提升公共服务，着力改善民生 Promotes the public service，Strive to improve the livelihood of the people
－－解读《国家基本公共服务体系“十二五”规划》四大亮点 -reading《The state's basic public service system“1025”planning》Four large window

    新华社北京７月１９日电（“新华视点”记者 江国成、凌军辉、安蓓）为推进以保障和改善民生为重点的社会建设，建设和谐社会、维护公平正义，国务院近日正式印发了《国家基本公共服务体系“十二五”规划》。

    Beijing, July 19 report（“Xinhua viewpoint”Reporter JiangGuoCheng、LingJunHui、AnBei）To advance to guarantee and improve the livelihood of the people for the focus of the society construction，Construction harmonious society、Justice and equity，The state council has officially launched《The state's basic public service system“1025”planning》。

    这份与老百姓利益密切相关的规划有哪些亮点？如何理解这些制度性安排的具体内涵？为此，新华社“新华视点”记者采访了有关部门负责人及专家学者。

    The common people and closely related to the interests of planning what window？How to understand these institutional arrangements of the specific connotation？For this，The xinhua news agency“Xinhua viewpoint”The reporter interviewed in charge of relevant departments and experts and scholars。

    

    城乡基本公共服务“均贫富” Urban and rural basic public services“Are rich and poor”

    鉴于目前城乡之间基本公共服务存在“贫富不均”现象，《规划》明确要求，“十二五”时期，县（市、区）域内基本公共服务均衡发展基本实现，农村和老少边穷地区基本公共服务明显提高。

    In view of the basic public service exists between urban and rural areas“Inequality between the”phenomenon，《planning》Clear requirements，“1025”period，county（city、area）Basic public service domain the balanced development of basic implementation，The rural and LaoShaoBianQiong region obviously improve the basic public services。

    《规划》同时要求，“经过努力，‘十二五’时期，覆盖城乡居民的基本公共服务体系逐步完善，推进基本公共服务均等化取得明显进展”。

    《planning》At the same time requirements，“After efforts to，‘1025’period，Covering both urban and rural residents of the basic public service system has been improved gradually，Promote equal access to basic public service has made outstanding progress”。

    国家发展和改革委员会有关负责人在接受记者采访时说，《规划》是“十二五”时期政府履行公共服务职责的重要依据。

    The national development and reform commission about chief, told reporters，《planning》is“1025”Period of public service government to fulfill the functions of the important basis。

    发展改革委社会研究所所长杨宜勇认为，《规划》是在科学发展观指导下制订的，反映了全国老百姓的诉求，也是“十二五”规划《纲要》基本公共建设要求的细化和延伸。

    Development and reform committee, director of social YangYiYong think，《planning》Is under the guidance of the scientific concept of the set，The appeal to reflect the common people，Is also“1025”planning《outline》Basic public construction requirements of the refining and extension。

    “通过这样的制度安排，‘十二五’期间改善民生工作将会取得很大进展。”杨宜勇等专家认为，政府在基本公共服务领域花的钱都来自纳税人，要把这些钱花好，切实减轻百姓负担，让更多的人享受发展成果。

    “Through such arrangement of system，‘1025’To improve the livelihood of the people will work during the great progress has been made。”YangYiYong, experts say，The government in the basic public service domain spend the money comes from the taxpayer，To use the money to spend，Earnestly alleviate the burden of the people，Let more people enjoy the fruits of development。

    

    明确支出责任，加大政府投入 Clear spending responsibility，Increase government input

    《规划》提出，合理界定中央与地方政府的基本公共服务事权和支出责任，“并逐步通过法律形式予以明确。”

    《planning》Put forward，Reasonable definition of the central government and the local government powers and responsibilities of basic public services spending responsibility，“And gradually through the legal form to be clear。”

    根据《规划》，国家将增加中央和省级政府在基本公共服务领域的事权和支出责任。强化省级政府在教育、就业、社会保险、社会服务、医疗卫生等领域基本公共服务的支出责任。

    According to《planning》，Countries will increase the central and provincial governments to the basic public services in the powers and responsibilities of spending responsibility。Strengthening the provincial government in education、employment、Social insurance、Social service、Medical health field of basic public services spending responsibility。

    杨宜勇认为，当前还需要加快相关立法，以确保《规划》规划的落实。

    YangYiYong think，At present, there is need to speed up the related legislation，To ensure that《planning》Planning to carry out the。

    专家指出，要达到基本公共服务均等化的目标，所需投入非常巨大。为强化财力保障，《规划》还要求各级政府在制订公共财政预算时“优先安排预算用于基本公共服务，并确保增长速度与财力的增长相匹配、同基本公共服务需求相适应，推进实施按照地区常住人口安排基本公共服务支出。”

