90年前召开的中共“二大”创造了多个“第一”：制定了第一部党章，第一次提出民主革命纲领；第一次提出党的统一战线思想；第一次公开发表《中国共产党宣言》；第一次比较完整地对工人运动、妇女运动和青少年运动提出要求。

    90 years ago of the communist party of China held“Two big”Created more“The first”：Make the first the constitution，The first put forward the democratic revolution programme；The first put forward the party's united front thought；For the first time publicly published《Declaration of the communist party of China》；First more fully to workers' movement、The women's movement and youth movement request。

    在上海“申”字型高架路的中心点，一片郁郁葱葱的绿地之中，一排石库门建筑优雅矗立——中国共产党第二次全国代表大会会址，在都市繁华中静静地回味历史。

    In Shanghai“"”Fonts in the center of the road，A lush green space in，A row of stone-ringed door building stands-the Chinese communist party elegant the second national congress of the site，In the city with a history of quietly。

    1922年7月16日，中共“二大”就在这里拉开帷幕。

    July 16, 1922，Communist party“Two big”Will kick off here。

    这里曾经激荡红色理想，启蒙一场场革命风暴；这里曾经建章立制，孕育出一个如今全世界最大的政党。90载风云之后，人们依然在探寻它看似巧合中的因与果，依然不断从它的点点滴滴中获取启迪。

    It was once the ideal agitate red，Enlightenment storm gets revolution；It was once the working out rules and regulations，Gives birth to a now the world's largest political party。90 years after the storm，People still in search of it apparent coincidence with the fruit，Still constantly from it drops in get enlightenment。

 

    探索与追寻    Exploration and pursue

    最近上海启动“红动申城”纪念建党91周年主题活动，同时纪念中共“二大”召开90周年、中共“二大”会址纪念馆建馆10周年。往日风云一页页再现于《画说中共二大》连环画，也一幕幕重演在《1922：指路明灯》电视专题片，石库门内的会议、革命先驱的壮举、不为人知的轶事，让人们一再回味。

    Recent Shanghai start“Red move shen”Memorize the 91 anniversary theme activities，At the same time of the communist party of China's memorial“Two big”Held 90 anniversary、Communist party“Two big”10 anniversary of building library at memorial。The former days reappear in or《HuaShui two of the communist party of China》comic，Also repeat scenes in《1922：The beacon》TV specials，The meeting in the attached、Revolutionary pioneers feat、{{{xishuangbanna (，Let people repeatedly aftertaste。

    1958年，当年的会议组织者之一的李达专程到上海协助寻访，指认辅德里625号为自己昔日的寓所，中共“二大”会址最终得到确认。李达的寓所也被确定为人民出版社社址。

    1958 years，When one of the organizers of the conference came to Shanghai to assist for li，Identify and auxiliary Delhi 625 number is his former abode，Communist party“Two big”General finally confirmed。When li da's apartment was also determined for people's publishing house SheZhi。

    多年来，纪念馆多方调查，收集史料和实物：“二大”代表罗章龙的儿子罗平海捐赠了父亲的印章；金华档案馆献出了施存统的公文包、墨盒、镇纸；在俄罗斯社会政治历史档案馆收集到了中国代表团出席远东会议史料，在荷兰相关档案馆找到共产国际代表马林的生平实物、手稿、北方工人运动史料。

    For many years，Many survey memorial，Historical data collection and real：“Two big”Representative LuoZhang dragon son LuoPingHai donated his father's seal；The archives to dedicate the ShiCun all of his briefcase、cartridge、seal；In Russian society political history archives collection to Chinese delegation to attend the meeting of historical materials in the far east，In the Netherlands relevant archives delegates of the communist international marin find the real life、manuscript、The north workers' movement historical data。

    关键的一份论文，竟来自偶然。1972年，中国革命博物馆的研究人员李俊臣无意中看到了一篇日文论文，便译成中文。这居然就是陈公博1924年写就的《共产主义运动在中国》。论文6篇附录，就是“一大”、“二大”文献。此时，“二大”的部分历史才得以还原……

    The key to a paper，Unexpectedly from accidental。1972 years，The museum of the Chinese revolution LiJunChen has no intention of researchers saw a Japanese paper，Then translated into Chinese。This is incredibly ChenGong bo 1924 write《Communist movement in China》。Article 6 the appendix paper，is“A big”、“Two big”literature。At this time，“Two big”Part of the history was able to restore......

