新华社上海７月２３日电（记者杨金志、赖少芬）２０１２年７月３日，上海市金山区金山卫镇星火村村委会办公室，村民财务管理民主理财小组组长俞桂明正在审校一张张报销单据。５年多来，每月３日都是星火村雷打不动的“理财日”，任何一张发票都必须经５位选举产生的村民代表审核。

    Shanghai, July 23 (Reuters)（Reporter YangJinZhi、LaiShaoFen）July 3, 2012，Shanghai jinshan jinshanwei town XingHuoCun village committee office，The villagers financial management democratic finance team leader YuGuiMing is a. submit an expense account one documents。More than five years，3 days XingHuoCun is a month or shine“Financial management,”，Any a invoices must be approved by five elected villagers representatives of the review。

    这座中国村庄的“民主理财”实践，是近年来中国加强和创新社会管理的一个缩影。

    The Chinese villages“Democratic finance”practice，In recent years China is strengthening and innovation a miniature of the social management。

    我国社会形态经过３０多年的改革开放发生了深刻的变化。中国共产党审时度势提出了加强和创新社会管理这一新的课题。２０１１年２月，中央党校专门举行的省部级主要领导干部社会管理及其创新专题研讨班，中央领导同志明确提出，要牢牢把握最大限度激发社会活力、最大限度增加和谐因素、最大限度减少不和谐因素的总要求，以解决影响社会和谐稳定突出问题为突破口，提高社会管理科学化水平，完善党委领导、政府负责、社会协同、公众参与的社会管理格局。

    Our country social form after 30 years of reform and opening-up has changed a lot。The communist party of China put forward to strengthen and innovation of the situation of social management a new problem。February 2011，The central party school at the provincial or ministerial special leading cadres and its main social management innovation project workshop，The central leadership clearly put comrade，Should grip the maximum limit arouse social vitality、Maximize the harmonious factors、Minimize not harmonious factors of total requirements，In order to solve problems affect social harmony and stability for the breach，Improve social scientific management level，Perfect party committee leadership、The government is responsible for、Social coordination、Public participation in social management pattern。

    加强和创新社会管理，必须坚持党的领导，坚持和发扬党的群众路线。去年以来，上海在全市普遍建立党员干部“组团式”联系服务群众制度，基层党组织每年至少走访一遍居民家庭成为“刚性要求”。走的是基层，访的是百姓，这项管理创新使干部的威信得到了提高，群众得到了实惠。

    Strengthen social management and innovation，Must adhere to the party's leadership，Insist on and develop the party's mass line。Since last year，Shanghai universal established the party member cadre in the city“group”Contact the service system，Primary party organizations at least once a year visit family become residents“Rigidity requirements”。Go is the，Visit is the people of，The management innovation to the prestige of the cadre is improved，The masses gained。

    加强和创新社会管理，目的是更好地服务群众。当前，各个地方正在积极引导和扶持各方面力量，围绕与群众生活息息相关的领域，积极开展针对大学生、下岗人员、外来务工人员、老年人、残疾人、特困人员等群体的各种社会服务和主题公益活动。在安徽省合肥市琥珀社区居家养老服务中心，服务人员专门给空巢、孤寡、贫困等特殊老年群体提供免费送餐、定期家庭寻访、家庭照料等“居家养老”服务。群众反映：“服务中心解决了我们的就业问题，缓解了政府的养老压力，促进了社区和谐。”

    Strengthen social management and innovation，The goal is to better serve the masses。The current，Each place is actively guide and support various aspects strength，With the people around the life field，Actively developing in the college students'、Laid-off workers、Migrant workers、Old people、disabled、Strands personnel of various groups such as social service and theme, and public benefit activities。In anhui province in hefei amber community family endowment service center，Service personnel specialized give empty nest、lonely、Poor old people, and other special offers free room、Regular family searched for、Family care, etc“Family endowment”service。The populace reflects：“Service center to solve our employment problem，Easing the government's endowment pressure，To promote the harmonious community。”

