索玛花儿依旧红 大小凉山已巨变 Flowers POTS clatters loudly still red size has great liangshan
——写在凉山彝族自治州建州６０周年之际 - written in liangshan yi autonomous prefecture built the 60th anniversary of the state

    新华社成都８月２０日电（记者 梁淋淋）“七月的火把点燃、八月的荞麦飘香，我站在大小凉山……”今年是四川凉山彝族自治州建州６０周年。沧桑６０年，这片古老而神秘的土地发生了怎样的改变呢？又是荞麦飘香时，记者深入探访大美凉山，寻找历史的变迁。

    Xinhua news agency on August 20, chengdu（Reporter beam dripping）“July torches lit、August buckwheat fragrance，I'm standing in the liangshan size...”This year is sichuan liangshan yi autonomous prefecture in building the 60th anniversary。Vicissitudes of life 60 years，This ancient and mysterious land what change？Buckwheat is the fragrance，Reporter in-depth visit large liangshan beauty，Looking for the change of history。

    沿着崎岖的山路，记者来到美姑县井叶特西乡特西村。临近村口，就看见一辆大货车，装满了硕大肥美的莲花白——特西村的“明星”蔬菜。村支书切吉日落给我们算了一笔账：莲花白亩产约１万斤，村里种了１０００多亩，今年市价可能要涨到２、３角钱一斤，全村仅此一项估计就能收入两三百万元。

    Along the rough mountain road，The reporter comes to MeiGuXian well leaf, xixiang, west village。Near the entrance，They saw a big truck，Filled with huge fair LianHuaBai - especially the west village“star”vegetables。CunZhiShu cut another day fall to give us calculate a bill：LianHuaBai per mu yield of about 10000 jins，The village kind of more than 1000 mu，This year the market is likely to rise to 2、3 cents a catty，The village that an estimate can 2300 income ten thousand yuan。

    几十年前的特西村却因高寒贫苦而远近闻名，如今人均年收入高达８０００多元。富起来的村民忙着修新寨，新寨周围种上了满坡的莲花白。“原来村里儿子娶不到媳妇、姑娘嫁不出去。”切吉日落说，“现在姑娘们都想嫁到我们这里头哟。”

    Decades ago, but the west village, because of poor and cold famous far and near，Now the average per capita income as high as 8000 yuan。Rich villagers busy repairing the new village，New village of around on the full of slope LianHuaBai。“Originally the village can't son to marry daughter-in-law、Girl to marry not go out。”Cut another day fall said，“Now the girls want to marry to our here head yo。”

    特西村只是凉山州经济腾飞的一个缩影。建州６０年来，凉山州人均生产总值由２５元增加到２２０４４元，人均财政收入由不到２．５元增加到２３８８元。２０１１年，凉山州国内生产总值首次突破１０００亿元，名列全国３０个少数民族自治州之首。

    West village's economic take-off of liangshan is a miniature。Built state in the past 60 years，Liangshan per capita GDP by 25 yuan increased to 22044 yuan，Financial income per capita by less than 2.5 yuan increased to 2388 yuan。In 2011,，Liangshan GDP for the first time in 100 billion yuan，In the first 30 minority autonomous prefecture。

    经济腾飞带来了彝族群众生活的巨大改变。近年来，凉山州相继实施了规模宏大的新寨建设、改造“三房”（瓦板房、石板房、茅草房）、生态移民等重大民生工程建设项目，极大地改善了当地群众的生产生活条件。６０年前，彝族群众曾这样世代生活：一间屋子住全家人，还有牛、马、鸡……畜粪堆积、苍蝇横飞、厨厕不分。

    Economic boom brought the yi people life great change。In recent years，Liangshan successively implemented a large-scale new village construction、transformation“Three room”（WaBanFang、SLATE room、MaoCaoFang）、The ecological emigration and the important livelihood of the people project construction project，Greatly improved the production and living conditions of local people。60 years ago，Yi people have such generation life：A room to live in the whole family，There are cattle、The horse、Chicken...Cattle dung accumulation、Flies flying、Kitchen &bath regardless of。

    如今走进有着“山鹰的坝子”美称的昭觉县的城北乡谷都村，记者为眼前美丽的彝家新寨赞叹不已。只见全村８２户农房错落有致，屋檐上的羊角雄劲有力，土漆刷的牛头栩栩如生。

    Now has walked into“The mountain eagle of embankment”The good name of empowerment north township valley are village，Reporter for sight beautiful yi stockade new village admiration。See the entire villiage 82 household crackage strewn at random have send，On the roof of the claw XiongJin powerful，Soil paint brush tauren lifelike。

    ５０岁的阿尔木莫此的家有１９０多平方米，分为厨房、客厅、卧室和卫生间，沙发、电磁炉、液晶电视等一应俱全，一半藏于地下的猪圈离居室很远。

    50 years old al wood mo this home has more than 190 square meters，Divided into the kitchen、The sitting room、Bedroom and toilet，sofa、Induction cooker、Liquid crystal TV, etc from soup to nuts，Half hidden in underground pigsty is far away from the bedroom。