    上世纪90年代，上海进行延安路高架建设，需要大动迁，上海市政府特批保留了“二大”会址及平民女校旧址。为了革命圣地，南北高架桥特地拐了一个弯。 2002年“二大”召开80周年之际，这两排房屋建成了中共“二大”会址纪念馆。

    The 1990 s，Shanghai elevated road construction，Need big resettlement，Shanghai government retains the special permission“Two big”General and common site of the girls。To the holy land revolution，North and south viaduct a curved turn specially。 2002 years“Two big”Held 80 anniversary，These two rows of houses built“Two big”Site memorial。

    今天的参观者，还不时能获得惊喜：培养出王一知、钱希均、丁玲等一批杰出女性的平民女校，就在辅德里这栋近百年历史的石库门房内；蜚声中外的人民出版社，最早的雏形，不过是李达寓所内一个小小的格子间……

    Today's visitors，And now and then can obtain the surprise：Cultivate WangYiZhi、QianXi are、Ding ling and a number of prominent women's girls civilians，In the nearly years history auxiliary Delhi stone-ringed door of the room；The famous international people's publishing house，The prototype of the earliest，But li is a small grid apartment between...

   

    开天辟地，相辅相成  epoch-making，Supplement each other

    今年“七一”之前，上海开通直通车，在“一大”会址和“二大”会址之间免费穿梭运行。

    This year“1”before，Shanghai opened train，in“A big”Site and“Two big”Site free shuttle between operation。

    1921年，中共“一大”召开之地，为石库门“树德里”；次年，中共“二大”召开之地，为石库门“辅德里”。一“树”、一“辅”，前者开天辟地，后者与之相辅相成。

    1921 years，Communist party“A big”Land held，For people“Tree Delhi”；The following year，Communist party“Two big”Land held，For people“Auxiliary Delhi”。a“tree”、a“auxiliary”，The former epoch-making，The latter with the supplement each other。

    “早期的革命宣传，很朴实，却很能打动人。”中共“二大”会址纪念馆副馆长杨嫣说，比如，“二大”召开那年的正月初一，上海党组织在街头散发革命传单《贺年帖》6万张，“有工大家做，有饭大家吃，这才是共产社会太平国”，直白干脆，这就是宣传共产主义的《太平歌》。

    “Early revolutionary propaganda，Very simple，But very can move the person。”Communist party“Two big”Deputy director at memorial YangYan said，For example，“Two big”Convened the first day of the first month of the year，Shanghai party organization in the street to send out revolution leaflet《Zh zh for》60000 votes，“You have work to do，Have you eat rice，This is the social peace communist countries”，Straightforward simply，This is propaganda of communism《Peace songs》。

    “二大”召开之前，全国共有党员195名，出席“二大”的代表有12名，他们分别是中央局成员陈独秀、张国焘、李达，上海代表杨明斋、北京代表罗章龙、山东代表王尽美、湖北代表许白昊、湖南代表蔡和森、广东代表谭平山，中国劳动组合书记部代表李震瀛和中国社会主义青年团代表施存统，另有一名无法确定，迄今依然是谜。

    “Two big”Ahead of a，'s total of 195 party members，attend“Two big”Representatives of the twelve，They are c.o. Chen duxiu's members、Zhang guotao、li，Shanghai representative YangMingZhai、Beijing representative LuoZhang dragon、Shandong representative wang make the United States、Hubei representative XuBaiHao、Hunan CAI he-sen bases his representatives、Guangdong representative PingShan tan，China labor secretary of the combination of LiZhenYing and representatives of the communist youth league of China ShiCun representative series，Otherwise an impossible to determine，So far is still a mystery。

    为期8天的会议制定了中国共产党第一部《党章》。该章程共有6章29条，详细规定了党员条件和入党手续，对党的组织原则、组织机构、党的纪律和制度等也都作出具体的规定。专家认为，这标志着党的创建最终完成，党的事业由此走向更广阔的新天地。

    8 days of meetings for the first part of the communist party of China set《The party constitution》。The articles in chapter six article 29，Detailed provisions for the party membership and the admission procedures，To the party's organizational principle、organization、The party's discipline and system are also made specific provision。Experts say，This marks the party's finally create complete，The party's career thus to vast new world。

