让“新３６条”在流通领域“落地” let“Article 36 the new”In circulation field“landing”
——访商务部流通业发展司副司长吴国华　 Visit the ministry of commerce, chief of WuGuoHua circulation industry development

    新华社北京８月１３日电（记者雷敏）今年６月１８日，商务部出台《商务部关于鼓励和引导民间资本进入商贸流通领域的实施意见》（以下简称《意见》），提出进一步鼓励支持商贸流通领域民营资本发展的政策措施。

    Beijing, aug. 13 (Reuters)（Reporter LeiMin）June 18,，The ministry of commerce on《The ministry of commerce for encouraging and guiding non-governmental capital into circulation field of the implementation opinions》（Hereinafter referred to as《opinion》），Put forward further encourage support circulation field private capital for the development of policies and measures。

    当前我国流通领域民营企业发展现状如何？新出台的《意见》提出哪些鼓励措施？商务部将如何推动相关政策的落实？商务部流通业发展司副司长吴国华日前就上述问题接受了记者采访。

    The current China's circulation field the development of private enterprise status？The new law of《opinion》What encouraged measures put forward？The ministry of commerce will how to promote the implementation of relevant policy？The ministry of commerce chief of circulation industry development WuGuoHua has the problem to a reporter interviews。

    记者：请问当前我国流通领域民营企业发展有什么特点？ reporter：Excuse me, the current China's circulation field development of private enterprises have what features？

    吴国华：首先，流通领域是对民间资本开放最早、开放度最高的行业。目前，除对储备粮、烟草、食盐等极少数重要商品实施专营等管制手段外，其余领域均对民营资本放开。由国家制定价格的商品和服务种类也极为有限，目前社会消费品零售总额、农副产品收购总额和生产资料销售总额中，市场调节价的比重都在９８％以上。

    WuGuoHua：first，Circulation field on private capital is the earliest open、The highest degree of the industry。At present，In addition to grain reserves、tobacco、Salt and a few important commodities such as the means of control in implementation，The rest of the field of private capital were let go。By the state to establish the price of goods and service are also extremely limited，At present social total retail sales of consumer goods、Agricultural and sideline products purchase amount and manufacturing data in the total sales，The proportion of market regulation were all above 98%。

    目前，除农业这一传统产业领域外，商贸流通业是非公经济比重最高、对行业发展贡献最大的领域。２０１０年限额以上统计数据显示，批发、零售、住宿、餐饮四大商贸流通主要行业民营企业数量、从业人员、销售额、创造利润、贡献税收分别占比为８４．３％、７０．７％、６５．６％、５７．２％和６９．２％，大多数指标高于制造业和采矿业等领域。

    At present，In addition to the traditional agriculture industry field outside，Trade circulation is the highest proportion of non-public economy、The largest contribution to the development of the industry of the field。2010 limitation above statistics show，wholesale、retail、accommodation、Catering four circulation main industry number of private enterprise、employees、sales、To create profits、Contributions accounted for 84.3% tax than、70.7%、65.6%、57.2% and 69.2%，Most of the index is higher than manufacturing and mining, etc。

    其次，流通领域中民营资本占绝对多数并且比重在持续提高。流通领域民营资本不仅开放度最高，而且近几年仍在持续加大开放力度，民营企业的地位和作用持续提高。按批发、零售、住宿、餐饮四大行业统计，民营资本在企业数量、从业人员总数、主营业务收入、利润、固定资产投资、税收等主要指标上的占比均在持续提高，２０１０年分别比２００５年提高１３．１、８．９、３．７、６．４、４４和１．５个百分点。而在民营流通企业中，绝大多数是中小微企业，占到企业总数的９９．９％以上。

    second，In the field of private capital circulation of absolute majority proportion and in continue to improve。Circulation field not only the highest degree of private capital，And in recent years continues to increase the opening up，The private enterprise of the status and the function of continuous improvement。According to the wholesale、retail、accommodation、Catering four industry statistics，Private capital in the enterprise quantity、Employees total、Main business income、profits、Fixed assets investment、Tax and other major indexes for continuous improvement than are in，2010 higher than that of 2005 respectively 13.1、8.9、3.7、6.4、44 and 1.5%。And in private enterprises in circulation，The vast majority are small and medium-sized micro enterprises，The enterprise accounting for over 99.9% of the total。

    记者：已经出台的《意见》有哪些特点？出台了哪些鼓励民资进入商贸流通领域的措施？ reporter：Has on the introduction of the《opinion》What are the characteristics？What encouraged on what trade circulation field into the measures？

    吴国华： 新出台的《意见》进一步细化和明确了鼓励民间投资的主要领域，提出了操作性较强的政策意见。概括起来，主要有以下特点：

    WuGuoHua： The new law of《opinion》Further refined and clear the encourage private investment in the main areas，Puts forward a feasible policy advice。Sum up，Basically has the following characteristics：

