7月的南四湖，湖面碧波荡漾，水边芦苇丛生，船桨划过水面泛起洁白的浪花，不远处几个渔民在撒网捕鱼。难以想象，9年前的南四湖，还是水草不生、鱼虾绝迹的“死湖”。南四湖治污是东线治污的一个缩影。

    July NaSiHu of，Rippling the lake，Water reed was，Paddle across the waves of white on the water，Not far away in a few fishermen fishing for。Hard to imagine，The NaSiHu nine years ago，Not born or grasses、Extinct fish“Die lake”。NaSiHu performance is a miniature of the eastern pollution treatment。

    南水北调东线，成败在治污。要把一条条“酱油河”变成清水走廊，被一些专家视为“流域治污第一难”，在世界治污史上也没有先例。

    "South，Success or failure in the performance。To put a“Soy sauce river”Into water corridor，By some experts as“The first difficulty river basin pollution treatment”，In world history also welcomed without precedent。

    9年攻坚，东线治污作出了流域治污典范：沿线河流COD（化学需氧量）平均浓度下降85%以上，氨氮平均浓度下降92%，水质达标率从3%提高到89%。最新监测显示，南水北调东线输水干线水质基本达到Ⅲ类标准。

    9 years crucial，Compared to the eastern river basin pollution treatment model：Along the river COD（Chemical oxygen demand (cod)）Average concentration decreased by more than 85%，Ammonia nitrogen average concentration fell 92%，Water quality success rate increased from 3% to 89%。The latest monitoring shows，"South water lines to the basic Ⅲ kinds of standards to achieve water quality。

    

    铁腕关停，治污关键看决心 Iron shut，Frequent key see determination

    南水北调东线，从长江下游调水到胶东半岛和天津，总长1156公里。按照规划目标，2013年，东线一期工程将全线通水。

    "South，From the lower reaches of Yangtze river diversion of water resources to jiaodong peninsula and tianjin，A total of 1156 kilometres。According to the planning goal，2013 years，A phase of the project will across eastern post-cooling water。

    “南水北调会不成污水北调？”从工程开工就一直有质疑声。

    “The south-to-north water diversion project will be no sewage north to tone？”From the commencement has been have misgivings about。

    怀疑情有可原。山东省环保厅厅长张波分析，以东线必经的南四湖为例，它地处鲁、苏、豫、皖四省接壤之处，入湖53条河流涉及32个县。上世纪90年代，入南四湖一些河流水质严重超标，有的指标甚至超标180倍。所有污水都汇到那里，哪条河治不好，都会影响湖区水质。

    Doubt excusable。Shandong province of HuanBaoTing [analysis，In the course of the necessary NaSiHu for example，It is located in lu、Sue、prepared、Anhui province bordering on place，Article 53 into the lake river involves 32 county。The 1990 s，Into the NaSiHu some river water quality exceeds bid badly，Some even exceed bid 180 times index。All sewage are hui to there，Which river not cure，Will affect the lake water quality。

    治污关键看决心。国务院明确南水北调“先治污后通水”。通过实施工业结构调整、城镇污水处理、截污导流等项目，建立一体化治污体系，确保输水干线水质达到Ⅲ类标准。

    Frequent key see determination。The state council clear the south-to-north water diversion project“After the first welcomed the post-cooling water”。Through the implementation of the industrial structure adjustment、Urban wastewater treatment、Cut corrupt diversion project，Establish integration pollution treatment system，Ensure that the water quality of water lines to Ⅲ standard。

    按照目标任务，江苏、山东两省政府把治污减排任务确定为约束性指标，与调水沿线14个地市签订了治污目标责任书。“十一五”以来，江苏省全面淘汰落后的化学制浆企业和低产能的酒精、淀粉生产线，累计关停沿线化工企业800多家。山东微山县“十一五”以来，先后取缔淘汰落后产能企业38家。

    According to the target task，jiangsu、Shandong provincial government welcomed the two tasks identified as binding emissions reduction index，Along with the water supply and signed a performance goal responsibility pledges。“11”since，Jiangsu province comprehensive backward chemical pulp enterprise and the low alcohol can、Starch production line，Along the cumulative shut the more than 800 chemical enterprise。Shandong WeiShanXian“11”since，Has banned backward production enterprise and home。