    在新的历史时期，各地党委政府愈加重视针对流动人口的服务管理。在长三角、珠三角、环渤海等人口导入区域，不少农民工拿到了颇具“含金量”的居住证，成为“落地生根”的新市民。浙江省嘉兴市在全省统一的居住证之外，还推出了“专业员工居住证”。来自河南的务工人员姚正山说，拿到这个证，孩子读书有一系列优惠政策，他本人也可以申请廉租房或申购小户型经济适用房。

    In the new historical period，Party committees and governments for more attention to all of the service management of the floating population。In the Yangtze river delta、Pearl river delta、Such as population into the bohai sea area，Many migrant workers have got“value”Residence of，become“Take root”Of new citizens。In the province of jiaxing unified outside residence permit，Also launched a“Professional staff residence permit”。The workers to come from henan YaoZhengShan said，Get this card，Children are reading a series of preferential policies，He himself also can apply for low-cost housing or explain buy small family economy is applicable the room。

    在本地人口与外来人口“倒挂”比例达到了１∶６的上海市宝山区顾村镇星星村，公安部门和当地党委政府联合推出实施居民自治共管、进行“社区化”管理，既保障了一方平安，又让本地居民和流动人口融洽相处。

    In the local population and the migrant population“Hangs upside down”Added up to 1, 6 of the Shanghai baoshan gu cun village of stars，The public security bureau and the local party government launched the implementation residents autonomous development、for“community-based”management，Not only guarantees a party peace，And let the local residents and get along with the floating population。

    加强和创新社会管理，“社会协同、公众参与”是关键。当前，我国多个地方积极引入“政府购买服务”机制，培育和引导社会组织参与社会管理，取得显著成效。

    Strengthen social management and innovation，“Social coordination、Public participation in”Is the key。The current，Our country to introduce more places“The government buying services”mechanism，Fostering and guiding social organizations to participate in social management，Achieved remarkable results。

    上海市静安区是社会组织集聚的区域，一大批社会组织的骨干人物在协助政府提供公共服务方面脱颖而出：区帮教协会会长康志坚十几年帮教上千名帮教对象成功融入社会；静安寺街道老年协会会长柏万青走上电视调解各类家庭纠纷，成为人人服气、家喻户晓的“老娘舅”；上海市木兰拳协会会长应美凤是木兰拳的创始人，在全世界数百万爱好者中很有号召力……

    Shanghai is the agglomeration of body social organization area，A large number of social organization the backbone of characters in assisting the government provide public services stand out：Area help and education association, more than ten years KangZhiJian help thousands of help and education object to integrate social success；55-minute elderly association President BaiWanQing took to the streets of TV family dispute mediation，Become convinced everyone、household“Old NianJiu”；Shanghai association should be hoping MeiFeng is hoping to founder，In the world of millions of fans was very powerful...

    在广州、深圳等地，政府购买服务的制度正在逐步完善。２００８年，广州仅有４００万元的政府购买服务基金，至２０１１年已达近８０００万元。而深圳每年向社会组织购买服务超过１亿元，有效提高了服务质量，降低了服务成本。

    In guangzhou、shenzhen，The government buying services system is gradually improved。2008 years，Guangzhou only 4 million yuan of government purchase service fund，To 2011 has reached nearly 80 million yuan。The shenzhen every year to buy the service social organization of more than 100 million yuan，Effectively improve the service quality，Reduce the cost of services。

    中国浦东干部学院教授刘靖北说，加强社会建设，创新社会管理，是上层建筑主动适应经济基础变化的一项重大决策，是巩固共产党执政地位的重要举措。“这项工作的不断深入，必将进一步激发广大群众和全社会的创造活力，为党赢得更坚定、更长远的支持和拥护。”他说。

    China's pudong cadre institute professor LiuJingBei said，To strengthen the social construction，Innovation social management，The superstructure is adapt to the changing economic basis a major decision，Consolidate the communist party is the status is important measures。“The work further，Will further stimulate the masses and the creativity of the whole society，For the party to win more determined、More long-term support and the support。”He said。