中国“蛟龙”任重道远 China“dragon”Still has a
——“蛟龙”号７０００米级海试凯旋之际专访海试现场总指挥刘峰 --“dragon”# 7000 meters of sea level to try try the interview the triumph LiuFeng commander in chief

    新华社山东青岛７月１６日电（记者罗沙 刘奕湛）我国“蛟龙”号载人潜水器在圆满完成７０００米级海试全部任务后，于１６日回到山东青岛。在“蛟龙”号成功完成从１０００米级到７０００米级的全部海试任务，即将进入试验性应用阶段之际，“蛟龙”号项目总体组组长、海试现场总指挥刘峰就相关问题接受了新华社记者采访。

    The xinhua news agency shandong Qingdao July 16（Reporter LuoSha LiuYiZhan）Our country“dragon”Manned submersibles satisfactory completion of the 7000 meters in the sea level to try after all tasks，In the 16 th back to shandong Qingdao。in“dragon”Successful completion, from 1000 meters to 7000 meters of grade level to try all the task，Is about to enter the stage of trial applications，“dragon”Th ZongTiZu project team leader、The sea is the commander in chief LiuFeng try the problems related to the accepted xinhua reporters。

    

    培训潜航员是下阶段重要任务 The next stage is silent hunter member training important tasks

    记者：“蛟龙”号在完成全部１０００米级到７０００米级海试任务后，下一步将有什么计划？

    reporter：“dragon”In all 1000 meters, finish level to 7000 m level to try after the task，The next step will be, what's the plan？

    刘峰：“蛟龙”号在７０００米级海试中创造了我国载人深潜新纪录，实现了我国深海技术发展的新突破和重大跨越，标志着我国深海载人技术达到国际领先水平。本次海试取得了宝贵的海底地质样品、生物样品、沉积物样品和水样，以及大量的海底影像资料，这是目前世界科学家利用载人潜水器首次在马里亚纳海沟７０００米深度海底获得的第一手宝贵资料，充分证明了“蛟龙”号所具备的优越海底作业能力。

    LiuFeng：“dragon”In the 7000-meter level, the test of the China manned scuba diving create new record，Realized our country deep sea technology development new breakthrough and great leap，Showing that China's deep manned technology achieved the international advanced level。The sea has made the bottom of the precious try geological samples、Biological samples、Sediment samples and water samples，And a lot of the image data，This is the world and the scientists use manned submersibles mariana trench for the first time in 7000 meters deep underwater get first-hand valuable information，Fully demonstrated“dragon”Th has the superior ability the homework。

    海试阶段完成后，“蛟龙”号将进入为期３年的试验和应用相结合的时期。在这个阶段内，“蛟龙”号将逐步开展试验性的应用，同时对操作规程等进行进一步改进。

    Try the stage complete，“dragon”Number will enter into a 3 years of experiment and application of combining the period。In this term，“dragon”Numbers will be gradually carrying experimental applications，At the same time to further improve the operation procedures, etc。

    目前我国自行培养的、能够驾驶“蛟龙”号的职业潜航员只有两名，因此选拔和培养我国潜航员队伍将是接下来的一个重要而紧迫的任务。“蛟龙”号潜航员的选拔标准相当严格，除了要具备良好的心理素质，胆大心细、在舱内动作灵敏，同时还要精通工程、海洋等专业知识。目前我国潜航员经过的培训，光教材摞起来就有一米多高。从明年开始，我国将计划选拔和培训一批潜航员，在专业、性别互补方面做一些考虑。只要满足条件，性别不会成为选拔潜航员的障碍。

    At present our country proper motion of the training、Could drive“dragon”The professional, silent hunter member only two，So the selection and training team in China will be the silent hunter member of an important and urgent task。“dragon”Silent hunter, member of the selection standard are quite strict，In addition to have good psychological quality，Bold talk、In the cabin action is sensitive，Also proficient in engineering、Marine and other professional knowledge。At present our country through training silent hunter member，Light teaching material stack up a metre is high。Starting from next year，Our country will plan selection and training of a silent hunter member，In the professional、Gender complementary aspects do some consideration。As long as meet the conditions，Sex will not be silent hunter member selection of obstacles。

    

