惊天动力，守护共和国５０年 Blockbuster power，Guardian republic 50 years
——中国航天固体动力事业５０年发展纪实 -China's space solid career development power 50 years documentary

    新华社北京８月１２日电（记者王敏）可曾见过这样的场景：震撼天地的轰鸣声中，试车台上烈焰滚滚，固体发动机分离，瞬间迸发的力量惊天动地。每一次成功或失败，都铭刻在我国航天固体动力事业不朽的篇章中；

    Beijing August 12-（Reporter ma）Have you ever seen such a scene：The roar of heaven and earth shock，Test flame rolling on the stage，Solid engine separation，A sudden power astounding。Every success or failure，Our country is seared into space solid career immortal chapter in power；

    可曾见过这样一群人：他们是科学家，是管理人员，是一线工人，用航天人独有的方式扎根岗位默默奉献。每一个人物背后，都藏着和航天结缘的故事，盛满了报国的赤胆和忠诚；

    Have you ever seen such a group of people：They are scientists，Is management personnel，Is a line workers，With space people unique way root position offers silently。Behind each figure，Is hidden and space connected to the story，Filled with patriotic ChiDan and loyalty；

    ……

    ......

    ５０年来，当一枚枚火龙拔地而起、扶摇直上九重天的时候，当一个个战略战术导弹亮相国庆阅兵式时，当一代代航天人献身航天矢志不渝时，我国航天固体动力经历了从无到有、从小到大、从弱到强的嬗变，守护着共和国的和平与安宁。

    50 years，When YiMeiMei dragon have sprung up、JiuChongTian soar，As the National Day parade at strategic tactical missile，When a generation of space people dedicated space commitment，Solid experience in space power from scratch、From small、From weak to strong evolution，The guardian of the republic of peace and tranquility。

    

    自力更生、艰苦奋斗，挺起民族的脊梁 self-reliance、Hard struggle，Stand tall, the backbone of the nation

    内蒙古大青山脚下，我国第一台大型地面固体火箭发动机试车台巍然伫立。

    Inner Mongolia daqingshan feet，Our country the first large ground solid rocket motor test layouts Taiwan stand。

    斑驳陆离的内墙面千疮百孔，经历上千台固体火箭发动机试车炸出高低不平的台面，火焰冲刷后变形的推力墙，裸露的钢筋……就像一位身经百战的老兵，试车台无声诉说着一个个故事。

    LiuLi mottled metope inside the holes，Thousands of Taiwan experience solid rocket motor commissioning fry out rugged mesa，The flame of the deformation of the wall after scouring thrust，Bare steel......As a veteran of countless，Commissioning a silent tell a story。

    这是一个关于使命的故事。

    This is a story about the mission。

    新生的中国，面临着不仅仅是国内千疮百孔、一穷二白的烂摊子，在国际上还面临着掌握核垄断地位的西方大国不断施加的露骨核威慑，危机重重。

    New China，Faced with is not only domestic holes、The latter mess，In the face of the western powers HeLongDuan master status amid growing explicit the deterrent，Crisis with。

    相比液体动力，航天固体动力更适于成为导弹的心脏。固体导弹具有结构紧凑、可靠性高，机动性好、发射时间短等优点，引领了世界先进武器的潮流。

    Liquid power compared，Space solid power more suitable for the become the heart of the missile。Solid missile with compact structure、High reliability，Mobility good、Launch time is short, etc，Lead the world advanced weapons trend。

    为了让中国人的腰杆真正挺起来，中国人必须要研发出自己的固体导弹！

    In order to let the Chinese rise up really pretty up，The Chinese people have to develop their own solid missiles！

    这是一个关于希望的故事。

    This is about the stories of hope。

    １９６２年，国防部第五研究院在四川南部小城泸州市远郊的高坝，成立了中国固体发动机研究所。

    1962 years，The department of defense in southern city of sichuan fifth research institute of LuZhouShi exurb high dam，Set up China's solid engine research institute。

    航天科工六院高级顾问、７７岁的赵殿礼如今还能回忆起１９６２年自己报到时的场景。那时，四川江边条件艰苦，宿舍就是办公室，每天根据任务学习、研究，在一张张图纸上画出草样，设计、计算。

    Aerospace science and industry six senior adviser to court、The 77-year-old ZhaoDianLi now recall in 1962 when registering scene。then，Sichuan river of the hard conditions，The dormitory is office，According to the mission study every day、research，In covering drawing draw sketches，design、calculation。

