景点文物遭涂刻 执法难取证 Sites of cultural relics have been painted carved law enforcement is difficult to obtain evidence

　　颐和园天坛等景点文物古建成“留言板”，文物部门称执法取证难、成本大，保护文物仍靠“防”

The Summer Palace, the temple of heaven etc GuJianCheng sites of cultural relics"Message board",The cultural relics department according to law enforcement evidence difficult/Big cost,Still rely on protection of cultural relics"proof"

　　故宫铜缸被刻“梁齐齐到此一游”引发公众关注，近日记者探访颐和园、天坛等多个保有文物的公园、景点，发现在文物上刻画、涂污属长期存在的普遍现象。

The palace copper cylinder is carved"Liang qi qi"Sparked public concern,Reporters recently visited the Summer Palace/The temple of heaven, and many other of preserving cultural relics park/Scenic spots,Found on the cultural relics/Smudge is a long-standing phenomenon.

　　对此，管理部门均称无行政执法权，文物执法部门表示处罚刻画、涂污行为存在取证难。

For this,Administrative law enforcement management departments are said no,Cultural relics of the said law enforcement punishment/Smearing behavior is evidence.

　　北京多文物成“留言板” Beijing into a more cultural relics"Message board"

　　故宫“梁齐齐”事件发生后，有市民反映，颐和园内一座乾隆年间铸造的铜牛身上也被刻得“遍体鳞伤”。

The Palace Museum"Liang qi qi"After the incident,Residents have reflected,Inside the Summer Palace a qianlong cast bull was smaller"Was black and blue all over".

　　近日，记者走访多家文保单位，发现除了文物铜牛身上被刻文字外，颐和园内乾隆年间建造的“廓如亭”外石墙上及“十七孔桥”的石狮桥栏上，也随处可见游客涂刻的文字、图画等；天坛回音壁则涂刻着各式各样的文字，俨然成了“留言板”。

In recent days,Reporter visited several Wen Bao units,Found that in addition to the cultural relics bull is inscribed text,The Summer Palace, qianlong built inside"Profile such as kiosks"On the outer wall and"The marble seventeen-arch bridge which"The stone lions on the bridge,Also can be seen everywhere tourists tu engraved text/Drawings, etc.;The temple of heaven echo wall is coated with a wide variety of characters,Has become"Message board".

　　“在文物上涂画是长期存在的普遍现象。”北京市文物局工作人员称，涂刻给文物造成不可逆转的破坏，属于违法行为。

"In cultural relics occurs is a long-standing phenomenon."Beijing municipal administration of cultural heritage said,Tu engraved causing irreversible damage to cultural relics,illegal.

　　景点称无权做出处罚 Attractions said the right to punish

　　有市民认为，文物遭涂刻除了游客素质不高，也与管理不善有关，“既然违法，管理单位就应依法对涂刻的游客做出处罚。”

Some people think,Low quality of the cultural relics were painted carved in addition to the tourists,Can also be related to poor management,"Now that is illegal,Management unit should be in accordance with the law on the moment tourists make punishment."

　　对此，颐和园称，刻痕几年前就有，文物是古物，从材料和工艺的角度上看，刻痕几乎难以修复，园方能做的就是加强人防、技防，防止文物遭到再度破坏，“我们有专门的护园队和督察队，在很多地方也安装了摄像头，但游客多、流动性大，很难抓现行，只能以批评教育为主。”

For this,According to the Summer Palace,Nick began several years ago,Cultural relics are the antiquities,Look from the Angle of the material and craft,Nick almost difficult to repair,The park can do is to strengthen the civil air defense/Dimension is,Prevent again destruction of cultural relics,"We have a special care team and DuChaDui,In many places are installed a security camera,But tourists/Great mobility,It is difficult to grasp the current,Can only give priority to with criticism education."

　　居庸关、颐和园及天坛管理处工作人员均称，作为事业单位，发现涂刻只能制止，无权进行包括罚款在内的任何处罚。

juyongguan/The Summer Palace and the temple of heaven management office staff said,As a business entity,Found that moment can only stop,Shall not be entitled to any penalties, including fines.

　　处罚涂刻文物难取证 Punishment with carved artifacts is difficult to obtain evidence

　　此前，针对“故宫梁齐齐”事件，北京市文物局负责安全执法的有关人士表示，市文物局及各区县文委等具有行政处罚权的文物执法部门，处罚乱刻乱画行为的难点之一，就是取证难，虽有监控，但景点往往面积大，要想对所有角落都一一照看到，仍非常困难。

after,According to"Liang qi qi of the imperial palace"event,Beijing municipal administration of cultural heritage is responsible for the safety of law enforcement officials said,Municipal administration of cultural heritage and cultural relics of the districts and counties with administrative punishment like Wen Wei law enforcement,One of the difficulties of punishment carving graffiti behavior,Forensics is difficult,Although have monitoring,But spots tend to be large,Want to see everything all corners,Is still very difficult.

