神木、府谷等县成立慈善组织，为贫困家庭上大学的学子提供助学资金，一些辍学的中小学生也重返课堂。但记者也发现，陕北一些区县的农村学校撤点并校，加大了农村孩子上学的费用，很多家长只好到乡镇或县城租房陪读。陕北地区现总人口570多万人，目前年收入2500元以下的贫困人口仍有116.7万人。从2011年开始，陕西省新增财力的80%用于民生支出，成立了陕北扶贫移民搬迁安置领导小组和指挥部，举行了陕北白于山区和黄河沿岸土石山区扶贫搬迁开工仪式。截至目前，陕北共搬迁3.98万户16.6万人，建设了196个集中安置点，房屋主体建设基本完工，房屋分配时公开、公正、透明，本着群众自愿和贫困户优先的原则，目前已有4170户入住上新居，从根本上实现群众住房有保障、产业有发展、增收有渠道、环境有改善、生活质量有提高的目标。新华社记者 陶明 摄     the:The YanChangXian JiaoKouZhen xian ping village in ZhangPeiYing collapse at any time before TuYaoDong dangerous,Tell the TuYaoDong cold even cooking oil are frozen.ZhangPeiYing I have mental illness,Has three female 1 son,The family live on to borrow money(On January 19, 2011 perturbation).the:Local government has allocated 14000 yuan for ZhangPeiYing built between two brick structure of the building,Another issue 120 yuan a month guarantee,In 2012, she has GuaGuo apple income is 11000 yuan(In November 2012, and perturbation,Makeup photos).Nearly two years ago,Xinhua news agency reporter visited shanbei 11 counties and more poor,Understand that in the northern shaanxi energy economy prosperity behind,Still lives with a lot of poor people,The gap between rich and poor widening parts,Difficulties in getting/School your/Many children become part of the main reasons for the poor.Reporter sends a central and reports of shaanxi attaches great importance to.Two years have passed,Reporter drive more than 3000 kilometers,Revisit the poor.and,Let the reporters deeply felt,In these in the poor,In addition to the two people ill died,Other and many family basically live and work in peace and contentment.Reporters asked about the present living conditions,Most respondents face they smile.To solve the high cost/Problems such as poverty due to illness,Since July 1st, 2011,In the national scope in yulin city, the new farmers began to pilot the combined work plan,Financing standard of the original 150 yuan per person per year up to 300 yuan,A top line compensation by the original each year 30000 increase to 50000 yuan per person,A serious illness patients in secondary salvage,The highest available each year, and a subsidy of RMB 200000,To see a doctor at the grassroots level may directly submit an expense account 90%,In the county hospital can submit an expense account to 80%.YanAnShi new farmers joint financing standard from 2011 120 yuan per capita increased to the current 300 yuan,The highest available a subsidy of RMB 150000,And will meet the conditions of the village clinic into point range,Realize the outpatient service in the city as a whole complete coverage,Convenient masses go to a doctor,Expanded benefited range.Reporter in the interview to understand,Yulin 12 districts (counties) of all the nine years free education,The trees/Fu valley two county achieve 15 years free education;YanAnShi 13 districts and counties all realize the 12 years of free education,The WuQi/ZhiDan/Huangling county and realize the 15 years free education.shenmu/The valley was established government and county charity organization,For poor families to go to college students to provide educational funds,Some school in the primary and middle school students are returning to the classroom.But the reporter also found,Shaanxi rural schools in some districts and counties from point BingJiao,Increased the cost of rural children to school,Many parents have to to the township or town or relatives can apply for rent.Now the total population in shanbei region more than 570 people,At present income of 2500 yuan of the following 1.167 million people are still poor.Starting from 2011,Shaanxi new resources for 80% of the people's livelihood spending,Shaanxi founded the poverty alleviation migration resettlement leading group and command,Shaanxi held baiyu mountain and the Yellow River coast poverty mountainous region soil moving ceremony.So far,A total of 39800 households in shanbei move 166000 people,Construction site 196 concentration,The main construction basic completion,The allocation of public housing/justice/transparent,In line with the wishes of the masses and poor priority principle,There are 4170 households in the new house,Fundamentally achieve the housing is guaranteed/Industry development/Income channel/Environment improved/The quality of life improved goal.The xinhua news agency TaoMing perturbation

    上图：定边县油坊庄乡山胜坡村村民贺跃显（右）的老伴在为他换药。贺跃显在土窑洞里睡觉时被垮塌的土窑砸伤左胳膊，医药费花去3万多元（2011年1月13日摄）。下图：贺跃显老夫妻原先居住的土窑洞已废弃，一家8口人搬进了政府补助5万元兴建的6间新居里。2012年他看病花了5000多元，合作医疗报销了4000多元，老夫妻俩2012年开始每人每月享受150元低保生活费，另有1200元的养老金（2012年12月1日摄，拼版照片）。新华社记者 陶明 摄     the:DingBianXian oil mill village township mountain - slope village HeYue show(right)In her for his dressing.HeYue show in TuYaoDong to sleep was collapsed's cooked by my left arm,Medical expenses spent 30000 multivariate(On January 13, 2011 perturbation).the:HeYue show old couple in the original TuYaoDong has abandoned,A 8 mouth people moved into the government subsidies of 50000 yuan to build the new house between.In 2012 he see a doctor spent more than 5000 yuan,Cooperative medical reimbursement 4000 multivariate,The old couple in 2012 began to enjoy 150 yuan every month, low cost of living,Another 1200 yuan pension(On December 1, 2012 perturbation,Makeup photos).The xinhua news agency TaoMing perturbation

    上图：沿黄河土石山区农民居住的房屋（2011年1月15日摄）。下图：神木县为沿黄河土石山区进城农民兴建的廉租房。神木县兴建总建筑面积12万多平方米、可提供2095套公租房，解决沿黄河土石山区进城农民工、外来务工人员住房困难问题（2012年7月15日摄）。新华社记者 陶明 摄     the:The mountainous region HuangHeTu farmers living houses(January 15, 2011 perturbation).the:Shenmu county for HuangHeTu along the mountainous region into the city farmers build low-cost housing.Shenmu county building with a total construction area of 120000 square meters/Can supply 2095 sets and renting a house,To solve the rural workers HuangHeTu mountainous region/Migrant workers housing problems(On July 15, 2012 perturbation).The xinhua news agency TaoMing perturbation