新华社北京８月２日电（记者 吴晶、凌军辉）由教育、科技、经济、法律、管理等领域２６名专家组成的国家教育考试指导委员会７月１９日在京成立。这是根据《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要（２０１０－２０２０年）》描画的“路线图”，高考改革迈出的又一重大步伐。

    On August 2 (xinhua news agency)（Reporter WuJing、LingJunHui）The education、Science and technology、economic、law、Management and other areas of 26 experts composed of national education examination on July 19, steering committee was established in Beijing。That's according to《National long-term education reform and development plan outline（2010-2020）》painted“roadmap”，The reform of the university entrance exam taken another important step。

    重点改革考试内容和形式，建立健全综合评价体系……这些国家教育考试指导委员会的重点任务，正是近年来高考改革不懈探索的方向。

    Key reform exam content and form，Set up and perfect the comprehensive evaluation system...These national education examination to the steering committee for the key tasks，It is in recent years unremitting exploration in the direction of the reform of the university entrance exam。

    ２０１２年，以“梯子不用时要横着放”为主旨的安徽高考作文题又一次引发人们对高考改革的热议。高考题“活”起来，“死读书”不再吃香等评价，成为一种主流声音。

    2012 years，to“The ladder need not when to put across”For the main thrust of anhui university entrance exam again and composition of the university entrance exam reform by people of hot debate。The university entrance exam questions“live”up，“Dies studies”No longer popular evaluation, etc，Become a mainstream voice。

    有专家指出，近年来，此类“材料作文”不设固定题目、鼓励自由发挥，不仅考察了学生思维的广度和深度，也彻底杜绝了过去那种靠死记硬背来套材料的作文写法。

    The expert points out，In recent years，such“Material composition”Do not set fixed subject、Encourage free play，Not only examines the students' mind breadth and depth，Also the complete elimination of the past that neither will a rote material composition of capitalization。

    “高考命题越来越紧扣教学改革，越来越注重学生健康人格和独立思想的养成，这也是新课改所承载的素质教育的目标和要求。”南京金陵中学语文特级教师喻旭初说。

    “The university entrance exam proposition more and more closely teaching reform，More and more attention to the students' healthy personality and independent thinking habit，This is the new curriculum reform's carrying the target and requirement of quality education。”Nanjing jinling middle school language teacher yu XuChu super said。

    教育部基础教育二司司长郑富芝说，长期以来，在高度统一的高考模式下，学生、学校的特点和自主选择性均难以体现。近年来，国家启动高中新课程改革，期望以更加多样化的课程推进素质教育。为了使分省推进的课程改革与高考制度相配套、相协调，教育部一方面允许新课程改革实验省自主确定考录方案，另一方面也将高考自主命题权下放到部分省市，希望让高考发挥“以考促学”的重要功能。

    The ministry of education foundation education two company priests ZhengFuZhi said，long，At the height of the unified college entrance examination mode，students、The characteristics of the school and independent selective are difficult to reflect。In recent years，Countries start to the new curriculum reform high school，Hope to greater diversity of course to promote the quality education。In order to make the points of the curriculum reform and push province university entrance exam system of supporting、coordinate，The ministry of education on one hand allow the new curriculum reform experiment provinces independently determine KaoLu scheme，On the other hand will also the university entrance exam independent proposition right down to some cities，Hope to make the university entrance exam play“To take an examination of to promote learning”Important function。

    经过充分调研和试点，高中新课程标准将学科内容分为必修内容和选修内容。与之相适应，课改后的高考也扩大了高考必考的范围，以满足大学基础课程教学的要求，同时增加了很多现代学科内容。如，数学增加了算法、推理与证明等，生物增加了克隆技术、胚胎工程等。

    After a full investigation and pilot，The new curriculum standard high school the discipline required content and content into elective content。With suitable，After class to change the college entrance examination also expanded the scope of the university entrance exam study，In order to meet the requirements of the university's basic course teaching，Also increased a lot of modern course content。if，Mathematics increased algorithm、Reasoning and certification, etc，Biological increase the cloning technology、Embryo engineering, etc。

    每一次改革起步，都充满挑战。江苏省教育厅副厅长胡金波回忆说，“材料作文”刚刚出现时，命题人员承受着很大压力，很怕试题变脸考生会不满意、吃不消。而今，不仅考生和教师表示认可，全社会都在津津乐道于这种变化。

    Each time the reform started，Is challenging。Jiangsu province deputy head of department of education HuJinBo recalls，“Material composition”emerged，Proposition personnel strains，Test the examinee will be very afraid of face not satisfied、Unable to。now，Not only the examinee and the teachers say recognition，The whole society in e. g. in this change。

