“蛟龙”号从这里驶向大海——探寻“蛟龙”号背后的故事 “dragon”Number from here to the sea-search“dragon”The story behind the number

    新华社南京７月１６日电（记者 蔡玉高 王敏）圆满完成７０００米海试任务的“蛟龙”号从哪里诞生？它的背后又有着怎样的技术团队？它的成功需要克服哪些技术难题？适逢“蛟龙”号载誉归来之际，新华社记者走近“蛟龙”号总体设计和集成的责任单位及总设计师单位——位于太湖之滨无锡市的中船重工７０２所，探寻“蛟龙”背后的故事。

    The xinhua news agency nanjing July 16（Reporter CaiYuGao ma）Satisfactory completion of the 7000 meters of sea try task“dragon”From birth, where？It has the technology behind and how team？The success of the need to overcome what technical difficult problem？as“dragon”Number of honored sportspeople，The xinhua news agency near“dragon”The overall design and integration, the responsible units and total designer units-is located in the city of wuxi taihu lake (heavy industry 702，search“dragon”The story behind the。

    

    中国“蛟龙”号，无锡７０２所造 China“dragon”number，Wuxi made by 702

    美丽的太湖之滨，坐落着“蛟龙”号的设计生产单位——中船重工７０２所。

    The beautiful taihu lake，Is located“dragon”The production design, units-the Chinese heavy industry 702。

    “十年磨砺闯海沟，四度探海成正果。”步入７０２所大门，眼前红色横幅上的这句话让人印象深刻。研究所副所长、党委书记蔡大明介绍，听到海试成功的消息，整个研究所沸腾了，很多人流下了泪水，“２０年的梦想和十年的艰苦努力，终于有了回报”。

    “Ten years efforts ran trench，Four out of the sea into the fruit。”Enter 702 gate，Eyes on the red banners this sentence is impressive。, deputy director of institute、Secretary of the party committee CaiDaMing introduced，Hear the news that the success of the test，The whole institute boiled，Many people shed tears，“20 years of dream and 10 years of hard work，Finally paid off”。

    １９５１年建立，１９６５年总部搬至无锡的７０２所主要从事船舶及海洋工程领域的水动力学、结构力学及振动等相关技术的研究，以及高性能船舶与水下工程的研究设计与开发。为向海洋强国梦想迈进，上世纪９０年代，在成功研制载人潜水器、有缆水下机器人和无缆水下机器人后，研究所老一代科学家们提出了设计大深度载人潜水器的计划。但由于当时条件所限，研究工作未能启动。

    Established in 1951，1965 years of wuxi move its headquarters to 702 mainly engaged in Marine and offshore areas of water dynamics、Structure mechanics and vibration technology research，, and performance of the ship and the underwater engineering design and development。For Marine power to dream ahead，The 1990 s，In a successful manned submersibles developed、A computerized underwater vehicle and no cable after underwater robots，The old generation of scientists, put forward the design deep manned submersibles plan。But it was the limit of the condition，Research work fails to start。

    ２００２年６月，科技部正式把７０００米载人潜水器列为国家８６３计划重大专项。在科技部、国家海洋局的领导下和中国大洋协会的具体组织下，作为载人潜水器总师单位，７０２所联合中科院沈阳自动化所、中科院声学所负责潜水器本体研制任务，同时承担总装与集成、潜航员培训等工作。

    June 2002，The ministry of science and technology the formal 7000 meters manned submersibles classified as a national 863 plan major projects。In the ministry of science and technology、Under the leadership of the state oceanic administration and China association of the ocean under the particular organization，As a manned submersibles the total teacher unit，Combine the shenyang automation of Chinese academy of sciences 702、The Chinese academy of sciences acoustic are responsible for submersibles ontology research task，And undertake assembly and integration、Silent hunter member training, etc。

    十年来，以７０２所为主的国内１００多家科研单位，从无到有，在很多深海设备、加工工艺国内外处于空白的情况下，打造出了在海洋深处潜行自如的“蛟龙”号。

    Ten years，In 702 as the more than 100 domestic scientific research units，From scratch，In many deep-sea equipment、Processing technology at home and abroad in the blank，To create the stealth freely in the depths of the ocean“dragon”number。

    

    “蛟龙”身后有支“龙之队” “dragon”Behind have a“dragon”

    从总体方案设计，到潜水器的初步设计和详细设计，到总装联调和水池实验，以及最后的海试……“蛟龙”号是一条完全自行设计、自主集成的“中国龙”，而这些都得归功于它身后有支“龙之队”。

    From the overall design，To submersibles the preliminary design and detailed design，To the assembly alignment and pool experiment，And finally the sea try......“dragon”Number is a complete design on its own、Independent integrated“The Chinese dragon”，And these are due to have a behind it“dragon”。

    “蛟龙”号正式立项时，被誉为“中国深潜领路人”的徐芑南已退休。接到担任总设计师的邀请，尽管身体不好，但徐老还是义无反顾地回到了工作岗位上，一干就是十年。刚从“蛟龙”号陆上基地保障中心回到７０２所的徐芑南说：“载人潜水器是从海洋大国走向海洋强国的重要支撑，为实现这一梦想，我们愿意发挥余热。”

