内蒙古通辽市奈曼旗白音塔拉苏木的植树造林老模范莫日希在家中的小菜园中摘蔬菜（8月12日摄）。科尔沁沙地总面积约13.7万平方公里，是中国四大沙地中面积最大的一个，沙地涉及内蒙古、辽宁、吉林等省区，其中，内蒙古通辽市和辽宁省阜新市受风沙侵害较为严重。1978年，我国西北、华北北部、东北西部风沙危害、水土流失严重的地区开展三北防护林建设，科尔沁沙地的治理就是其中一个重要部分。中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所的监测结果显示，内蒙古境内科尔沁沙地1975年的土地沙漠化面积是51394平方公里，1987年缩小了385平方公里，2002年又缩减至50197平方公里。目前，科尔沁沙地沙化土地面积为5万平方公里左右。通辽市林业局的统计数据显示，全市森林覆盖率由1978年的8.9%上升到现在25.12%，森林面积已达到2258万亩。通辽市依托“三北”防护林、防沙治沙、退耕还林等国家重点生态建设项目，在全市开展生态建设精品工程、双百万亩造林示范工程等一系列防沙治沙重点工程，同时还在沙区实施了阶段性禁牧政策、退耕还林还牧、围封和人工种植优良牧草等政策，科尔沁沙地每年绿化面积大于沙化面积约75万亩，使科尔沁沙地在全国四大沙地中率先实现了治理速度大于沙化速度的良性逆转。昔日茫茫的沙海变成了片片绿洲，当地环境和小气候的良性变化让科尔沁沙地腹地的居民们搞起了特色沙地葡萄、紫花苜蓿、沙地水稻、肉牛饲养等种植业和畜牧业等多种经营，依托沙地小环境走上致富路。新华社记者 赵婷婷 摄     Inner Mongolia tongliao city NaiManQi white tone tara sapanwood afforestation old model mo, the dishes at home and garden pick vegetables（On August 12 perturbation）。Horqin sandy land with an area of about 13.7 square kilometers，Is China's four big the sand area the largest one，The sand in Inner Mongolia、liaoning、Jilin and other provinces，the，Inner Mongolia tongliao city fuxin city, liaoning province and by the more serious violations。In 1978,，Northwest China、In northern north China、In the western of northeast China hazards of sand storms、The serious water and soil erosion areas to develop three north shelterbelt construction，The management of horqin sandy land is one of the important parts。The Chinese academy of sciences, cold and arid regions environmental and engineering research institute, monitoring results show that，Inner Mongolia horqin sandy land within the territory of 1975 years of land desertification area is 51394 square kilometers，1987 narrowed 385 square kilometers，In 2002, it was reduced to 50197 square kilometers。At present，Horqin sandy land desertification land area of 5 square kilometers。Tongliao city forestry bureau of statistics，The forest coverage rate from 8.9% in 1978 to 25.12% up to now，Forest area has reached 22.58 million mu。Tongliao city based on“Three norths”Shelter forest、Preventing sand、Returning farmland to forest, and other key state ecological construction project，In the city to carry out ecological construction excellent project、Shuang bai ten thousand acres of afforestation demonstration project and a series of key project in preventing sand，Also in the phased implementation of sandy grazing policies、Returning farmland to forest HaiMu、Enclosed and artificial planting grass and good policy，Every year in horqin green area is greater than the desertification area of about 750000 mu，Make in horqin sandy land as one of the four major sand in the first realized the management faster than the speed of desertification benign reversal。The former across the boundless into patches of oasis，The local environment and microclimate benign changes make the heart of horqin sandy land residents have taken to characteristic sand grapes、alfalfa、Sand rice、Beef cattle breeding and crop cultivation and animal husbandry and so on the many kinds of business，Relying on the sand to small environment riches gradually。Xinhua news agency reporters ZhaoTingTing perturbation

    内蒙古通辽市奈曼旗境内被树木、灌木覆盖的科尔沁沙地（8月12日摄）。新华社记者 赵婷婷 摄     Inner Mongolia tongliao city within the territory of NaiManQi by trees、Shrub coverage of horqin sandy land（On August 12 perturbation）。Xinhua news agency reporters ZhaoTingTing perturbation