    ６０岁的阿七谷一家则是“生态移民”，７年前从海拔３１００多米的半高山上迁到四开乡日历村。“移民前，住在山里没有电，没有自来水，一年之中只有火把节、彝族年和办婚嫁时才能吃到肉。”他的儿子阿克鸠射说，“现在出门就是水泥路，去年做的腊肉到今年都吃不完。”

    60 years old, a seven valley is“Ecological immigration”，Seven years ago at an altitude of more than 3100 meters from the half high mountain moved to quarto township calendar village。“Before the immigration，Living in the mountains without electricity，No running water，A year only the torch festival、Yi and do marriage to eat meat。”His son gram dovetail shot said，“Now go out is a cement road，Last year do bacon to eat not to finish this year。”

    ６０年来，凉山州的经济社会发展的各项数据都在不断刷新：建州初期，全州没有一座水库，截至２０１１年底，全州已建成水库２７６座；６０年前，凉山基本无路可走，６０年后，建成了以成昆铁路、雅攀公路、１０８国道、３０７省道等为主体的“三纵一横两环加航空水运”立体交通网络……

    60 years，Liangshan's economic and social development of various data are constantly refresh：Built early state，The state without a reservoir，By the end of 2011，The state has been built reservoir 276 seats；60 years ago，Liangshan basic no way out，60 years later，Built in ChengKun railway、Jas climbing road、108 national highway、307 provincial roads, etc as the main body“Three vertical and a horizontal two ring plus aviation transportation”Three-dimensional transportation network...

    更让彝族同胞倍感幸福的，是教育和医疗条件发生的翻天覆地变化。１９５２年时，凉山州的民族教育几乎还是一片空白，１９５７年中小学校和幼儿园仅８００所，２０１１年已发展到３１１０所，各类学生达９２．２７万人，比６０年前增加了８２万人。

    More let yi compatriots feel happy，Is the education and the medical condition occurred earth-shaking changes。In 1952，Liangshan national education almost or a blank，1957 years of elementary school and kindergarten only 800，2011 years has developed to 3110，All kinds of students up to 922700 people，More than 60 years ago increased by 820000 people。

    今年７月全面建成的特西村小学，无疑是村里最漂亮的建筑。除一栋坚固漂亮的三层教学楼外，还有一栋综合楼，里面有乒乓球室、实验器材室和网络教室。“以前教室漏雨，雨天桌上全是水，冬天风大，把瓦片都能吹跑，学生吓得尖叫着四处躲藏。”音乐老师吉克阿曲感慨道，“现在和过去相比真是天壤之别啊！”

    July this year, west village, built in comprehensive primary school，The village is undoubtedly the most beautiful building。In addition to building a strong beautiful three layer outside the building，A building complex，Is there a table tennis room inside、The experiment equipment room and network classroom。“The classroom before leak，Rainy days the table was full of water，Winter wind big，The tile can blow away，Students scared screaming hiding around。”Music teacher o 3.2.43 song rhetorically，“Now than in the past and is a world of difference ah！”

    特西村小学校长罗勇告诉记者，凉山州山高路陡，几十年来孩子们上学几乎都要走很远的山路。如今，全州寄宿学校已从６０年前的２８所发展到１０３４所，寄宿制在校生从不到２０００人发展到４６万人。“顶着星星走山路”的历史正离彝族孩子越来越远。

    Special west village primary school principals LuoYong told reporters，Liangshan mountain high and steep，For decades the children to school to go far away almost all mountain。now，The state boarding school already from 60 years ago to 28 1034，Residential student never to 2000 to 460000。“The top stars go mountain road”History is getting more and more far away from yi child。

    与此同时，到２０１１年底，凉山州农村地区已实现新农合全覆盖，参保人数达３７３．１９万人，参保率为９５．７９％。记者在地莫乡卫生所看到村民阿牛合拉时，他正因为胃疼输液。他已输液３天，病基本好得差不多了。因为有新农合，阿牛合拉只需要交３０元的“门槛费”。他笑着告诉记者：“现在看病不害怕了，既方便，也不贵，医生负责得很。以前可不太敢来医院喔。”

    meanwhile，By the end of 2011，Liangshan rural areas has realized the new agriculture close full coverage，Ginseng protect a toll to 3.7319 million，Participating insurance rate is 95.79%。Reporter in mo township health center to see the villagers ANiu close when pull，He is because stomach infusion。He has infusion 3 days，Disease basic good enough。Because there are new farming together，ANiu close pull only need to pay 30 yuan“Threshold fee”。With a smile, he told reporters：“Now the doctor don't afraid，convenient，Is not expensive，The doctor responsible for very。Didn't too dares to hospital oh。”

    “索玛花儿开在那高高的彝山……”雄浑质朴的歌声，穿越大小凉山高耸的山谷，从彝族群众灿烂的笑脸旁飘过，融入了凉山６０年巨变沧桑的历史中。

    “Flowers bloom and POTS clatters loudly in the high YiShan...”Forceful plain song，Through size liangshan towering valley，Yi people from the smiling faces of the float by，Into the great liangshan 60 years of history。