　　市文物局相关部门此前表示，鉴于执法存在取证难题，已考虑在文保单位、景区公园增设摄像头，加强证据收集。如今年故宫防盗系统改造时，防盗监控装置可进行现场录像。

The municipal administration of cultural heritage related department has said,In view of the law enforcement evidence problem existed,Has considered the Wen Bao units/Scenic park set up camera,Strengthen the evidence collected.Now in the palace guard against theft system,Anti-theft monitoring device can be a video.

　　■ 案例 S case

　　颐和园镇水铜牛浑身“刺青” The Summer Palace town water bull all over"tattoo"

　　近日，有游客反映，颐和园的铜牛因遭刻画，造成永远无法修复的伤害。

In recent days,Visitors to reflect,The Summer Palace bull for characterization,Will never be able to repair the damage.

　　该铜牛位于颐和园新建宫门牌楼南侧，四周除由雕花石栏围绕外，还有一层铜栅栏保护。旁边的立牌显示，铜牛铸造于乾隆二十年，牛背上铸有乾隆撰写的八十字篆体铭文《金牛铭》，据传是为镇压水患而置。

New the west door of the arched the bull in the Summer Palace,Around the columns around the outside of carve patterns or designs on woodwork,And a copper layer barrier protection.Stand next to the card,Casting in bull qianlong 20 years,Eight cross design was qianlong wrote to the back of a bull inscriptions[Taurus inscription],Is reportedly set for the suppression of floods.

　　走近铜牛发现，牛颈除被人刻上“马、世、五”等字样，痕迹较深，牛腹、牛尾等也有多处刻痕。

Approached the bull,A cow in addition to being carved"The horse/The world/five"With the words such as,Trace is deeper,Cow stomach/Ox tail, etc. Also have several notch.

　　除铜牛外，乾隆年间建造的“廓如亭”外的石墙上刻着游客留下的各式姓名，“十七孔桥”的石狮桥栏上随处可见游客涂刻的文字、图画等。

In addition to the bull,Qianlong built"Profile such as kiosks"Outside the visitors left by various names engraved on the stone wall,"The marble seventeen-arch bridge which"Of stone railings everywhere tourists tu engraved text/Drawings, etc..

　　【回应】 [In response to]

　　颐和园管理处工作人员称，园方只能加强人防、技防，防止文物再遭破坏，“铜牛外的栅栏就是后装的。”另一工作人员称，近年随着加装摄像头，增加护园人手，乱涂乱画现象已减少，但在惩处环节，由于园方没有执法权，因此无法做出罚款等相关处罚。

Administration officials say the Summer Palace,The park can only strengthen the civil air defense/Dimension is,To prevent cultural relics to damage,"After the bull outside the fence is installed."Another staff member said,In recent years, along with the mounted to the camera,Increase HuYuanRen hand,Phenomenon has reduce scribble scratch,But in the punishment,Because the park did not law enforcement,So we can not make the fines and other penalties related.

　　天坛回音壁变成签名墙 The temple of heaven echo wall into the signature wall

　　周长193米的回音壁，是天坛皇穹宇的围墙，也是景区内最出名的文物建筑之一。如今走近观赏，会发现这座以墙面光滑整齐，可连续折射传递声波的神奇建筑，已成为一道“游客签名墙”。

Echo wall circumference of 193 meters,Yu is the temple of heaven emperor arch walls,One of the most famous historical building in a scenic spot.Today come to see,Will find the metope smooth and tidy,Can refraction continuously being sound amazing buildings,Has become a"Visitors signature wall".

　　“发现时会立马上前制止，但涂抹刻字是随手就做的事，我们根本管不过来”，景区一名工作人员回忆，有时发现墙上新增了刻画痕迹，回头去找，游客熙熙攘攘，根本不知道是谁干的。

"When they found immediately come forward to stop,But do apply lettering is conveniently,We don't tube",Scenic spot a worker memories,Sometimes find depicting traces have been added to the wall,Go back to the,Visitors to the hustle and bustle,Don't know who did it.

　　也有被记录下来的案例。2009年4月，一名身穿黑西裤白衬衫，相貌清秀的年轻男子在回音壁上两次刻字时，被热心游客拍下。“他第一次在墙上刻了‘程威’二字，去圜丘游览一圈后，又回来刻了一回。”

Cases have been recorded.In April 2009,A dressed in black pants and white shirt,Appearance is comely young man twice on the echo wall lettering,Be enthusiastic visitors snapped."The first time he carved on the wall‘Cheng Wei’The word,After go to HuanQiu a round trip,Back time once again."

