一部新电影，选择看或者不看，或许在拿主意前，你会先看看一些影评人对这部电影的评价。然而据调查，影评人这三个字，如今在业内已经接近贬义词：枪手稿、红包稿、人情稿，中国的影评泛滥成灾，坏品位、做宣传、博口碑，缺少独立批判精神的中国影评人已经处于变质的边缘……

A new film，Choose to read or watch it，Perhaps in before to decide what to do，You will see some critic of the film evaluation。But according to investigation，Critic these three words，Now in the industry has been close to the derogatory term：Gun manuscript、Red envelope draft、Human draft，China's critics is in flood，Bad taste、Do propaganda、Bo reputation，Lack of independent of critical spirit has been in a bad Chinese critic edge......

　　

比较 comparison

　　

中国影评人的地位先天不足 The status of China's critic congenital deficiency

　　提到影评人，不得不说法国新浪潮电影的起源。上世纪50年代末到60年代初，法国新浪潮代表导演特吕弗、戈达尔均是当时法国著名的电影杂志《电影手册》的影评人，这些年轻人没有经过科班的电影知识学习，作为电影的狂热爱好者，他们经常为一些激进的杂志撰稿，肆无忌惮地攻击一些保守的电影导演。

Mentioned critic，Have to say the French new wave movies origins。The 1950 s to the early s，The French new wave, representative director lu eph、Gorbachev of darfur are France was the famous movie magazines《Movie manual》critic，These young people are not after the regular professional training film knowledge study，As a movie enthusiasts，They often for some radical magazines，Unbridled ground attack some conservative film director。

　　在美国，影评人和电影研究这门学科挂钩可以从上世纪70年代开始追溯，一些大学有专门的影评专业，美国著名的奥斯卡奖评奖制度就与美国的影评人密不可分。

In the United States，Film critic and study the subject hook can trace back to the beginning in the 1970 s，Some university have special professional critics，The famous Oscar awards system with the United States is closely related to the critic。

　　中国作为一个发展中国家，电影产业与欧洲国家相比，本身就具有技术上的落后与理论上的先天不足。目前活跃在中国评论界的影评人大多数是70年代出生的电影发烧友，他们从书写对电影的观后感开始，这个群体也并不像西方国家那样具备行业性，更无从提及影响中国电影。

China, as a developing country，The film industry and the European countries，Itself has technical backwardness and congenital deficiency of theory。Most active in the most critical critic is born in the 70 s movie fans，They write for the movie about it from the start，This group is not like western countries that have the industry，Don't mention more influence Chinese film。

　　不过，70后的中国影评人却带热了网络论坛，一群喜爱电影艺术的文艺青年作为电影的发烧友在各大论坛的电影版发帖，诉说自己对电影的见解。初级阶段的写作他们既不为读者也不为观众负责，而是对自己的喜好负责，久而久之，他们在论坛上的ID或杂志、报刊上的笔名，就已经具备了影评人的轨迹，在圈内成了一种引领电影潮流的符号。

but，70 Chinese critic, with hot network BBS，A group of love of the art of the literary youth as a movie in the BBS of enthusiasts film version of Posting，Tell oneself the movie's opinions。In the initial stage of writing they neither for readers will not responsible for for the audience，But to his be fond of responsible，As time passes，They in the BBS ID or magazines、The pseudonym of newspapers and periodicals，Have critic of the track，In the circle becomes a leading the trend of the movie symbols。

　　

突变 mutations

　　

大部分影评人被制片方“招安” Most of the critic was the producers“ZhaoAn”

　　随着传统媒体的没落，加上十年间物价飞涨、媒体工资和稿费却保持原封不动的现实下，很多身在娱乐圈的影评人纷纷跳槽，去做更有利可图的电影营销和电影宣传。网络时代的迅速发展以及单一电影网站，如豆瓣网、时光网的兴起，让影评人的门槛变低，甚至没有门槛。新兴的影评人要引人瞩目，选择偏激性观点是常态。

With the demise of the traditional media，Ten years and rising prices、Media wages and the payment of reality but keep intact，A lot of the body in the entertainment circle in the critic jumping ship，To do the more profitable movie marketing and advertising films。The rapid development of the network times, and a single movie website，Such as supplied nets、The rise of yuli when，Let the threshold of the critic is low，Not even the threshold。The emerging critic to eye-catching，Choose extreme viewpoint is the norm。