    “中国人要搞航天固体动力，只能依靠自力更生。指望有人帮你，不可能！”赵殿礼回忆说，“前期工作非常艰难，在四川３年仅仅搞出一些试验器，但是却锻炼出一支英雄的队伍。”

    “Chinese people want to make space solid momentum，Can only rely on self-reliance。Expect someone to help you，Can't！”ZhaoDianLi recalls，“The early work very hard，3 years in sichuan just to make some test device，But exercise a hero of a team。”

    伴随着国际政治格局、气候、环境、国家战略部署等诸多因素的变化，这支队伍转战北京东山沟、四川高坝草原、内蒙古塞外戈壁、陕西秦岭深山、湖北谷城峡谷，将航天固体动力事业的星星之火，点亮国防强盛的希望之路。

    With the international politics pattern、climate、environment、National strategic deployment, and many other factors change，The team fought east Beijing into a ditch、Sichuan the high dam grassland、Inner Mongolia beyond the gobi、Shaanxi qinling mountains、Hubei GuCheng canyon，Will the cause of a space solid power，Light defense strong road of hope。

    这是一个关于奇迹的故事。

    This is a story about miracles。

    昔日，没有一张图纸，航天人用手搓成第一根复合推进剂灰色药条，没有试车台，就利用一座山神庙的废墟做测试房，把山崖作推力座。条件艰苦，航天人用手去挖炸药……

    former，Not a drawing，Space with the hand rub into the first root composite propellant gray article medicine，No commissioning sets，Use a the ruins of the test room based do，To be thrust a cliff。Hard conditions，Space with the hand to dig explosives......

    １９７０年，我国第一颗人造地球卫星“东方红一号”顺利升空。

    1970 years，China's first man-made earth satellite“Dongfanghong a number”Smooth launch。

    １９８２年，我国潜地固体导弹发射成功，成为世界上第五个拥有潜艇水下发射导弹能力的国家……

    1982 years，Our country to solid missile launch dive success，As the world fifth have submarine-launched missile capacity country...

    如今，我国逐步形成覆盖战略、战术、防空以及宇航等全应用领域、多尺寸、宽射程、系列化的固体动力产品体系，形成拥有地地、地空等各种系列固体导弹的大家族，构筑了空中、陆上、水下全方位的打击和防卫能力，导弹武器逐步实现了由液体动力向固体动力、由固定发射向机动发射的跨越发展。

    now，Our country gradually formed cover strategy、tactics、Air defense and aerospace, etc all applications、Size more、Wide range、The serialization of solid power production system，With the form、Air defense, etc. Various kinds of series of solid missile big family，Build the air、land、Underwater all-round attack and defense capabilities，Missile weapon gradually realize the power of the liquid to solid momentum、The launch of the fixed to mobile launch across development。

    在陕西和内蒙古，我国分别形成了专业门类齐全、配套完整、综合实力雄厚的大型固体火箭发动机研制生产基地，拥有中国航天科技集团第四研究院和中国航天科工集团第六研究院两支强大的研制队伍。

    In shaanxi province and Inner Mongolia，Our country formed a complete range professional respectively、Supporting complete、The comprehensive strength of the large solid rocket motor development production base，Has China aerospace science and technology corporation, the fourth research institute and China aerospace science and industry group two powerful sixth research institute of the research team。

    中国航天事业奠基人、“两弹一星”元勋钱学森曾这样评价，“中国固体火箭发动机取得的成绩，是一个伟大的奇迹，是中华民族的骄傲。”

    China's space industry founder、“Week fell”Qian xuesen had hired this evaluation，“Chinese solid rocket motor achieved，Is one of the great miracles，Is the pride of the Chinese nation。”

    

    自主创新、一往无前，书写航天人的辉煌 Independent innovation、indomitable，Writing the brilliant space

    ５０年来，每一步创新，都是惊天动地的成功。

    50 years，Every step innovation，Is the success of the world on fire。

    １９７０年我国首颗人造地球卫星“东方红一号”顺利升空时，长征一号末级发动机采用了固体动力，它的有力一推使卫星准确进入预定轨道。

    In 1970 the country's first man-made earth satellite“Dongfanghong a number”Smooth launch when，The long March 1 level at the end of the engine used the solid momentum，It's powerful push make accurate satellite into orbit。