　　【回应】 [In response to]

　　天坛公园管理处邢先生称，近年涂刻现象有所减少，不仅有游客素质提升的原因，还因为园方加强了管理。“回音壁前加装了一圈铁栏杆，隔开游客与墙壁，景区重要文物周围安装了护栏”，邢先生说，景区内加了大量监控，专职工作人员监看，护园队轮班巡视，希望能把游客不文明行为降到最少。

The temple of heaven park service Mr. Xing said,In recent years, with etching phenomenon is reduced somewhat,Not only tourists quality promotion,But also because of the park to strengthen the management."Echo wall bars with a circle,Separated by tourists and wall,Installed the fence around the scenic area important cultural relics",Mr Xing says,Add a lot of scenic spot monitoring,Monitor the full-time staff,Protect the garden team shift patrol,Hope to be able to take visitors to not civilization behavior to a minimum.

　　长城示爱蜜语刻上城墙 Love honey words carved on the wall. The Great Wall

　　“在长城上刻字写字的不止中国人。”近日，网友在微博上曝光，居庸关长城上密密麻麻写着各式各样的文字，不仅有“张辰登上长城”的中文，也有“SHEALY ACEN”的英文示爱语。

"On the Great Wall lettering to write more than the Chinese."In recent days,Net friend on weibo exposure,The juyongguan Great Wall thickly dotted with a variety of text,Not only have"Zhang Chen boarded the Great Wall"The Chinese language,There are"SHEALY ACEN"Love in English language.

　　“古道赛风”说，七号敌楼内，到处都是这样乱涂乱画的文字，“挺恨人的，应该让这些人有犯罪感。”

"Ancient SaiFeng"said,The watchtowers in seven,Graffito of the scribble such words everywhere,"Is a sentimental person,Should let these people into feeling guilty."

　　记者在微博上搜索“长城、乱画”字样，可找到101条结果，多数为网友曝光的游客在长城上乱涂乱画的行为。

Journalists on twitter search"The Great Wall/graffiti"The words,Can find 101 results,Most offer exposure of the tourist behavior of graffito of the scribble on the wall.

　　【回应】 [In response to]

　　居庸关长城管理处工作人员则表示，由于游客众多，他们对此也很难管理，只能发现一起，制止一起，但因抓到“现行”的难度大，所以取证仍是难题。

The juyongguan Great Wall management office staff said,Because many tourists,They are hard to manage,Can only be found together,To stop,But because of the catch"The current"The difficulty is large,So the forensics is still a difficult problem.

　　■ 追访 S to

　　文物涂刻举报数量逐年减少 Cultural relics with carved to report the number reduced year by year

　　“在文物上刻画、涂污的行为，处罚起来也有法可依。”昨日，中国文物学会会员、文保工作者曾一智说，按照《中华人民共和国文物保护法》第66条规定，刻画、涂污或者损坏文物尚不严重的，由公安机关或者文物所在单位给予警告，可以并处罚款。

"On the cultural relics/The behavior of the blur,Also tend to penalties."yesterday,China's cultural relics association/Wen Bao workers had said think-tank,In accordance with the[The People's Republic of China on the protection of cultural relics]Article 66 the provisions of,characterization/It is not serious defaced or damaged cultural relics,Work unit to give warning by the public security organ or the cultural relics,A fine may concurrently be imposed.

　　而作为文物使用管理单位，如颐和园、天坛等文保单位，虽然没有行政处罚权，但有责任对记录刻画、涂污文物的破坏者予以制止，如破坏者对文物造成不可逆转毁坏的，文保单位要立即向文物行政主管部门或公安机关进行举报、报案，由其进行裁量和处罚。故意或者过失损毁国家保护的珍贵文物的，可能会被追究刑事责任。

But as the use and management of cultural relics unit,Such as the Summer Palace/The temple of heaven Wen Bao unit, etc,Although there is no administrative punishment,But have a responsibility to record/Smearing the destroyer of cultural relics shall be stopped,Such as destroyer cause irreversible destruction of cultural relics,Wen Bao unit should immediately report to the cultural relics administrative departments or public security authorities/To report,By its discretion and punishment.Intentionally or negligently damages precious cultural relics under state protection,May be shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law.

　　那么，到底一年有多少刻画、涂污文物的行为被处罚呢？对此，北京市文物局举报热线工作人员称，目前没有对刻画、涂污文物行为处罚量的统计，但近几年，不论是管理处还是普通个人，对此类行为的举报呈现减少的趋势，这可能与很多人不知道这种行为违法有关，文物局将会针对公众反映的问题，加强对管理方的督察及对公众的文保普法工作。

then,How much are there in a year/Smearing relics behavior be punished?For this,Beijing municipal administration of cultural heritage said hotline staff,There are currently no to depict/Smearing cultural relic behavior punishment quantity statistics,But in recent years,Whether service or ordinary people,Report shows the tendency of reduction of such behavior,This may be related to a lot of people don't know this kind of behavior is illegal,Administration of cultural heritage will reflect to the public,To strengthen management of supervision and Wen Bao dissemination of the work to the public.

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