    今日的研究者发现，虽是“二大”，它却创造了多个“第一”：第一次提出了彻底反帝反封建的民主革命纲领；第一次提出了党的统一战线思想——民主联合战线的思想；第一次公开发表了《中国共产党宣言》；第一次比较完整地对工人运动、妇女运动和青少年运动提出要求；第一次决定加入共产国际；第一次提出了“中国共产党万岁”的口号……

    The researchers found that today，Is the“Two big”，It has created more“The first”：For the first time put forward thoroughly anti-imperialism feudalism democratic revolution programme；For the first time put forward the party's united front thought-the idea of the democratic united front；For the first time publicly released《Declaration of the communist party of China》；First more fully to workers' movement、The women's movement and youth movement request；The first decision to join the communist international；For the first time put forward“Long live the communist party of China”Slogan......

    “二大”会址李达寓所的门楣上有4个字——“腾蛟起凤”，颇具深意。当日穿梭于老式里弄、躲避搜捕的“二大”代表们，也许未及留意。此语出自王勃《滕王阁序》，寓意吉祥：从“二大”起，中国共产党完成创建，日后不断壮大，领导千千万万中国人民进行革命和建设……

    “Two big”At home the top have li 4 words--“Jiao went up chicken”，Has profound。On that day shuttle in old lanes and alleys、Avoid raids“Two big”delegates，Maybe not pay attention to。CiYu from WangBo《Tengwang pavilion sequence》，Symbolizes good fortune：from“Two big”up，The communist party of China to create complete，Continued expansion，Chinese people's leadership thousands upon thousands of revolution and construction......

   

    红色记忆“跨代传递”  Red memory“Cross generation transmission”

    党的“一大”因为当时特定环境原因，虽有酝酿准备，但最终未能建章立制。这个遗憾，却给“二大”留出较充裕时间，在传播建党理论、吸收党员、开展工人群众工作积累一定经验的条件下，实现相对充实完善的“党内首部根本立法”。

    The party's“A big”Because at that time certain environmental reasons，Although it has prepared，But eventually failed to working out rules and regulations。The regret，But to“Two big”Set aside a plenty of time，In the theory foundation of spread、Absorption party members、The workers work has accumulated in certain experience conditions，Realize full of relatively perfect“The party first fundamental legislation”。

    在党史专家叶笃初看来，“二大”制定的第一个党章，宣告党的创建工作全部完成。“正是这部党章作为集体记忆，伴随我们走向党的百年盛景！”

    In the history YeDuChu experts opinion，“Two big”The first formulated the constitution，The party's create work that is complete。“It is the party constitution as a collective memory，With us to the party's one hundred cheng jing！”

    叶笃初认为，“二大”有完全正确的组织理念，还有保证切实有效施行的可操作性，“从文件形态到效力形态都显现了党的非凡素质。”

    YeDuChu think，“Two big”Has the completely correct organization concept，And pledge to be effective maneuverability，“From the document forms to the effect form have shown the party's special quality。”

    今日的“二大”会址纪念馆，有一个独特的党章历程厅，集中展示中国共产党从“一大”党纲、“二大”党章直至十七大的党章。每部党章都记录一段珍贵历史，留下共产党人前进的足迹，参观者依次品读不同年代的党章，中国共产党从幼年到成熟的过程，一幕幕再现。

    Today's“Two big”Site memorial，There is a unique process of the party constitution hall，Show from the communist party of China“A big”Party platform、“Two big”The party constitution until the 17 the constitution。Each party constitution were recorded a precious history，Leave the communist party people forward footprints，The visitors in different s read the constitution，The communist party of China from childhood to maturity of the process，Scenes represent。

    党章厅最后引用了一段胡锦涛总书记2006年1月6日在中纪委第六次全会上的讲话：“总结我们党自身建设包括党风廉政建设和反腐败工作的实践经验，可以得出一个重要结论，就是要始终把学习党章、遵守党章、贯彻党章、维护党章作为全党的一项重大任务抓紧抓好。只有把党章学习好、遵守好、贯彻好、维护好，才能确保我们党始终沿着正确的方向前进，始终成为中国特色社会主义事业的领导核心，始终凝聚起全党同志的意志和力量为实现党的理想和目标而共同奋斗。”