    目前，全国已有２４个省份自主制定实施高考方案，１６个省份实行自主命题。很多地方以“３＋Ｘ”的模式为基础，对高考科目设置重新进行排列组合。一些省份将各学科考试内容分成“必考”＋“选考”，考生可以根据自己的兴趣和特长，选择自己爱好和擅长的模块答题，较好地引导了高中新课程方案中选修课的开设。

    At present，The country had been 24 provinces of implementation of the independent college entrance examination scheme，16 provinces proposition autonomy。Many places to“3 + X”Mode for the foundation，The university entrance exam subjects set to rearrange combination。Some provinces will each course exam content into“study”+“Choose exam”，The examinee can according to their interests and specialty，Choose love and good at answering module，A good guide for high school in the new curriculum plan to open the elective course。

    高考的正向作用正在显现。喊了多年却难以着陆的素质教育，正在悄然改变以“死记硬背”“题海战术”为特征的应试教育。

    The university entrance exam positive effect is emerging。Shout for years but difficult to the quality of the landing education，Are quietly to change“rote”“Exams tactics”Is the characteristic of exam-oriented education。

    许多一线教师感到，高考内容改革后，我们必须更加关注时代和社会，努力将现实生活问题、现代科技发展动态引进课堂，不断从学生遇到的问题入手来改进教学方法。学生们普遍反映，课堂从单纯的书本中“跳”出来了，变得更加有吸引力。

    Many a line teachers feel，The university entrance exam content after the reform，We must pay more attention to the age and society，Efforts will be the real life、The development of modern science and technology introduction of dynamic classroom，Constantly from students the problems of how to improve the teaching methods。The students generally reflected，The classroom from the pure books“jump”out，Become more attractive。

    “一卷试天下”的困局已被打破，高考改革与素质教育的良性互动日益增强，高考命题工作面临着更高要求。

    “A roll of try all the”Out of this difficult situation has been broken，The university entrance exam reform and quality education the benign interaction is growing，The university entrance exam proposition face higher requirements work。

    为了保障不同地方考试命题的同等效度和信度，教育部考试中心邀请命题专家对各地分省命题进行指导和监督。每一科目试卷对应同一知识点的试题，都要反复打磨、横向对比，使题型相对一致，阅读量和阅读时间大致相同，对知识能力考察的层次相近，对知识内容考察的广度和深度相当。

    In order to ensure the different place of examination paper with degree of equivalence and reliability，Ministry of education test center experts to invite proposition all over the province points proposition guidance and supervision。Each module of the corresponding knowledge test paper the same test，Repeatedly burnish、Lateral comparison，Make questions relatively consistent，Reading quantity and time reading about the same，Knowledge of the investigation of similar ability levels，The content of knowledge on the breadth and depth of the quite。

    为了进一步扩充和丰富高考命题资源，国家投入专项资金建设国家级题库。许多数年从事命题工作的专家表示，大家通过在电子平台上的交流碰撞，不仅命题方式实现了无纸化、信息化，命题思维更加开阔，命题质量更有保障。

    In order to further expand and rich the university entrance exam proposition resources，National investment special funds to construct the national question bank。Many years engaged in the work of experts said proposition，Everyone in the electronic platform through the exchange of collision，Not only means to realize the paperless proposition、information，Proposition thinking more open，Proposition more guaranteed quality。

    近年来，不断有网民评价说：一题多解的开放式命题已成为高考风景线。只要考生论点鲜明、论据充分，就可以获得相应分数，充分反映出高考从“知识第一”转向“能力第一”的深刻转变。

    In recent years，There have been netizens evaluation said：A topic multi-solution open proposition has become the university entrance exam scenery line。As long as the examinee argument is bright、evidence，Can obtain the corresponding points，Fully reflected from the university entrance exam“Knowledge first”Turned to“Ability first”Deep change。

    胡金波说：“伴随着新课程改革的深入，学生的知识基础更新了，我们对学生的学习能力要求也在不断更新。过去我们比较侧重考学生学了什么，现在更注重测试学生学会了什么。”

    HuJinBo said：“With the deepening of the reform of the new curriculum，The students' knowledge base and updated，We to the student learning ability requirements are constantly updated。In the past we have more emphasis on test students learned??????，Now pay more attention to test the student to learn the??????。”

    教育部考试中心主任姜钢说，高考衔接着基础教育与高等教育，承载着育人、选才的复合功能。面对未来我们一方面要有“因时制宜”的强烈改革意识，另一方面又要科学有效地统筹考虑基础教育改革、高等教育改革和招生考试改革，最终实现人才培养模式更新和教育质量提高。

    The ministry of education examination center director JiangGang said，The university entrance exam of higher education and the cohesion based education，Carrying education、Choose to compound function。We face the future, on one hand we should have“Evaluation of”The strong reform consciousness，On the other hand, to science effectively based education reform considered、Higher education reform and the recruitment of students test reform，Eventually realize the talents training mode update and education quality improvement。