新华社北京８月１９日电(记者 周凯)３８金２７银２３铜，中国代表团在伦敦奥运会再创佳绩，举国体制功不可没。与此同时，中国竞技体育在一些项目上按照国际惯例积极推行职业化、市场化。多年来，我国大力推行竞技体育体制改革，已呈现举国体制与职业化市场化并行的格局。

    Beijing, aug. 19 (Reuters)(Reporter chu-kai)38 gold and silver and copper，The Chinese delegation in the London Olympic Games to reach new heights，The whole nation system play an important role。meanwhile，China's competitive sports in some projects according to international practice actively promote professionalism、marketization。For many years，Our country vigorously carry out the sports system reform，Has presented the whole nation system and professional market parallel pattern。

    从１９８４年的许海峰到２０１２年的陈若琳，２８年间，中国体育随着国家综合实力不断提升而日益强大。夺第一个奥运“百金”花了２０年，夺第二个奥运“百金”只用了８年，中国军团在奥运会上一再创造辉煌极大地提升了我国的国家软实力和民族自豪感。

    From 1984 to 2012 in ChenReLin xu haifeng，28 years，Chinese sports with the national comprehensive strength continuously improve and increasingly strong。Take the first Olympic Games“The gold”Spent 20 years，Take the second Olympic Games“The gold”Only eight years，China legion in the Olympic Games to create brilliant again and again greatly promoted our country's soft strength and national pride。

    毋庸讳言，举国体制能够最大限度地集中、配置全国的竞技体育资源，培养“专业运动员”，是公认的迅速提高成绩的捷径，世界上许多国家都通过举国体制来打造自己的优势项目和顶级运动员。从雅典９金、第十名到北京１９金、第四名再到２９金，第三名，国际排联主席魏纪中表示，英国奥运成绩“黑马”般的跃升也是举国体制的功劳。１９９６年亚特兰大奥运会上英国仅获一金，举国哗然，政府由此开始加大投入。伦敦申奥成功后，为实现在家门口跻身金牌榜前四的“终极目标”，英国政府承诺在６年中投入１０亿英镑备战奥运。

    Needless to say，The system can maximum limit concentration、The configuration of the athletic sports resources，training“Professional athletes”，Is recognized as a shortcut to improve performance quickly，Many countries in the world have through the whole nation system to build their own advantage projects and top athletes。From Athens 9 gold、The first ten to Beijing and gold、Fourth to 29 gold，The third，International venues President wei jamie had said，British Olympic performance“Dark horse”The jump is the credit system。The 1996 Atlanta Olympic Games only Britain won a gold，The outcry，The government start from increasing investment。London's Olympic bid success，To achieve at home among the top four world“Ultimate goal”，In Britain the government has pledged 1 billion pounds in six years in preparation for the Olympic Games。

    任何事情都有两面性，我国在实行举国体制的过程中也暴露出了不少的问题：许多项目缺乏群众基础、体育市场滞后、后备人才培养萎缩、运动员退役安置难等。因此，我国从上世纪９０年代开始在足球、篮球、羽毛球等一些群众基础好、商业价值高的项目上积极推行市场化，建立职业联赛，培养了姚明这样的世界级运动员。

    Everything has two sides，Our country in the process of the system also exposed a lot of problems：Many projects lack of mass base、Sports market lag、The cultivation of the reserve talents of atrophy、Retired athletes for difficult, etc。therefore，From the 1990 s in China began in football、basketball、Badminton some good mass base、Commercial value high project actively push marketization，Establish a professional league，Cultivate the yao Ming such world-class athletes。

    但体育项目的职业化意味资本介入，资本具有明显的逐利性，不少职业赛事蜕变成俱乐部老板做广告和运动队提高运动员待遇的平台，再加上我国职业联赛管理体制不完善，也造成了目前国内联赛水平较低、职业化程度不够、滋生假赌黑的问题。

    But sports professional means capital intervention，Capital has obvious ZhuLiXing，Many professional event is transformed into a club owner do advertising and sports team improve athletes treatment platform，Plus professional football league in China is not perfect management system，Also creates the present domestic league level is low、Professional degree is not enough、Breeding false bet on black issues。

    北京市社会科学院体育文化研究中心主任金汕说，举国体制对我国体育的推动效果毋庸置疑，在肯定作用的同时还要不断进行完善，走符合体育规律的发展路径，让社会和企业参与全民健身以及体育产业，推动体育的全民发展。同时，把体育发展完全寄望给市场，目前来看恐怕还缺乏可行性，既不能期望政府持续高投入，也不能彻底撒手不管。

    Beijing academy of social sciences sports culture research center director gold SAN said，The whole nation system to our country sports promoters indubitability，In the sure effect at the same time also continue to improve，Go with the development of the sports law path，Let society and enterprises to participate in the national fitness and sports industry，To promote the development of sports。At the same time，The sports development completely hope to the market，At present I'm afraid still lack of feasibility，Both neither can they expect the government to continue high investment，Also can't completely fold up no matter。

    因此，国家体育总局在《２０１１－２０２０年奥运争光计划纲要》中明确提出发展目标和主要任务：“积极探索社会主义市场经济条件下职业体育的发展方式，稳步推进竞技体育职业化发展，初步形成政府主导、规划科学、依托市场、管理规范、产权清晰、运转高效的具有中国特色的职业体育管理体制和运行机制。”而去年以来掀起的足球反腐风暴、中超足球市场火爆也让人看到了职业联赛的曙光。

    therefore，State general administration of sport in《2011-2020 Olympic proud program》Put forward the development target and main task：“Active exploration under the condition of socialist market economy the development of professional sports mode，Steadily promote the development of competitive sports professional development，The initial formation of government leading、Planning science、Relying on the market、Management standard、Clear property rights、Running efficient with Chinese characteristics of professional sports management system and operation mechanism。”And since last year a football anti-corruption storm、Super football market hot also let us see the dawn of a professional league。

    举国体制很好地促进了体育运动特别是以金牌为标志的竞技体育的发展，职业化市场化也顺应了足球、篮球等项目的发展潮流。我国体育体制正处在转型期，尽管道路曲折、问题难解，但举国体制与职业化市场化并行的大方向并没有错，发展中产生的问题应在发展中探索和解决，这是伦敦奥运会带给我们的重要启示之一。

    The whole nation system well promote the sports especially to the gold medal for marks the development of competitive sports，Professional market also complies with the football、Basketball project development trend。Our country sports system are in transition，Although the road twists and turns、Question difficult solution，But the whole nation system and professional market parallel way and not wrong，In the development of the cause of the problem should be in developing exploration and solve，This is the London Olympic Games bring us one of the important enlightenment。