    Experts point out that，To achieve the goal of equal access to basic public service，Necessary inputs are very large。In order to strengthen financial security，《planning》Also requires governments at all levels in the formulation of public budget“The priority of the arrangement for the budget for basic public services，And make sure that the growth rate and financial capacity growth match、With basic public service needs to adapt，According to the regions of implementing a permanent population basic public service for spending。”

    为拓宽公共基本服务资金来源，《规划》还提出加大国有资本经营预算用于基本公共服务的支出比重。

    To broaden public basic service funding sources，《planning》Also it puts forward some Suggestions of state-owned capital management budget for basic public service spending proportion。

    

    统一教师待遇，取消重点学校重点班 Unity in teachers' pay to，Cancel the key school ChongDianBan

    为逐步解决我国城乡和区域间基本公共教育不平衡的问题，《规划》提出，将实行县（市、区）域内城乡中小学教师编制和工资待遇同一标准，以及教师、校长交流制度，逐步取消义务教育阶段重点校和重点班。也就是说，到２０１５年，在全国屡遭诟病的重点学校和重点班“大限”将至。

    For resolving rural and urban and regional basic public education imbalance，《planning》Put forward，Will be county（city、area）In the domain of urban and rural primary and secondary school teachers and pay the same standard，And teachers、The principal communication system，Gradually cancel obligation education stage ChongDianJiao and ChongDianBan。That is，By 2015，In the country by repeatedly for the key school of and ChongDianBan“deadline”Will to。

    教育部相关负责人表示，县（市、区）域内教师、校长交流的重点，一是促进热点学校和薄弱学校的师资流动，二是促进城乡学校之间的师资流动。

    The ministry of education officials say，county（city、area）Domain teachers、The headmaster the focus of communication，It is to promote hot schools and weak flow of teachers of the school，2 it is between the city and rural school teachers flow。

    《规划》针对当前我国基本公共教育服务的薄弱环节，提出了实施一系列保障工程，如义务教育标准化建设工程、义务教育教师队伍建设工程、中等职业教育基础能力建设工程等。

    《planning》In view of the current our country basic public education service of the weak link，Put forward the implementing a series of security engineering，Such as obligation education standardization construction project、Compulsory education teachers team construction project、Secondary vocational education foundation ability construction engineering, etc。

    教育部表示，这些保障工程的实施，将进一步改善薄弱学校办学条件，有效缩小城乡区域间教育发展差距，促进基本公共教育服务均等化。

    Ministry of education of the，These security project implementation，Will further improve managerial condition weak school，Effective education development between urban and rural areas narrow the gap，The equal access to the basic public education service to promote。

    南京师范大学副教授殷飞认为，推进教师、校长轮岗交流，是促进教育均衡发展的有力措施，能够有效打破城市学校和农村学校、重点学校和薄弱学校、外来子女学校和本地学校之间的“藩篱”。

    Nanjing normal university, an associate professor YanFei think，Promote teachers'、The headmaster, through exchange，Education is to promote the balanced development of effective measures，Can effectively break city schools and rural schools、The key school and weak school、Foreign children schools and local school of between“barriers”。

    

    公办民办并举,鼓励民资参与 Private and public,Encourage participation in what

    《规划》要求，推动基本公共服务提供主体和提供方式多元化，加快建立政府主导、社会参与、公办民办并举的基本公共服务供给模式。扩大基本公共服务面向社会资本开放的领域，给非公立机构留有合理空间。

    《planning》requirements，Promote basic public service main body and provide ways to diversity，To speed up the establishment of government leading、Social participation、Is business run by the basic public service and supply mode。Expanding basic public service for the society of the opening of the capital area，Give the public institutions have reasonable space。

    权威人士表示，国家鼓励和引导社会资本参与基本公共服务设施建设和运用管理，举办医疗机构和参与公立医院改制，推动社会资本兴办养老和托老等服务。

    Authorities said，The state shall encourage and guide the social capital involving basic public service facilities and management，Conduct medical institutions and participate in public hospital restructuring，Promote social capital by endowment and torre and other services。

    《规划》还要求，积极发展慈善事业，培育慈善组织，完善慈善捐赠的法律法规和税收减免政策，充分发挥慈善机构在基本公共服务提供和筹资等方面的作用。

    《planning》Also requires，Develop charity career，Foster charitable organization，Perfect the laws and regulations of charity and tax cuts，Give full play to the charity in the basic public services and financing, and other aspects of the role。

    权威人士指出，要强化社会公众对基本公共服务供给决策及运营的知情权、参与权和监督权，健全基本公共服务需求表达机制和反馈机制，增加决策透明度。

    Authorities say，To strengthen the social public to basic public services and the operation of the supply decision right to know、Government control and supervision，Sound basic public service system to express the demand and feedback system，Increase the transparency of decision making。