新华社北京８月６日电（记者孙铁翔）记者６日从国家人口计生委获悉，国家人口计生委日前发布《中国流动人口发展报告２０１２》。《报告》指出，当前，我国的城镇人口比重超过５０％，流动人口规模达到历史新高，流动人口流量、流向、结构和流动人口群体的利益诉求都在发生深刻变化。２０１１年，我国流动人口总量已接近２．３亿，占全国总人口的１７％。

    Beijing, aug. 6 (Reuters)（Reporter SunTieXiang）Reporter 6, national population state family planning commission from that，The national population state family planning commission to released《China's migrant development report 2012》。《report》Points out that，The current，The proportion of the urban population in China more than 50%，The scale of the floating population to a record high，Floating population flow、flow、Structure of the floating population and the benefit of the group are in demand changes。2011 years，The total amount of the floating population in our country has close to 230 million，17% of the country's population。

    《报告》显示，当前，我国流动人口的平均年龄约为２８岁，“８０后”新生代农民工已占劳动年龄流动人口的近一半。其中占据主体的新生代农村户籍流动人口，大多数在城市成长，基本不懂农业生产，即使经济形势波动，城市就业形势不好，他们也不大可能返乡务农。

    《report》shows，The current，The average age of the floating population in our country is about 28 years old，“After 80”The new generation of peasant workers have working age population flow of nearly half。One of the main body of the new generation occupy rural household register floating population，Most in the urban growth，Basic don't understand agricultural production，Even if the economic situation fluctuations，The urban employment situation is not good，They are unlikely to return to the land。

    同时，当前我国流动人口在流入地生活、就业更加趋于稳定。超过三成的流动人口在流入地居住生活时间超过５年，从事目前工作的平均时间接近４年，全年平均回老家不足２次。流动人口在流入地的平均家庭规模达到２．５人，青少年流动人口和老年流动人口数量不断增加。７２％的流动人口家庭通过租房居住，尤以租住私房为多。住房条件和子女教育正在成为影响流动人口在城镇稳定生活的重要因素。

    At the same time，The floating population in our country in life defined、Employment more stable。More than thirty percent of the floating population live in the defined time more than five years，Now the average time engaged in work almost four years，An average of less than 2 times annual trip home。Floating population in the average family size defined reached 2.5，Older teenagers floating population and a growing number of the floating population。72% of the floating population families through the rent to live，Especially in private rented for many。Housing conditions and children education is becoming the floating population stable in town influence life of important factor。

    据介绍，尽管２０１１年我国流动人口参加各类社会保险的比重稳中有升，但就业流动人口在流入地的养老保险、医疗保险、工伤保险、失业保险、生育保险和住房公积金（“五险一金”）的参加比重均不超过３０％。流动人口的工作时间普遍较长，平均每周工作５４．６小时，远超过劳动法规定的每周４０小时的工作时间。此外，流动人口劳动合同签订率普遍较低，仅有５１．３％签订有固定期限劳动合同，而未签订劳动合同的比例超过３０％。

    According to introducing，Although in 2011, floating population to participate in various social insurance are the proportion，But employment floating population in the endowment insurance of defined、Medical insurance、Inductrial injury insurance、Unemployment insurance、Birth insurance and housing fund（“Five risks a gold”）The proportion of all to no more than 30%。The working time of the floating population is generally long，An average 54.6 hours a week，Labor law is far more than the 40 hours per week working time。In addition，Floating population the labor contract rate is generally low，Only 51.3% enter into a fixed term contract，And did not sign labor contract ratio of more than 30%。

    《报告》称，大多数流动人口关心流入地的发展和变化，融入当地社会意愿强烈。但流动人口与流入地其他社会群体交流却并不多，社会参与渠道较少。其中，３５％的流动人口从未参加现居住地举办的任何活动；流动人口在现居住地参加选举、评先进以及业主委员会活动的比例较低，均不足１０％。

    《report》says，Most of the floating population concerned about the development and change defined，Into local society will strongly。But floating population and other social group defined but not much communication，Social participation channels for less。Among them，35% of the floating population never attend any activities held reside a dwelling place；Floating population in reside a dwelling place to take part in the election、The advanced and the owners' committee, the activities of the low proportion，All less than 10%。

    此外，目前，我国农村户籍流动人口约占流动人口总量的８０％。《报告》预测，我国农村劳动力向城镇转移的步伐未来将逐步趋于平稳， ２０２０年我国城镇化率将达到６０％左右，在本世纪中叶，城镇化也将会进入平稳发展阶段。未来十年全国城镇人口年均增加１３００万－１６００万，其中，农村转移人口１０００万－１３００万。