　　另一方面，微博的诞生，更加速了“人人都是影评人”的景观。大部分影评人被制片方“招安”而说违心话，因此出现了“体制内的影评人”这一称号，影评人为吃影片宣传这碗饭而失去了作为影评人做本真的立场。

On the other hand，Micro bo's birth，More accelerated the“Everyone is critic”landscape。Most of the critic was the producers“ZhaoAn”But said words against his will，So there was a“The critic in the system”The title，Critic to eat this rice and propaganda film lost as a critic of the true do position。

　　可以这么说，影评人的公信力现在已经到达了前所未有的低谷，在人人号称影评人的时代，谁再说自己是影评人，别人的第一反应居然是：收红包的。在不久前结束的上海电影节有这么一个段子：在期间举行的“独立影评人”论坛中，当主持人就“中国有没有独立影评人这一概念”向观众求证时，有人回应：“国内只有拿红包的影评人！”让现场气氛陷入尴尬。

Can say so，The credibility of the critic now has reached the unprecedented lows，Everyone in the era of so-called critic，Who say he is critic，Others first reaction is incredibly：Charge of red envelopes。The end of the Shanghai film festival in not long ago have so a joke：In the held during“Independent critic”BBS in，When the host is“China have a independent critic this concept”When verification to the audience，Someone response：“Domestic only take red envelope critic！”Let the atmosphere in an awkward situation。

　　

现状 status

　　

影评人收红包成公开秘密 The critic red envelope into open secret

　　从媒体人转行成为资深电影宣传F先生算过这么一笔账，“每次接受国产片的宣传，片商都要求我们请影评人来助阵，并且他们心中有固定的影评人排位，以北京为例，活跃的有影响力的影评人最多不超过二十位，而不是每一位都有资格拿到1000元的红包，就算请20位影评人，每位都是1000元的费用，也就是两万，但我们请的记者数目远远比影评人的数目多，实际上给记者的总花费比影评人少。”

From the media people turned senior film publicity as Mr. F. calculate such a bill，“Every time GuoChanPian accept the propaganda，Producers require we please critic to supporting her，And they have fixed critic in the session，For example Beijing，Active influential critic shall not exceed twenty bits，But not every one has the qualification to get to 1000 yuan of red envelopes，Even if please 20 a critic，Each is $1000 cost，That's twenty thousand，But we please reporter is far more than the number of critics number，Actually give reporters than the total cost of less critic。”

　　其实，影评人收红包，已经是公开的秘密，影评人彼此之间对此现象的谈论也不忌讳。另一位业内人士W小姐透露“2010年电影《孔子》做宣传时，出于对主流媒体一定会猛批这片的了解，非常在意收买影评人，为此举行了一次小范围的影评人试片，请来了十个人左右吧，给出了高达6000元一份的红包，当时还有拿到钱的影评人和没去试片会的影评人炫耀，杨子出品的《白蛇传说》也是，给影评人的红包是5000元一份。”

In fact，Critic accept red envelopes，Is an open secret，Critic of this phenomenon between each other about also not taboo。Another industry insiders said miss W“The 2010 movie《Confucius》Do promotion，Out of the mainstream media will be fierce batch of this piece of understanding，Very much buy critic，Therefore held a small range of specimens, the critic，Please come ten or so it，Gives as high as 6000 yuan of a red envelope，At that time and get the money didn't go to try and critic critic will show off，Product of Yang zi《Tale of the white snake said》Is also，The red envelopes to critic is 5000 yuan a。”

　　电影圈不大，影评人圈子更小，当下很多影评人与某些导演私下关系熟络，评论起来自然留点面子，影评人R先生无奈地说“比如《画皮2》，怎么样，我看完《画皮2》也不说它好还是不好，主要就围绕一句针对15-25岁女观众，这部片会很卖座。”也正因如此，中国影评界出现了越来越多不痛不痒，无法一针见血的人情稿。

Little films，Critic more small circles，Then many critic and some private intimate relations director，Comment up natural save face，Critic R helplessly say Mr“For example《2 different》，how，I saw the《2 different》Also don't say it good or bad，Mainly for around a 15-25 years old female audience，This expansion is a great draw。”Also because of such，China's critics landscape has more and more pain not to itch，Can't hit the nail on the head of the human draft。

　　

出位 piece

　　

写影评是为了进入这个行业 Write to enter the industry critics

　　转行做更赚钱的事，是目前多数尚活跃在影评界的中国影评人的心声。几乎所有受访的影评人都必提这么一个前提：“中国稿费标准太低，如果影评人不收红包，必定饿死。”