    ７０００米设计深度的设定是中国人智慧的体现 7000 meters of depth design is the Chinese set an embodiment of the wisdom

    记者：在美国导演卡梅隆驾驶载人潜水器到达马里亚纳海沟万余米深海底后，“蛟龙”号突破７０００米深度的意义在哪？

    reporter：In the American director Cameron driving manned submersibles reach mariana trench meters deep underwater，“dragon”The depth of 7000 meters, breakthrough significance？

    刘峰：２００２年“蛟龙”号立项的时候，很多人认为深度目标设定在三至四千米就足够了，也有人认为要搞就搞１万１千米深度的载人潜水器。在我看来，“蛟龙”号最终确定７０００米深度目标，是中国人智慧的体现。１万１千米的全海深作业型载人潜水器，我们不是不能做，但是难度较大。从十年前的实际情况来看，要研制１万１千米潜水器，我们的国力乃至国际上的技术水平都很难支撑，需要我们花很多很多倍人力、财力、物力才有成功的可能，在投入上很可能得不偿失。

    LiuFeng：2002 years“dragon”Number of applications，Many people think that target set in depth of three to four kilometers is enough，Some think to make make 10000 1 km of the depth of the manned submersible。In my opinion，“dragon”Th final 7000 m target depth，Chinese is an embodiment of the wisdom。10000 all the 1 km the depth of the manned submersible operations，We are not cannot do，But difficult。Ten years ago from the actual situation，To develop 10000 1 km submersibles，Our national strength and international technology is very difficult to support，We need to spend a lot of a lot of times the human、financial、Material to have the possibility of success，In the input is probably the loss outweights the gain。

    也有人曾经认为７０００米深度的海底是一片荒漠，没有探索的价值。但“蛟龙”号７０００米级海试已经发现马里亚纳海沟７０００米深度存在生物多样性和地质多样性，展示了国际科学界尚未揭开的深海奥秘。

    Some thought the depth of 7000 meters is at the bottom of a desert，Not the value of exploration。but“dragon”# 7000 meters sea level to try have found that the mariana trench 7000 m depth exist biodiversity and geological diversity，Shows the international scientific community has not yet uncovered the deep sea of mystery。

    从立项到成功完成海试，“蛟龙”号的全部投入仅仅为４．７亿元人民币。而７０００米深度的突破，使我国具备了在全球９９．８％的海洋深处开展科学研究、资源勘探的能力，也推动世界深海技术往前迈出了坚实的一步。

    To successfully complete the project from trying，“dragon”Number of all in just for 470 million yuan RMB。And 7000 meters of depth breakthrough，China has 99.8% of the global development scientific research in the depths of the ocean、Resource exploration ability，Also promote world deep sea technology made a solid step forward。

    

    将不断提高国产化率但并不会全部国产 Will constantly improve the localization rate but will not all domestic

    记者：目前“蛟龙”号走的是自行研发、自主集成的道路，今后是否有全部国产化的计划？

    reporter：At present“dragon”Th go is to develop、Independent integrated road，Whether nationalization of all future plan？

    刘峰：中国载人深潜，走的是一条集成创新、跨越发展的道路。目前“蛟龙”号大概有４０％的零部件是进口的，今后国产化率会不断提高，但并不是要实现全部国产。

    LiuFeng：China's manned scuba diving，The walk is a integrated innovation、Across the road。At present“dragon”About 40% of the number of components are imported，Localization rate will improve in the future，But not to realize all domestic。

    从世界范围来看，深海技术并不是一个国家可以独立全面掌握的，也没有那个必要。俄罗斯的“和平”号载人潜水器，载人球舱当初并不是俄罗斯制造的。俄罗斯拥有相应实力后，“蛟龙”号的载人球舱却是他们制造。而美国“阿尔文”号载人潜水器，其一整套通信定位系统是法国制造的。在全球技术大融合的背景下，一个国家单打独斗的难度大，财力要求也大。世界载人深潜界有着良好的合作氛围，作为民用项目，载人潜水器采用一部分国外技术，从成本效益和时间效益来看都是一种比较好的途径。