    “东方红一号”卫星及发射器总重为１７３ｋｇ，当时苏联卫星重８３ｋｇ。把这样重块头的卫星送上天，航天人绞尽脑汁，在原有液体动力的基础上，首次采用固体动力助推。

    “Dongfanghong a number”Satellite and transmitters total weight for 173 kg，At that time the Soviet satellite weighs 83 kg。The bigger the such a heavy day satellites into orbit，Space people racking my brains，In the original liquid dynamic basis，By using solid the power boost for the first time。

    “发射震惊了全世界。”原第七机械工业部第四研究院驻内蒙古指挥部副主任、研究员陈克明至今还能回忆起，周总理紧握着大家的手，连连说：“你们辛苦了，你们为中华民族立功了，党和人民感谢你们！”

    “Launch shocked the whole world。”The ministry of machinery industry in the seventh, deputy director of the institute of Inner Mongolia headquarters、Researchers ChenKeMing still can remember，Premier zhou clutching the hand of everyone，Repeatedly said：“You have worked hard the，Your service for the Chinese nation，The party and people's thank you！”

    此后，第一颗返回式卫星、第一颗试验通信卫星、第一颗气象卫星……返回制动火箭固体发动机连续２４次参与发射，标志着我国成为继美、苏之后第三个掌握卫星回收技术的国家，为我国载人航天发展打下了坚实的基础。

    Since then，The first th recoverable satellite、The first star test communications satellites、The first weather satellites......Return to solid engine braking rockets for 24 consecutive time involved in the launch，Marks the our country becomes the beauty、Sue after the third master satellite recovery technology country，For our country's manned space development to lay a solid foundation。

    ５０年来，每一步创新，都是一个崭新的起点。

    50 years，Every step innovation，Is a new starting point。

    １９９２年，党中央决定实施载人航天工程。航天科技四院承担了逃逸固体发动机，这被誉为是保障航天员安全的“生命之塔”。

    1992 years，The party central committee decided to implement manned space engineering。Four of the space science and technology for escape solid engine，This is known as is the guarantee the astronauts safe“The tower of life”。

    航天科技四院副院长侯晓、我国首位航天固体动力发动机博士介绍，火箭发射后１２０秒内，一旦发生意外情况，逃逸系统的主发动机将点火工作，其高达７０余吨的推力，能在３秒钟内把飞船“拽”到１５００米开外，帮助航天员瞬间逃生。

    Aerospace science and technology four HouXiao, vice President of the court、Our country's first space solid power dr engine is introduced，After the rocket within 120 seconds，Once the accident happening，Escape system's main engine ignition will work，It is as high as 70 tons thrust，In 3 seconds the shuttle“ye”To 1500 m away，Help the astronauts escape moment。

    逃逸塔性能特殊、技术复杂、精度要求高。“从‘神一’到‘神九’载人航天逃逸救生系统安全可靠性得到了充分验证，堪称世界最先进水平。”侯晓说，下一步还要做更好的发动机，比肩美、俄等航天强国。

    TaoYiDa special performance、Complex technology、Requirement for high precision。“from‘A god’to‘God nine’Manned space escape lifesaving system safety reliability well proved，As the world's advanced level。”HouXiao said，The next step will do better engine，Beauty equals、Russian space powers。

    ５０年来，每一步创新，背后有无数可歌可泣的故事、可敬可爱的人们。

    50 years，Every step innovation，There are countless behind (the dream of the story、Honorable lovely people。

    即便生活在和平年代，在为航天事业崛起的奋斗中，同样面临生与死、血与火的严峻考验。

    Even if live in peace s，In the space industry for the rise of the struggle，Also face life and death、The blood and fire serious test。

    四院人永远忘不了，１９７９年７月的一天，在高性能推进剂配方的研制中，推进剂突然发生爆炸，两位同志当场壮烈牺牲。在清理爆炸后的废墟时，人们找到了烈士的遗物——一块上海牌手表，表针永久定格在了那个悲恸时刻：８时３４分。

    The four people will never forget，The July 1979 a day，In the development of high performance propellant，A sudden explosion of propellant，Two comrades heroic sacrifice on the spot。In the cleaning up after the bomb ruins，People found the martyr relics-a piece of ShangHaiPai watch，Freeze in the permanent anlaogue display time grief：8 34 points。