    一是引导和鼓励发展的领域更加细化。《意见》分别就民间资本进入工业消费品流通、生产资料流通、农产品流通、餐饮住宿及其他生活服务和商务服务领域重点进行了细化和明确。

    One is the guide and encourage the development of more particular field。《opinion》Folk capital respectively in the industrial consumer goods circulation、Production material circulation、Circulation of agricultural products、Catering accommodation and other life services and business services put the emphasis on the particular and clear。

    二是更加突出发挥民间资本的创新作用。加快现代流通方式的发展，是流通业转变发展方式的重要途径，是提高流通效率、降低流通成本的有效手段。“２０７号文件”明确提出要充分发挥民间资本在发展现代流通方式中的重要作用，支持和鼓励民营企业在连锁经营和特许经营、商贸物流、电子商务等现代流通方式上积极创新。

    2 it is more prominent role play the innovation of the private capital。To speed up the development of modern distribution，The development of circulation industry transformation is way important way，Is improve the circulation of efficiency、Lower cost effective means of circulation。“Document 207”Clearly put to give full play to the private capital in the development of modern circulation way in an important role，Support and encourage private enterprise in the chain and franchise、Trade logistics、The electronic commerce and so on modern distribution positive innovation。

    三是操作措施更加明确。在政策环境方面，《意见》提出要改善民营企业融资环境，创新金融产品和服务，拓宽融资渠道，采取财政补助方式，切实解决小微企业融资难问题；还明确提出支持民营企业承担由财政资金支持的重点工程，并列出了支持民营企业参与建设的具体项目，并要求将更多民营企业纳入试点承办单位予以扶持；另外，还提出要建立民营中小商贸流通企业服务体系，加强对小微企业的服务。

    Three is operating measures more clear。In the policy environment，《opinion》Puts forward to want to improve private enterprise financing environment，Innovative financial products and services，To broaden the financing channels，Take financial subsidies，Solve small micro enterprise financing difficulties；Also clearly put support private enterprise bear the financial capital of support key projects，The support for a private enterprises to participate in the construction of the specific projects，And requirements will more private enterprises into pilot contractors should be supported；In addition，Also puts forward to want to build small and medium-sized private circulation company service system，To strengthen the enterprise of small service。

    记者：商务部将如何推动相关政策措施的落实？ reporter：The ministry of commerce will how to promote the implementation of relevant policies and measures？

    吴国华：首先，要提高各级主管部门思想认识，把鼓励和支持民营经济、中小微企业发展，建立服务与促进体系，作为深化流通改革开放的重要任务。各地有关部门要结合地方实际制定具体方案，切实采取有效措施，鼓励民间资本投资物流领域。同时，要求各地抓紧建立部门协调机制，形成工作合力，为各项措施的落实提供强大的组织保障。

    WuGuoHua：first，The competent departments at all levels to improve the ideological understanding，To encourage and support the private economy、The small and medium-sized enterprise development，Establish service and promote the system，As deepening the reform and opening to the circulation of the important task。All departments concerned should place with a specific plan actually formulated，Adopt effective measures，Encourage private capital investment logistics field。At the same time，To set up department requires all coordination mechanism，A joint effort，The measures for the implementation of the organizations provide a powerful guarantee。

    其次，针对相关政策措施在执行中可能出现的问题，商务部随后将会同有关部门组成联合调研督察组，赴各地开展调研督察工作，跟踪了解各地区流通领域利用民间投资的情况、效果和存在的问题，对成绩突出的地区给予表扬，对落实不力的地区予以通报。

    second，According to relevant policy measures in the implementation of the problems that may occur，The ministry of commerce will then, jointly with relevant departments jointly research of DuChaZu，All over to investigation inspectors work，Follow up the regional circulation field use of private investment、Effects and the existing problems，The area of outstanding achievements shall be praised，To carry out of the poor areas to be informed。

    第三，加强宣传引导。流通领域中小微企业获取信息的能力较弱，了解政策、掌握政策、运作政策的能力不强。商务部将通过各种渠道，采取多种形式，大力宣传各级政府关于鼓励和引导民间资本进入商贸流通领域的方针政策，及时公开相关产业政策、发展规划、投资项目、优惠措施、资金扶持等政策措施。

    The third，Strengthen the propaganda guide。Small and medium enterprises to gain the micro circulation field information ability are relatively weak，Understand the policy、Master policy、Operation policy capability is not strong。The ministry of commerce will through various channels，To take a variety of forms，The publicity of government at all levels for encouraging and guiding non-governmental capital into circulation areas of policy，Timely public related industrial policies、Development planning、Investment projects、Preferential measures、Capital support policies and measures。