    给污水找“出路”。调水沿线实现了一个县至少一座污水处理厂、一座垃圾处理厂。

    To sewage find“Way out”。Along the water implementation of a county at least a wastewater treatment plant、A waste plant。

    截至今年6月底，东线一期工程累计完成投资251.4亿元，占在建工程总投资的84%。目前东线治污规划确定的426项工程已全部完成。

    By the end of June this year，"A phase of the project has been finished investment of 25.14 billion yuan RMB，Accounting for 84% of the total investment in the project under construction。At present welcomed the eastern planning sure 426 project has been finished。

    工程见成效。监测显示，今年1—4月，南水北调东线黄河以南36个控制断面中，有32个达到了规划目标。东线沿线主要污染物排放总量率先大幅下降，干线水质和生态环境得到持续改善。微山县留庄镇农民刘传平说，现在水清了，草绿了，对水质敏感的小银鱼、毛刀鱼又出现了。

    Engineering see results。Monitoring shows，1-4 month this year，"South south of Yellow River 36 control section，32 to plan goal。Along the eastern main pollutants takes the lead in down dramatically，Main water quality and ecological environment continuous improvement。WeiShanXian leave zhuang town farmers LiuChuanPing said，Now the water is clear，CaoLu the，For water quality sensitive small whitebait、MAO DaoYu appeared again。

    

    实施最高严于国标6倍多的地方排放标准 Highest YuGuoBiao strict implementation of the six times more local discharge standards

    东线治污难，难在既要“消存量”，又要“控增量”。

    Compared to eastern，Difficult in both“Away stock”，and“Accused of incremental”。

    国务院南水北调办环保司副司长徐子恺说，专家论证，东线一期工程通水前，全线COD入河量须削减29.0万吨，削减率82%；氨氮入河量削减2.8万吨，削减率84%。另外，东线工程所经地区，大都处于工业化城镇化加速发展的阶段，有的地方没有入海口，污染物要全部“就地消化”。

    The environmental protection department under the state council to chief of south-to-north water transfer project XuZiKai said，Experts demonstrates，"A phase of the project before the post-cooling water，COD is all into the river should be reduced by 290000 tons，Cut rate 82%；Ammonia nitrogen into the river is 28000 tons of cuts，Cut rate 84%。In addition，In the course of the project，Mostly in the industrialization of accelerating urbanization stage，Some places are not to the sea，Pollutants to all“Digested in situ”。

    江苏省融节水、治污、生态环境保护为一体，提出了“严格准入、节水减排、清污分流、应急保障”治污理念。

    Melt water saving in jiangsu province、Pollution treatment、Ecological environment protection as one，Put forward the“Strictly access、Water saving reduction、Shunt rack cleaner、Emergency security”Performance concept。

    徐州是大运河在江苏省的最后一道关口。徐州市环保局副局长王斌说，针对运河航运污染问题，取消散货码头，市区只保留4家整装码头，减少航运油污污染。

    Xuzhou is the grand canal in jiangsu province in the last and pass。Xuzhou environmental protection bureau deputy director wang bin said，According to the canal shipping pollution problem，Cancel the bulk cargo wharf，The city to keep only four get ready to dock，Reduce shipping oil pollution。

    创新水环境补偿机制。自2010年起，江苏省在南水北调沿线实施区域补偿，明确重要跨境断面的治污责任，对水质达不到目标要求的断面，由上游政府给予下游政府资金补偿。

    Innovation water environment compensation mechanism。Since 2010，Jiangsu province in the south-to-north water transfer project implementation along regional compensation，Clear important cross-border sections of performance responsibility，Water quality can not reach the goals of the section，By the government to government funds upstream downstream compensation。

    山东省逐步探索出“治、用、保”系统推进的流域治污体系，2006年在全国率先实施了严于国家标准的地方排放标准，其中COD排放最高严于国标6倍多。

    Shandong province explore out gradually“Put to、with、the”System of river basin of pollution treatment system，In 2006, the national implementation of more stringent than the national standard of the local discharge standards，COD emissions of the highest YuGuoBiao 6 times more strict。