    In addition，At present，China's rural household registration of the floating population floating population accounts for about 80% of the total。《report》forecast，China's rural labor transfer to cities and towns, the pace of the future will gradually become stable， 2020 China's urbanization rate will reach 60%，In the middle of the century，Urbanization will also enter the steady development stage。Over the next ten years the annual average increase urban population of 13 million-16 million，Among them，The rural population transfer 10 million-13 million。

    国家人口计生委负责人介绍，《报告》还深入分析了新生代流动人口婚恋、生育及流动人口计划生育服务管理情况，总结了各地推进流动人口基本公共服务均等化的实践经验，并汇集了中国与德国人口挑战和社会融合合作项目在移民管理、城镇化、家庭发展方面的研究成果，提出了引导人口有序迁移、提高人口管理科学化水平的政策措施。

    The national population state family planning commission chief introduction，《report》Also discusses deeply the new generation floating population marriage、Birth of the floating population and family planning service management situation，Summary of the floating population around the equal access to basic public service practice experience，And China and Germany brings together the population challenge and social integration in immigration management cooperation project、urbanization、Family development research achievements，Put forward the guide population migration and orderly、Improve the scientific management of the population level of policy measures。

“北上广”青年流动人口生活状态总体好于全国同龄流动人口平均水平 “North wide”Youth floating population overall good life state in the average age of the floating population

    新华社北京８月６日电（记者孙铁翔）据国家人口计生委６日发布的《中国流动人口发展报告２０１２》显示，“北上广”（北京、上海、广州三市简称）３５岁以下青年流动人口在收入、学历、社会保障等方面生活状态总体上高于全国同龄流动人口平均水平，但也面临住房压力巨大、生活消费支出大、娱乐休闲状况有待改善等问题。

    Beijing, aug. 6 (Reuters)（Reporter SunTieXiang）According to the state population state family planning commission released 6,《China's migrant development report 2012》shows，“North wide”（Beijing、Shanghai、Guangzhou as the three cities）People under 35 years old of floating population in income、degree、Social insurance, and so on life in general state above the national average age of the floating population，But also faces pressure housing、Life consumer spending、Entertainment and leisure situation remained to be improved。

    《报告》称，目前，北京的青年流动人口月收入为３２８０元，上海３００６元，都超出全国同龄流动人口２５１３元的平均水平，广州略低，为２４７０元。在本科及以上学历的人员中，“北上广”三市的青年流动人口月收入分别达５６５２元、５７５６元、６５６９元，超过４６０８元的全国平均水平。

    《report》says，At present，Beijing youth population flow on income for 3280 yuan，Shanghai 3006 yuan，The same age group, are beyond the floating population average of 2513 yuan，Guangzhou slightly low，For $2470。Bachelor degree or above in the personnel，“North wide”The youth of the three cities of the floating population respectively on income of 5652 yuan、$5756、$6569，More than 4608 yuan of the national average。

    在就业方面，“北上广”青年流动人口从事金融地产、教科文卫体等高薪或知识技术密集型行业的比重明显高于全国平均水平，北京尤为明显。其中，上海、广州的青年流动人口以从事制造业为主，约占四成左右，其次是批发零售、社会服务等行业。而北京从事制造业的比重明显较低。

    In the employment，“North wide”Youth floating population in the financial real estate、Such as education, science, arts and health body high salary or knowledge technology intensive industry was higher than the proportion of the national average，Beijing is especially clear。Among them，Shanghai、Guangzhou youth floating population engaged in manufacturing industry to give priority to，About forty percent or so，Next is the wholesale and retail、Social services, etc。But Beijing is engaged in manufacturing the proportion of significantly lower。

    此外，从找到工作的渠道来看，“北上广”三市的青年流动人口除通过自己或家人、亲戚、朋友等外，利用互联网寻找工作的比例较高。特别是北京、上海的高学历人群，与同城的老一代流动人口或者全国同龄流动人口相比，更加倾向于利用互联网寻找工作。

    In addition，From the channel to see find work，“North wide”The youth of the three cities of the floating population by yourself or family except、relatives、ACTS friends，Use the Internet to look for the higher percentage of work。Especially in Beijing、Shanghai highly educated people，Battle of the old generation of floating population or the same age group compared to the floating population，More likely to use the Internet to find work。

    在社会保障方面，“北上广”青年流动人口社会保障情况好于全国流动人口平均水平。以北京为例，青年流动人口参加养老、工伤、失业保险的比例都只有同城同龄户籍人口的一半左右，生育保险和住房公积金只有户籍人口的１／３。但北京的青年流动人口保障程度仍是全国同龄流动人口中最好的。

    In social security，“North wide”Youth to the social security of floating population situation well in average level of the floating population。For example Beijing，Youth floating population to attend endowment、Inductrial injury、The proportion of unemployment insurance only half of the population of the city of census register their peers around，Birth insurance and housing fund only one third of the country's population census register。But Beijing youth floating population is still ensure degree of the same age group in the best of the floating population。

