刚刚过去的“十一”小长假给人们留下的印象很深刻，由于高速公路免费通行，加上多地数百个景区实行优惠价格措施，民众外出旅游热情高涨，造成高速公路拥堵，景区景点人满为患、不堪重负。据全国假日办统计，本次“十一”黄金周期间，总计约7.4亿人次出行，创下同期出行新纪录，旅游业异常火爆。

past"eleven"Small long vacation to the people left a deep impression,Due to the high speed highway toll free,Add more hundreds of scenic spot implement preferential price measures,People traveling enthusiasm,Cause highway congestion,Crowded tourist attractions/Unbearable heavy burden.According to the national JiaRiBan statistics,this"eleven"During the golden week,Total about 740 million passengers travel,Set a new record for the travel,Tourism is very prosperous.

　　针对本次黄金周暴露出来的拥堵、景区景点超负荷致使服务不到位等各种弊端，改革休假制度的呼声再次高涨，专家和游客的观点集中于两个方面：一是恢复“五一”黄金周，增加假日；二是加快落实带薪休假制度。

In this golden week exposed to congestion/Tourist attractions overload the service does not reach the designated position, etc. Various kinds of defects,Holiday system reform calls for high again,Experts and visitors view focuses on two aspects:One is to restore"The May Day"Golden week,Increase holiday;Two is to accelerate the implementation of paid vacation system.

　　著名旅游经济专家、中国旅游研究院学术委员会主任魏小安在接受中国经济时报记者采访时表示，增加假日及落实带薪休假制度看似有一定的合理性，但就我国目前发展阶段来说，实行隔周双休制更具可操作性，而且一旦得以实施，类似今年“十一”黄金周出现的所有问题都能迎刃而解。

Famous tourist economic experts/China's tourism research institute director of academic committee WeiXiaoAn in accept China's economic times reporter to interview said,Increase the holiday and implement paid vacation system seemingly has certain rationality,But at present stage of development is,Implement every week double cease system more maneuverability,And once to implement,Similar this year"eleven"Golden week appear all problems can be readily solved.

假日结构亟待优化带薪休假短期难落实 Holiday structure to be optimized paid vacation short term difficult to implement

　　针对日前媒体报道的 “中国员工年休假天数全球倒数第四”（统计的全球62个国家员工的假期数量中排名第59位），魏小安表示，我国是发展中国家，处于工业化中期发展阶段，不适合与发达国家直接类别也“不能和发达国家攀比”。 “我国的假日数量总体而言符合目前的情况。 ”

According to media reports before "Chinese employees annual leave days global reciprocal fourth"(Statistics of the global 62 countries staff holiday quantity rank 59th bit),WeiXiaoAn said,Our country is a developing country,In the middle stage of industrialization development,Doesn't fit with the developed countries also directly category"Can't and developed countries bandwagon". "Our holiday quantity in general accord with the present situation. "

　　魏小安说，中国的法定假日已经达到115天，在世界处于中等偏上水平。考虑国民实际需求，国家综合竞争力，同时考虑总体经济和社会发展阶段，假日不宜再增加。

WeiXiaoAn said,China's legal holiday has reached 115 days,In the world is above the average level.Consider the national actual demand,National comprehensive competitive power,Considering the overall economic and social development stage,Holiday is unfavorable to add.

　　魏小安表示，现在的假日总体结构是，“2＋2＋5＋40”，即2个长假，带薪休假和学生教师寒暑假；2个大假，春节和“十一”；5个小假，元旦、清明、五一、端午、中秋。加上妇女节、建军节等实际假日；再加上除上述之外大体40个双休日，形成了多层次的结构。 “客观来看，这样的结构比较合理，但在现实中，却形成了较大的矛盾，核心在于消费的集中，波峰波谷突出，而按照高峰期配置资源是任何国家都不可能做到的，所以只有削峰填谷。 ”因此，在总量不变的情况下，假日结构需要优化。

WeiXiaoAn said,Now the overall structure is the holiday,"2 + 2 + 5 + 40",Namely two long vacation,Paid vacation and student teacher summer and winter vacations;Two big false,The Spring Festival and"eleven";Five little false,New Year's day/Clear and bright/The May Day/Dragon-boat festival/Mid-Autumn festival.Plus women's day/Actual army day holiday;Plus notwithstanding the foregoing general 40 double cease day,Formed a multi-level structure. "Objective to see,Such a structure is more reasonable,But in reality,But to form the great contradiction,Is the core of the concentration of consumption,Wave trough outstanding,And according to peak configuration resource is any country is impossible,So only peak clipping fill valley. "therefore,Under the condition of constant in total,Holiday structure need optimization.