    From the world to see，Deep sea technology and is not a country can be independent of the master，No need for that。Russia“peace”Manned submersibles，Manned the ball is not Russia had cabin manufacturing。Russia has corresponding after strength，“dragon”Number of manned ball tank is they make。And the United States“alwin”Manned submersibles，Its a set of communication positioning system is made in France。In the global technology under the background of the fusion，A country of it is difficult，Financial requirements。The world's manned with a good cooperative scuba diving world atmosphere，As a civil projects，Manned submersibles used part of foreign technology，From a cost benefit and time efficiency to see is a better way。

    在世界载人深潜界，实力决定着各国的话语权，而采用集成创新的方式并没有影响我们在世界载人深潜界地位的迅速提升。好比孩子喜欢跟自己年龄大的孩子玩耍一样，直到“蛟龙”号３０００米级海试成功后，我们才开始陆续收到国外同行的邀请，得以参观“鹦鹉螺”号、“阿尔文”号等世界知名潜水器。而在日本“深海６５００”潜水器下水２０周年庆祝活动上，唯一受邀参加的两名国际专家中，就有一名来自中国“蛟龙”号团队。

    In the world of manned scuba diving boundary，With the right of all countries to strength，And the integrated innovation and no influence on our way in the world of scuba diving world manned status rapid ascension。Like children like with his older children play，until“dragon”# 3000 m after the success of the sea level to try，We began to have received the invitation of foreign counterparts，To visit“nautilus”number、“alwin”The number of the world famous submersibles。But in Japan“Deep sea 6500”The water submersibles 20 anniversary of activities，The only two are invited to participate in the international experts，A from China“dragon”Th team。

    

    试验母船成为目前最大“软肋” Test for the biggest mother ship“Soft rib”

    记者：“蛟龙”号投入试验性应用还面临着哪些主要问题？

    reporter：“dragon”Th into trial applications is also facing what are the main problem？

    刘峰：从整体来说，“蛟龙”号载人潜水器项目由潜水器本体和水面支持系统组成，其中潜水器和潜航员的安全以及海上作业效率的提高需要一定的船舶条件。目前来看，我们的船舶只能说基本满足试验母船要求，用于潜水器日常应用的话，其海上作业效率将大打折扣。

    LiuFeng：As a whole，“dragon”Manned submersibles project by submersibles ontology and the water support systems，One submersibles and silent hunter member of the security operations at sea and improving the efficiency of the ship requires a certain conditions。So far，Our ship can only say basic meet mother ship test requirements，Used for submersibles daily application words，The efficiency of operations at sea will sell at a discount greatly。

    “向阳红０９”试验母船作为一条超龄服役的“３４岁老船”，虽然经过了改造，但先天不足仍十分明显，与新设计专用船相比差距较大。其尾部干舷在满载情况下达到４．３米，造成风浪稍大就很难安全布放和回收潜水器。相比之下，国外专业的潜水器工作母船，尾干舷高度最多不会超过３米。

    “Xiangyang red 09”Test a mother ship as a over age service“34 years old ship”，Although after a renovation，But inherent shortage is still very obvious，And the new design special difference is bigger than the ship。Its tail the freeboard in full loaded at 4.3 meters，Cause the winds and waves, it is very difficult to larger safety cloth and recycling submersibles。compared，Foreign professional submersibles working mother ship，End the freeboard most can't more than 3 metres high。

    此外，“向阳红０９”船没有专业的潜水器库房，对潜水器维护带来很大困难，而潜水器整日在甲板暴晒让其部件寿命难以保证。船只噪音大，严重影响潜水器通信系统。没有装备动力定位系统，达不到潜水器工作母船的状态。

    In addition，“Xiangyang red 09”The ship doesn't have professional submersibles warehouses，To bring a lot of difficult submersibles maintenance，And submersibles in the sun all day deck to parts to guarantee service life。Ships noise，The serious influence submersibles communication system。No equipment dynamic positioning system，Can not reach the submersibles work state of the mother ship。

    目前，发展改革委已经批准立项，为“蛟龙”号建造一艘全新的工作母船，我们期待能在最短的时间内造出来。当“蛟龙”号结束３年的试验性应用阶段后，可以正式交付到新的工作母船上使用。

    At present，Development and reform commission has approval，for“dragon”Th build a ship and the work of new mother ship，We look forward to in the shortest possible time to build it。when“dragon”Over 3 years, the experimental application after stage，Can officially delivered to the new work use mother ship。