    坚韧和顽强早已融进航天人的铮铮誓言中，融进他们对事业的无悔追求中。搞固体导弹意味着高风险、高压力，航天人常挂在嘴边的一句话，叫“不成功便成仁”。

    Tenacity and toughness had melt into space people find in the pledge，Melts into their pursuit to the cause of the without regret。Make solid missile means high risk、High pressure，Space people often hang by the side of the mouth of a word，called“To conquer or to die”。

    某型号导弹一开始试验，发动机当场就炸了。时任航天科工六院院长的刘泽明，脸上没有任何表情，开车回城的３０公里路上紧急部署下一步工作。

    A certain type of missile test a start，Engine exploded on the spot。The aerospace science and industry's dean, six of the LiuZeMing，No expression on her face，Driving on the way back to 30 kilometers emergency deployment of the next step of work。

    “我们当时都很紧张，但是看到院长很镇定，就只有再拼着干下去。”航天科工六院发展计划部部长赵勇回想起，成功后有一次开联欢会，酒过三巡，院长突然提起这件事痛哭流涕，当着大家的面检讨自己的失误。“我从来没想到这事对他这么大的压力。”

    “We were very nervous，But see dean very calm，Only the dry spell down again。”Aerospace science and industry development planning minister of six: a recall，After a successful open party，Wine lead three cruise，Dean mentioned it suddenly started to cry，In front of everyone's noodles to review his mistakes。“I never thought this to him so much pressure。”

    失败时什么也不说，成功时却泪满衣襟。几代航天人，在失败中成长，在成功中前行，把对国家的忠诚、强国的夙愿铸进了共和国的倚天长剑，把一个民族的尊严和强盛巍然挺立于天地之间，彰显出了长缨在手缚苍龙、神剑笑傲击长天的壮志与豪迈。

    Failed what also don't say，Success but tears full skirt。Generations of space people，Growing up in failure，In the success on，For the national loyalty、Great power of the cast into the long-cherished wish of the republic of YiTian swords，Put a national dignity and strong stand between heaven and earth in layouts，ChangYing bound revealed by the black dragon、Divinesword smile ao of ambition and heroic strike of the sky。

    

    自强不息、永创一流，航天精神世代相传 Strive constantly for self-improvement、Always create the first-class，Space spirit continue from generation to generation

    上世纪８０年代，由于工业布局调整等原因，航天固体动力发展一度陷入困境，社会上流传着“造导弹的不如卖茶叶蛋的”。

    The 1980 s，With the industrial structure adjustment wait for a reason，Space solid power development for a time get into trouble，Circulating in the society“The missile is made of selling tea”。

    航天科技四院党委书记张康助说，那时候企业投入研发却得不到收益，民品开发走得艰难，有些职工甚至改行卖气球、开饭馆。

    Aerospace science and technology of party committee secretary of four ZhangKangZhu said，At that time the enterprise put in research and development but no gains，Civilian goods development go too difficult，Some workers even switching sell balloons、Open restaurant。

    即便身处这样的时刻，大部分航天人依然坚守岗位。

    Even in such a moment，Most of the space people still hold your position。

    ８０多岁高龄的中国科学院院士、曾任航天科技四院院长的邢球痕谈起困难时，向记者讲述了上世纪六七十年代创业时的情景，秦岭山区固体发动机研制基地筹建初期一无所有，先期赶到的建设者们把办公营地扎在了一座破庙里，在庙门上挂了一副对联，上联是“身在大庙胸怀全局”，下联是“脚踏青山放眼世界”，横批是“乐在其中”。

    More than 80 years old, Chinese academy of sciences、Served four of the space science and technology's dean, XingQiu mark talked about difficulties，To the reporters about s ~ s last century when the venture scene，Qinling mountains solid engine development base early preparation at all，Prior to the office the constructors of the camp in a shabby temple，To put in a pair of couplets，Top allied is“The body in mind the tin global”，Bottom allied is“Down to castle peak around the world”，Horizontal batch is“enjoy”。

    当时，做试验没有混合器，洗脸盆都用上了。任务急需时一双手就是搅拌器，一天干下来，化学品熏得人鼻子不辨香臭，腐蚀得两手斑点累累。

    At that time，Do not test mixer，Lavatory are put to use。When is a task need hands mixer，A day do down，Chemical fume gadites nose not bian sweet smell，Corrosion hands is to spot。

    “对航天人来说，‘祖国的需要就是神圣的召唤’，这种浓烈的爱国情怀和事业责任心让他们对任何艰难困苦都能够甘之如饴。”邢球痕告诉记者。

    “For the space people，‘The needs of the motherland is the sacred call’，This strong patriotic feelings and career responsibility to let them to any hardship can he relished。”XingQiu mark told reporters。