    The party constitution hall last cited a 2006 general secretary hu jintao on January 6 in the commission for discipline inspection sixth plenary session speech：“Summarize our party own construction including incorruptness construction and the anticorruption work experience，Can get a important conclusions，The study is to always the constitution、Observe the party constitution、Curry out、Maintain the party constitution as a major task of the whole party pay close attention to。The party constitution only study、Keep good、Implement good、Maintain good，To ensure that our party always the right direction，Always be the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics of the core of leadership，Always rally up all party comrades will and strength for the implementation of the party's ideal and goal in the common struggle。”

  

    永不磨灭的精气神   Lasting vigor

    那时候的中国共产党，全国不过约200名党员，但已经开始掀起宏阔的革命运动，激变着中国的政治风云。　

    The communist party of China，The national but about 200 party members，But already beginning to let a revolutionary movement，China's political situation of convulsions。

    1922年1月到次年2月，中共领导的工人运动形成第一次高潮，爆发的罢工斗争达100多次，参加罢工的工人达30万以上，大部分是中共组织，或由中共领导的工会发动。

    In January 1922 to February，The Chinese communist party's workers' movement form the first wave，The outbreak of the strike struggle more than 100 times，To participate in the strike of the workers above 300000，Most is the organization，By the communist party's leadership of the trade union or launch。

    上海市委党史研究室副主任严爱云说：“党不再仅仅是个别的力量，而是组织化的。党员们不是简单地为了自己加工资，纯为经济利益斗争，是为了政治权利，要做人的平等，要为阶级、国家、民族事务发言。”

    The Shanghai municipal party committee party history, deputy director of the research YanAiYun said：“The party is no longer just a other strength，But organized。The party members is not simply for his wages，Pure economic interests to struggle，For political rights，Had to be equality，For class to、national、Minorities affairs spokesman。”

    共产党人已经表现出坚定的意志、非凡的胆略、高远的志向。

    Communists have shown in firm、Extraordinary courage、Ambitions of。

    中共“二大”举行时，长期从事工人运动的李启汉并未出席。租界当局以唆使罢工扰乱秩序罪名将他逮捕关押，1924年才获释。出狱之后，李启汉依然继续从事工人运动，直至1927年“四·一二”事变中被国民党右派抓捕杀害。

    Communist party“Two big”When held，Long engaged in the workers' movement LiQiHan did not attend。Concessions to abet disorderly strike him he arrested held，1924 years to release。Jail after the，LiQiHan still continue to be engaged in workers' movement，Until 1927“Four · 12”The incident by the kuomintang rightists catch killed。

    李启汉的外甥李致宁回忆说，舅舅被关押的牢房里，有一个木笼子，是给死刑犯的，后来牢房给舅舅再钉了一个。“当时我妈妈都已经哭成个泪人了，他就说：不要哭。可不要忘记，我是为什么而生，为什么而死的！”

    LiQiHan nephew LiZhiNing recalls，Uncle imprisoned their cells，There is a wood cage，The death is to give，Later cell to uncle nailed to the one again。“When my mother has already been crying all become tears，He said：Don't cry。But don't forget，I was born and why，Why die！”

    “为了国家，为了人民，为了民族，不惜奋斗甚至牺牲自己的生命，早期的共产党人都有这样的责任感、使命感。”中共中央党史研究室副主任李忠杰说。

    “In order to countries，For the people，In order to national，Struggle even at the cost of his life，Early communists have sense of responsibility、mission。”The central committee of the communist party, deputy director of the research history LiZhongJie said。

    李忠杰认为，中国共产党之所以能够从最初的只有50多个党员，发展到今天拥有8000多万党员的世界第一大党，一是肩负历史使命，二是始终保持先进性，三是始终扎根人民，为人民服务，为人民奋斗。

    LiZhongJie think，The Chinese communist party was able to from the original only more than 50 party members，Development today has more than 8000 members of the world the first big party，One is the shoulder historic mission，2 it is always maintain its advanced nature，Three is always rooted people，To serve the people，People's struggle for。

    从“一大”到“二大”，中国共产党人的优秀品格一脉相承，代代相传，至今激励我们奋勇前进。（记者 包蹇）

    from“A big”to“Two big”，The Chinese communist party of excellent character schooling，Passed down from generation to generation，So far to inspire us move forward。（Reporter BaoJian）