    “dragon”When no formal project，Is known as“China's deep guides”Xu of retired pumps dioxins south。As general designer from the invitation，Although poor health，But XuLao or obliged to turn back to work，Does is ten years。Just from“dragon”Th land base security center back to 702 xu of pumps dioxins south said：“Manned submersibles from the ocean Marine power to the country an important support，To realize this dream，We would like to play to the heat。”

    在如此信念支撑下，一批老科学家重新聚集在７０２所，他们带着年轻的科研人员，很快组成了“蛟龙”号载人潜水器创新团队。

    In such a belief support，A group of old scientists to gather in 702，They took the young scientific research personnel，Soon formed“dragon”Manned submersibles innovation team。

    “龙之队”最终用７０００米级成功海试向世界宣告，中国已经掌握了深海载人潜水器自主设计、集成创新等核心能力。徐芑南感慨地说，“全靠团队精神，没有这样的团队，怎么也拿不出如此复杂的系统工程产品。”

    “dragon”With 7000 m final success to the world the sea level to try that，China has already mastered the deep manned submersibles independent design、Integrated innovation of core ability。Xu pumps dioxins south regrets ground say，“All by the team spirit，No such a team，How also doesn't have such a complex system engineering products。”

    “蛟龙”号每一次下潜都伴随着风险，尤其是每个深度的第一次尝试。作为“蛟龙”号第一副总设计师、７０２所副所长的崔维成，在１０００米级、３０００米级、５０００米级和此次７０００米级的海试中，自始至终冲在第一线。

    “dragon”Th each dives are accompanied with risk，Especially the depth of each first try。as“dragon”First, deputy chief designer、702 the deputy director of the CuiWeiCheng，In the 1000-meter level、3000 m level、5000 m and the 7000 m grade level test of the sea，From beginning to end in the first line blunt。

    一批年轻科技人员在工程实践中逐步成长，成为国家海洋装备开发的骨干。“蛟龙”号第一次突破１０００米、３０００米、５０００米及７０００米，都在３３岁的叶聪驾驶下完成的。“当舱门关上的那一刻，所有恐惧和焦虑都随之抛开。潜行在几千米的大洋深处，想得最多的是祖国！”叶聪的话道出了“龙之队”的动力所在。

    A group of young technology personnel in engineering practice gradually grow，Become the backbone of the national Marine equipment development。“dragon”The first breakthrough, 1000 meters、3000 m、5000 m and 7000 m，All 33 YeCong driving in the finish。“When the door closed at that moment，All fear and anxiety are then put aside。Thousands of meters in the oceans stealth depths，Want to most was the motherland！”YeCong words recognizes“dragon”Motive place of the。

    

    求解１２道技术难题 12 ways to solve technical problems

    “蛟龙”号立项之初，我国曾研制过最深载人潜水器只有６００米，从６００米到７０００米，是一次非常困难的技术跨越。徐芑南介绍，正如载人航天器一样，“蛟龙”号也是总体设计和总体集成的。在７０００米的水压下，一元硬币也会压成薄片，研究人员必须设计出能承受水压的壳体、装置，同时要使处在７０００米水下的舱内潜航员仍处于常压环境下。

    “dragon”Th at the beginning of the project，China had developed the deepest ever manned submersibles only 600 meters，From 600 m to 7000 m，Is a very difficult technology across。Xu introduced pumps dioxins south，As of manned spacecraft，“dragon”Also, overall design and overall integration。In the 7000 meters under the pressure，One yuan coin will also pressed into chip，The researchers must design can withstand the pressure of the shell、device，At the same time to make in the 7000 meters underwater cabin still in atmospheric environment silent hunter member。

    据介绍，“蛟龙”号整个项目分为１２个系统，主要包括总体性能、结构设计、航行控制、动力和配电、生命支持、水声通信等，其中１０个系统都由７０２所承担。

    According to introducing，“dragon”Th the whole project is divided into 12 system，Mainly including overall performance、Structure design、Navigation control、Power and the distribution、Life support、Underwater acoustic communication, etc，10 were undertaken by the 702 system。

    每一道难题的解决都挑战着设计人员的智慧极限。以潜水器构型为例，从方案设计、初步设计、详细设计，到进行多个尺度的拖曳试验、下潜上浮试验的优化设计，研究团队经历了数不清的失败。有时为解决一个细节问题，研发人员要熬上两个通宵。

    Every solution are challenged the design personnel wisdom limit。To submersibles configuration for example，The scheme design、Preliminary design、The detailed design，To the scale of multiple drag test、The optimization design of the floating diving test，Research team after countless failures。Sometimes to solve a detail，Research and development personnel to stay up for two all night long。

    “蛟龙”号结构系统主任设计师胡勇介绍，“蛟龙”号如鲨鱼般的身型完全是研究人员独创的，正是凭着这一巧妙的身型，它才能在大洋深处来去自如。

    “dragon”The structure system, director of the HuYong stylist introduction，“dragon”Like sharks, the body model is completely researchers original，It is with the clever body type，Can it be in the ocean depths came back。

    “蛟龙”号有许多独创：稳定的贴近海底自动巡航能力、精确的悬停定位能力、充油蓄电池……

    “dragon”There are many unique number：Stable close to the bottom of the ocean to be automatic cruise ability、Accurate hovering positioning ability、Filling oil storage battery...

    徐芑南说，“蛟龙”号的成功，在于科研团队每个人的心中都怀抱着同样坚定的梦想。

    Xu pumps dioxins south said，“dragon”Th success，Scientific research team in the heart of each one with all the same firm's dream。