Turned more profitable thing to do，Is the most is still active in the world of film critics of their Chinese critic。Almost all the surveyed critic will ask such a premise：“China the payment standard is too low，If critic don't accept a red envelope，Will starve to death。”

　　而达到拿高数额红包的影评人的发迹轨迹，影评人这个词对这类人而言，已经成为其向编剧递进的踏板。其中一些北上而来的影评人经过在京城两三年的打拼，已经在北京买了房子，实现了温饱，并掌握了一些电影人资源后，成为电影编剧并不是太难的事。于是，一个更奇妙的怪圈形成了，影评人参与编剧、制作的电影，在进行发现和宣传时，依然依靠影评人圈子的人际关系网在为此片进行口碑营销，不论片子的成败、难以分辨是否真实的交口现象依旧是中国电影评论界无法规避的问题。G先生的观点是“你看现在上某些节目的人，几乎每个人都挂着影评人的头衔，影评人能怎么办？破罐子破摔还是充耳不闻？转行吧，转行干吗？已经脱不了这个圈子了，不如进军一个更容易被骂得范畴，当编剧吧。”

And to achieve high amount of red envelopes with the prosperity of the critic path，Critic for this kind of the word people，Has become the pedal to progressive writers。Some of the north and to the critic in capital after two or three years to fight，Has bought an apartment in Beijing，Realized the food and clothing，And master some filmmakers after resources，As the movies and not too difficult。so，A more wonderful circle formed，Critic participate in writers、Film made，In the discovery and propaganda，Still rely on critic of the circle of relationships for this piece for "word-of-mouth marketing，No matter the success or failure of the film、Hard to tell whether the appreciation of real phenomenon is still the Chinese movie critics impossible to avoid problems。Mr. G is of the opinion“You see now on some of the programs，Almost everyone hung critic title，Critic to do？Broken falls or deaf？Turned it，Why turned？Have to take off this circle，As into a more easily to be scold the category，When screenwriter,。”

　　

影响 influence

　　

对导演和票房的影响微乎其微 For the director and little impact on the box office

　　有这么一个段子，说可以追溯到北京电影学院的教授，老艺术家郑洞天、倪震。据说当时张艺谋在拍《红高粱》，拿给郑、倪两位老师看，结果被臭骂一顿，骂得张艺谋都不敢抬头说话，没想到张艺谋《红高粱》送到国外电影节参展，遍地开花，两位前辈傻眼了。

With such a joke，Said can be traced back to the Beijing film academy professor，ZhengDongTian old artist、NiZhen。It was said that zhang in the making《GongGaoLiang》，To zheng、Ni two teachers look，The results be scold your meal，Scold not speak up zhang，Didn't think zhang《GongGaoLiang》To the foreign film festival，Blossom everywhere，Two senior was dumbfounded。

　　段子归段子，中国影评人，不论是学术派还是民间派，都没能成为影响导演制作方向的旗帜或者是中国电影节奖项的风向标。很多国内的一线导演，在接受媒体的访问时都表示出丝毫不关心影评人对他们的谩骂或褒奖，却遭在帮导演做事的某位影评人吐槽：“国内的一线导演，包括陈凯歌、姜文，陈凯歌在经历《无极》之前，姜文在经历《太阳照常升起》之前，都不在乎媒体和影评人。

Riff to riff，China critic，Both academic pie or folk pie，Could not be influence the direction of the director made banner or is the leader of China film festival award。Many domestic first director，In an interview with the media are expressed don't really care critic of their abuse or rewards，But in the work for director was a critic vomit slots：“Domestic a line director，Including Chen kaige、jiangwen，Chen kaige experience in《promise》before，Jiangwen experience in《The sun also rises》before，All don't care the media and critic。

　　那么，究竟有多少观众是看了电影网站上相关影评的好评才选择走进电影院的？记者在广州和北京4家具有代表性的影院抽样调查显示，完全无视影评人的观众分别为67%，63%，60%和44%，占据了绝大多数，而影评能左右他们看片选择的，只有零零星星几个人。有趣的一点是，表示受影评影响一般的人群中又有很大一部分是在掏钱进影院看过影评之后，才回过头去上网看该片的影评。

so，How much is the audience saw the movie website related critics praise to choose go to cinema？Reporter in guangzhou and Beijing four representative cinema sampling survey，Completely ignored the critic audience were 67%，63%，60% and 44%，Occupy the most，But critics around the film they can choose，Only a few people were。The interesting thing is，Said by critics of the people in the general effect and there is a large part of the money into theaters seen after critics，Just go back and read online film critics。