    在子女基础教育保障方面，“北上广”青年流动人口中，有超过６０％的人把孩子带在身边，与其他地方基本相同。从７—１３岁随迁儿童入学的类型分布来看，在北京，有８２．４％的随迁儿童进入公立学校就读，略高于７９．５％的全国平均水平；在广州，５５．７％就读公立学校，３９．６％就读私立学校。值得关注的是，“北上广”分别有３．５％、５．１％、５．３％的随迁儿童既未入学也未入托，都高于２．１％的全国平均水平。

    Basic education in their children's care，“North wide”Youth among the floating population，More than 60% of the people to have their children in the side，And other basic same place。From 7 to 13 years old children's school SuiQian the types of distribution and see，In Beijing，82.4% of SuiQian children in public schools，Slightly higher than the national average of 79.5%；In guangzhou，55.7% attend public schools，39.6% attend private school。There is concern，“North wide”3.5%、5.1%、5.3% of SuiQian children are both not entrance also not children，Is higher than the 2.1% of the national average。

我国新生代农民工婚育行为呈现新特征 The new generation migrant workers in China parity behavior shows new features
外出务工后结婚同比为老一代农民工的２倍 Migrant workers for the old peasant workers get married up after the 2 times

    新华社北京８月６日电（记者孙铁翔）据国家人口计生委６日发布的《中国流动人口发展报告２０１２》显示，近年来农民工群体出现代际分化，新生代农民工开始成为主体。这些新生代农民工出现“先流动，后结婚”、初婚年龄推迟、跨省婚姻比例逐步扩展、婚前怀孕现象较为普遍等婚育行为新特征。

    Beijing, aug. 6 (Reuters)（Reporter SunTieXiang）According to the state population state family planning commission released 6,《China's migrant development report 2012》shows，In recent years the peasant-workers appear intergenerational differentiation，The new generation migrant workers start to become the main body。These new generation appear migrant workers“First flow，Married after”、First marriage age is delayed、Trans-provincial marriage proportion has expanded step by step、Premarital pregnancy was common examination new features such as behavior。

    据２０１１年国家人口计生委流动人口动态监测数据显示，１９８０年以后出生的农民工已占劳动年龄农民工的４４．８４％。其中，新生代（３０周岁以下）与老一代（３０周岁以上）农民工相比，新生代农民工外出务工时间更为提前。在已婚新生代农民工中，超过５０％外出务工后结婚，同比为老一代农民工的２倍。

    According to the 2011 national population state family planning commission floating population data showed that the dynamic monitoring，Born after 1980 migrant workers have accounted for 44.84% of the working age migrant workers。Among them，New generation（Under the age of 30）And the old（More than 30 one full year of life）Than rural migrant workers，The new generation migrant workers migrant time more in advance。The new generation of migrant workers in married，More than 50% of migrant workers and then get married，For the old generation of migrant workers year-on-year 2 times。

    《报告》显示，随着工作生活方式及婚育观念的转变，新生代农民工初婚年龄普遍推迟，监测数据显示，老一代农民工在２３周岁以前初婚的占５０％以上，新生代在２３周岁以前初婚的仅占３５％。与此相应，新生代农民工跨省婚姻的比例要显著地高于老一代农民工。新生代农民工中跨省婚姻（夫妇双方户籍地属于不同省份）的比例达到９．７３％，１９８６年以后出生（２５周岁及以下）已婚人群中，跨省婚姻的比例均超过１０％，而老一代农民工中跨省婚姻的比例仅为４．０８％。

    《report》shows，Work with the lifestyle and the transformation of the notion of parity，The new generation migrant workers age at first marriage generally put off，Monitoring data shows，The old peasant workers in 23 years old before the first marriage is more than 50%，The new generation in 23 years old before the first marriage just 35%。Corresponding to this，The new generation across the province of the proportion of the migrant workers marriage to significantly higher than the old peasant workers。The new generation of migrant workers across the province marriage（Couple assess belong to different provinces）9.73% of the，Born after 1986（25 and under）Married people in，The proportion of marriage across the province are over 10%，And the old peasant workers across the province in the proportion of marriage is only 4.08%。

    此外，由于新生代农民工在城市接触更为现代化的思想观念，对于婚恋与性行为的态度逐渐发生变化。监测数据显示，新生代农民工婚前怀孕的比例占４２．７％，比老一代农民工高１６个百分点。

    In addition，Because the new generation peasant workers in the city of ideas are more modern contact，For love and marriage and sexual behavior attitude change gradually。Monitoring data shows，The new generation before the proportion of rural migrant workers pregnant accounted for 42.7%，The old peasant workers than high 16%。