    创新生态治理。山东在南四湖开始退耕还湿、退渔还湖，种植芦竹、杞柳等湿地作物，目前湿地面积已经达到15万亩。山东省南水北调建管局副局长王安德说：“达标排放的工业废水，经过湿地净化，COD的去除率约为50%，总磷的去除率为60%，最终以Ⅲ类水标准排入南四湖。”

    Ecological management innovation。Shandong is in NaSiHu began to restoring wet、Farmland back fishing，Planting LuZhu、QiLiu wetland plant etc，Wetland area at present has reached 150000 mu。Shandong province JianGuanJu south-to-north water transfer project, deputy director of the WangAnDe said：“The industrial waste water discharged，After wetland purification，COD removal rate of about 50%，The total phosphorus removal rate of 60%，Final with Ⅲ class standard NaSiHu into the water。”

    工程措施、非工程措施与生态措施并举，东线治污正逐步由工程治理向综合治理转变。

    Engineering measures、Non-structural measures and ecological measures simultaneously，Gradually the pollution treatment eastern by project management to comprehensive management change。

    

    在经济发展与环境成本之间寻找平衡点 In the economic development and the environment for balance between cost

    在经济发展与环境成本之间，如何找到一个平衡点，考验着沿线各地政府的智慧。

    In the economic development and the environment between cost，How to find a balance point，Tests the local government wisdom along。

    治污也要发展。老工业基地徐州，加快转变发展方式，5年来全市162家企业开展了清洁生产，直接经济效益11.66亿元，产业结构由重变轻，层次由低变高。山东的造纸企业最多时有500多家，现在仅剩10家左右，但是产业规模却是原来的3.5倍，利税是原来的4倍，技术水平领先全国至少5年。

    Performance also want to development。The old industrial base of xuzhou，To speed up the development mode of change，Five years in the 162 enterprises clean production，Direct economic benefits 1.166 billion yuan，By the heavy industrial structure lighter，By low level is high。Shandong most of papermaking enterprises has many 500，Now with only 10 or so，But industry scale is the original 3.5 times，Profit tax is the original 4 times，Technology leading national at least five years。

    治污并未影响发展。2002年到2011年，山东省南水北调沿线22个考核断面水质高锰酸盐指数和氨氮浓度年均改善12.7%和21.2%，而沿线市县GDP年均增长18.2%。

    Performance does not affect development。2002 in 2011 to in，Shandong province along the south-to-north water transfer project 22 assessment section water quality potassium permanganate index and ammonia nitrogen annual improve concentration 12.7% and 21.2%，And along the city and county GDP average annual growth of 18.2%。

    治污是一个动态过程，一项长期任务。虽然东线治污取得明显成效，但目前仍有4个考核断面没有稳定达标。目前东线污染结构发生新变化，农业面源污染、养殖污染、航运污染等问题凸显。

    Performance is a dynamic process，A long-term task。Although the course of the frequent achievements，But there are four assessment section no stable standards。At present the pollution structure in eastern new changes，Agricultural non-point source pollution、Breeding pollution、Shipping pollution highlight。

    针对当前不能稳定达标控制单元，两省分别制定了水质达标补充方案，纳入淮河流域水污染防治“十二五”规划。江苏将重点安排城镇污水处理、面源污染治理等项目，对重点地区实行环保区域限批，2013年前再完成新增治污项目87项。山东将沿线污水处理厂全部升级到1级A标准，到2012年底彻底取消环湖人工投饵网箱、围网养鱼。

    In view of the current standard control unit can not stable，Two provinces were developed the water quality standard supplement plan，Included in the prevention and control of water pollution in the huaihe river basin“1025”planning。Jiangsu arrangement will focus on urban sewage treatment、Non-point source pollution control and other projects，Key areas of environmental protection area limited approval，2013 years ago to complete welcomed a new project 87。Shandong will all along the sewage treatment plant upgrading to grade 1 A standard，By the end of 2012 the canceled entirely artificial cages throw the bait、Fence fish。

    确保一泓清水北调，南水北调东线治污还在继续。 （记者 赵永平）

    Ensure that neither clear ShuiBei tone，"South performance continues。 （Reporter ZhaoYongPing）