    的确，在中国航天跌宕起伏、波澜壮阔的历程中，航天人自强不息、奋斗不止的精神已经深入骨髓，且世代相传！

    indeed，In China's space to ups and downs、The mammoth process，Space people strive constantly for self-improvement、The struggle spirit has been deeply bone marrow，Passed from generation to generation and！

    为了缓解困境，航天人将目光首次投向激烈竞争的国际市场。航天科工六院获得一份研制近地点变轨发动机的国际订单。但此前六院并没有此类研制经验。如果失败了，名利双丢不说，仅对外发射的政治责任就承担不起。

    In order to ease the plight，People will look to the first space shuttle of the fierce competition in the international market。Aerospace science and industry six court get a development orbit changes the engine carrying international order。But after six court and does not have this kind of development experience。If you fail，Fame and fortune double throw not say，The launch of the political responsibility only foreign can't afford it。

    这活敢不敢干？

    This live dare do？

    干，而且一定要干好！

    dry，And be sure to do good！

    如果研制成功，我国就能打破欧美对变轨发动机的封锁，在国际发射领域拥有一席之地。这可是壮国威、振民心的大事！

    If the successful development of the，Our country can break Europe and America to change track engine blockade，Have a place in the international launch field。This but strong national prestige、The affections of the vibration of the event！

    开始，研制工作很顺利，然而第一次进行试车试验时，发动机刚工作到４３．９秒，便头部穿火，熊熊大火把１０厘米厚的推力墙钢板烧得变了形。在场的人全部哑然无声……

    Began to，Development work very well，But the first time when commissioning test，The engine just work to 43.9 seconds，Will head to wear fire，The blaze of the 10 cm thick wall plate burned thrust out of shape。All the people present was struck dumb......

    第二次，又失败了……

    The second，Failed again......

    连国际用户都差点失去信心。可是中国航天人憋着一口劲：美国人能干的事，中国人也能干，而且会干得更漂亮！

    You are nearly lost confidence users。But China's space people held to a fire：The United States is able to do things，The Chinese also capable，And will do more beautiful！

    航天科工六院党委书记王忠民回忆说，第三次试车被称为“生命的试车”。大家太关心这件事了，那天所有职工、家属，航天学校的老师们把孩子们都带上，漫山遍野都是人，大家不约而同来看试车。

    Aerospace science and industry of party committee secretary of six WangZhongMin recalls，The third test is called“Life test”。Everyone is concerned about this matter，That all workers、families，Aerospace school teachers brought the children all wear，How are people，You see test to coincide。

    发动机点火后，火龙狂舞，电闪雷鸣一般，４３秒、５１秒直到９０秒，成功了！

    After engine ignition，Dragon?，Thunder and lightning general，43 seconds、51 seconds until the 90 seconds，The success！

    很多年后想起来这段，人们依然激动不已，说这次试车不仅让世界认识了中国航天的水平和能力，更见识到了中国的航天精神！有这样的精神，事业何愁不成！

    Many years after this period to up，People still excited，Said the test run not only let the world know China's space level and ability，The more knowledge to China's space spirit！Have such a spirit，What worried a career！

    如今，航天固体动力事业不仅在武器、宇航领域取得硕果，更在新材料、新能源等战略性产业屡有建树，屡屡打破国际垄断，带动和完善我国相关科技和工业研发体系。很多产品更是直接走进千家万户，服务百姓生活。

    now，Space solid power not only in weapons career、The space field get rich fruits，More in new materials、New sources of energy strategic industry has contribution repeatedly，Often break international monopoly，Drive and perfect our country related technology and industrial research and development system。Many products but also directly into thousands of families，Service people living。

    半世纪艰辛曲折，５０年壮丽辉煌。

    Half a century and hard，50 years magnificent brilliant。

    几代人的艰辛探索和锐意创新，奠定了中国航天固体动力事业的坚实基础，铸就了航天固体动力事业的不朽丰碑。他们融入血液的爱国热情和创新精神，将为航天事业发展和创新型国家建设谱写新的华美乐章。

    Generations of hard exploration and innovation，China's space solid laid the solid foundation of the cause of the power，Created space solid power of the cause of the immortal monument。They blend in blood patriotic fervor and innovation spirit，Will the space industry development and for the innovation-type national construction write a new colorful movement。