　　而对于带薪休假制度，魏小安认为，这不是短期内能够全面落实的，需要一个过程。他举例说，美国在上世纪30年代提出带薪休假制度，而到了上世纪70年代才得以全面落实。在此期间，美国经历了从工业化向后工业化社会转变的时期，考虑到我国工业化发展情况，“全面落实带薪休假制度可能还需要20年时间。 ”

For the paid vacation system,WeiXiaoAn think,This is not in the short term to the full implementation of the,Need a process.He said one example,The United States put forward in the 1930 s paid vacation system,But in the 1970 s to carry out.During this period,The United States has experienced from the industrialization backward industrialized social transformation period,Considering our country's industrialization development situation,"The full implementation of paid vacation system may need 20 years time. "

隔周双休制能从根本上解决问题 Every other week double cease system can fundamentally solve the problem

　　魏小安说，双休日制度改变了人们的生活，提高了人们的生活质量，因此在节假日改革的方案中，就不仅需要在公共假日方面考虑，也需要把周末合并考虑。 “围绕双休日的结构，采取调整方案。 ”

WeiXiaoAn said,Double cease day system changed people's life,Improved people's quality of life,So in holidays reform scheme,It needs not only in public holidays into consideration,Also need to consider the weekend merger. "The structure of the double cease day around,Take adjustment scheme. "

　　魏小安所说的隔周双休制，是在不增加现有双休日总量的前提下，隔周双休，即前一周休息两天，后一周休息一天，如此循环，每月可挪出2天，一个季度集中休假一次，就有6—8天。于是便可形成一个结构性黄金周，一年四个季度，就有四个结构性黄金周，再加上现有的两个黄金周，一年可以形成六个黄金周。这样没有增加假日的总量，也就意味着各个方面的负担不会增加，但却起到了调整时间分配和分流的作用。

WeiXiaoAn said every week double cease system,Is not to increase in existing double cease day under the premise of the total amount,Every week double cease,That is to have two days off a week before,One week after a day of rest,So cycle,Monthly removed 2 days,A quarter of a centralized vacation,Have 6-8 days.So they can form a structural golden week,A year four quarters,It has four structural golden week,Combined with the existing two golden week,A year can form six golden week.So did not increase the amount of holiday,It means that all aspects of the burden does not increase,But played the adjustment time distribution and shunt role.

　　在他看来，实行隔周双休制不仅可以增加老百姓休假的自由度，还可以使公共服务体系效益最大化，让人们充分享受社会福利。 “这样一来，大家也没有必要都等到"十一"才出行、旅游，不用人挤人、人看人了。 ”

In his view,Implement every week double cease system can not only increase the degree of freedom people leave,Still can make public service system benefit maximization,Let people enjoy social welfare. "so,You do not need to wait until all"eleven"To travel/tourism,Need not crowded people/Man seeth the. "

　　魏小安说，实行隔周双休制，可以通过各个机构自己安排，大家轮流休息，便于操作。这样做的好处有四个：一是会大大提高国民生活的自由度，合理安排时间消费；二是目前的双休制，做家务一天就够，如果安排其他事情，两天又显短。结构调整之后，可以安排很多事情，从而超越单纯的旅游选择；三是可以熨平峰谷，大大提高旅游生活质量；四是便利供给，提高各方面的经济效益。

WeiXiaoAn said,Implement system of double cease every two weeks,Can through the various agencies arrange his own,We took a break,Easy operation.The advantage of this there are four:One is the national life will greatly improve the degree of freedom,Reasonable arrangement of time consumption;The second is the double cease system,Do the housework one day is enough,If arrange other things,Two days and show short.Structure adjustment after,Can arrange for a lot of things,Thus beyond simple travel choice;Three can be pressed peak valley,Greatly improve the tourism quality of life;The fourth is convenient supply,Improve in all areas of economic benefit.

　　魏小安告诉本报记者，他在1996年就公开提出隔周双休制，之后也说过多次，希望这个可从根本上解决问题的制度能够尽快实施。

WeiXiaoAn told our reporter,In 1996 he had openly puts forward every week double cease system,After also said many times,Hope this can fundamentally solve the problem of the system as soon as possible to implement.

　　魏小安强调，实施隔周双休制最关键的是要让各个机构包括地方政府、各类企事业单位等自主决定。同时，“这个制度实施、完善的要点一在于坚持，二在于落实。坚持就能够形成新的习惯，从消费者、经营者到政府部门都需要对制度的适应。 ”

WeiXiaoAn emphasize,Implement every week double cease system the most critical is to let all institutions including local government/All kinds of enterprises and institutions, independent decision.At the same time,"This system is implemented/The main points of the perfect one is to insist on,The second is to implement.Insist on will be able to form a new habit,From the consumer/Operators to government departments need to adapt to the system. "