现代快报记者 薛晟 摄

Modern express reporter Xue Sheng perturbation

　　无锡某景区在2009年10月至2010年7月间建设动物园和欢乐园的过程中，未经批准和办理相关手续，改变3677平方米林地用途，建造观光电梯。此举遭市民举报，中华环保联合会调查后，于2012年9月向无锡市滨湖区人民法院提起诉讼。无锡市滨湖区人民法院首创“异地补植”赔偿方式，在广泛听取民意后，判令景区于6个月内在荒地补植4500平方米林木，在全国开生态损害赔偿方式先河。昨日，“植树节”前夕，该案的“异地补植”执行程序顺利拉开序幕。

Wuxi is a scenic spot in October 2009 to July 2010 garden in the process of the construction of the zoo and joy,Without approval and deal with relevant formalities,3677 square meters of forest land use change,Construction of elevators.The move by the people to report,The Chinese association of environmental protection investigation,In September 2012 to wuxi city binhu district people's court.Wuxi city binhu district people's court"Different replanting"Compensation for the way,After listen to public opinion,Ordered the scenic spot within 6 months replanting 4500 square meters of trees in the desert,Ecological compensation in the national way.yesterday,"Arbor Day"On the eve of,The case of"Different replanting"Executable program kicked off smoothly.

　　现代快报记者 金辰 薛晟

Jinchen Xue Sheng modern express reporter

　　法院审理查明，被告景区占用3677平方米的林地，用以建造观光电梯,连接动物园和欢乐园之间的通道，可为游客节省约40分钟的行程，同时也属于消防安全通道。

Court to find out,The scenic area occupied 3677 square meters of forest land,To build sightseeing elevator,Connect the passage between the zoo and joy garden,For tourists would save about 40 minutes,At the same time also belong to the fire safety channel.

　

　现场 The scene

　　5000多平方米荒地待种绿 More than 5000 square meters land stay green

　　整个工期将于4月7日完工，将有雪松、银杏、白玉兰等十余个树种

The time limit for a project will be completed on April 7th,There will be a cedar/Ginkgo biloba/White yulan, such as more than 10 tree species

　　昨天一早，记者跟随无锡市滨湖区人民法院环保合议庭和执行局的法官来到执行现场，工地四周已经拉起施工条幅，被告无锡某景区的管理人员正在和10多名园林工人紧锣密鼓地进行打洞、栽树工作，在施工工地的另一端，一台大型挖掘机正在平整土地。

Early in the morning yesterday,Reporters follow environmental collegial panel in wuxi city binhu district people's court and executive judge came to the scene,Around the site has been pull up banners,Defendant wuxi some scenic spot management is and has been working intensively to more than 10 gardens make hole/So work,At the other end of the construction site,A large mechanical digger is flat land.

　　据现场施工人员介绍，这里的平整土地工作前几天已经开始了，挖掘机将在这里工作10天，这里的植树面积实际达到5000多平方米。根据施工进度计划表，整个工期将于4月7日完工。据了解，当天现场首批栽种的树种主要为比较耐寒的香樟和水杉，后期将陆续进场的有雪松、银杏、白玉兰等十余个树种，该工程投入约80万元。

According to site construction personnel,The flat land to work here a few days ago has already begun,Excavator will work here for 10 days,The planting area is actually reached more than 5000 square meters.According to the construction progress schedule,The time limit for a project will be completed on April 7th.We have learned,On the day of the first batch of planted tree species mainly on site is hardy camphor and metasequoia glyptostroboides,Later there will have entered the cedar/Ginkgo biloba/White yulan, such as more than 10 tree species,The project investment of about 800000 yuan.

　　在“补植”现场，中华环保联合会环境法律服务中心督查诉讼部部长马勇一行特别引人注目，在媒体“长枪短炮”的包围下，他很欣慰地表示，通过这次公益诉讼的胜诉，并以“异地补植”的生态损害赔偿方式来对被占林地的修复，无锡法院在这方面做了很好的创新，对环境生态保护起到了很好的积极作用。对于此次在无锡的全国首例由民间环保组织提起的生态公益诉讼案件，马勇表示，首先是有热心市民向他们举报提供线索，同时无锡市中级人民法院是在全国较早成立环保审判庭的，在这方面有一定的审判经验。

In the"replanting"The scene,All-china environment federation of environmental law service center minister of supervision proceedings Ma Yong especially striking,In the media"Their long gun"The surrounded by,He is very pleased to say,Through the public welfare lawsuit is won,And in order to"Different replanting"Ecological compensation ways to repair on occupied land,Wuxi court made great innovation in this area,For environmental protection has played a positive role very well.For the first time in the wuxi national folk ecological public welfare lawsuit brought by environmental groups,Ma Yong said,First of all, there is a warm-hearted citizens to report provide clues to their,At the same time in wuxi city intermediate people's court is the earlier established environmental courts across the country,Has the trial experience in this respect.

　

　由来 origin

　　景区观光电梯非法占地 Scenic sightseeing elevator illegally occupies

　　改变3677平方米林地用途，市民举报，中华环保联合会调查后起诉 3677 square meters of forest land use change,People to report,The Chinese association of environmental protection investigation prosecution

　　据记者了解，无锡这起全国首例由民间环保组织提起的生态公益诉讼案件，是由于无锡某景区在建设动物园和欢乐园的过程中，改变3677平方米林地用途，建造一座观光电梯所引发的。

According to reporter understanding,Wuxi is the first time in the national folk ecological public welfare lawsuit brought by environmental groups,Is due to the wuxi a scenic area in the process of building park zoo and joy,3677 square meters of forest land use change,Build a sightseeing elevator.

　　2012年6月，有无锡市民向中华环保联合会举报，反映当地某景区在2009年10月至2010年7月间建设动物园与欢乐园时，未经批准和办理相关手续，改变林地用途建造了观光电梯连通动物园和欢乐园，破坏了山林植被，影响了生态环境。中华环保联合会调查后，于当年9月向无锡市滨湖区人民法院提起诉讼。

In June 2012,Wuxi residents reported to the Chinese association of environmental protection,Reflect a local scenic area in October 2009 to July 2010 build zoo and joy garden,Without approval and deal with relevant formalities,Change of woodland garden purpose built the sightseeing elevator connected zoo and joy,Destroyed the forest vegetation,Affect the ecological environment.The Chinese association of environmental protection investigation,In September the same to the wuxi city binhu district people's court.

　　对此，作为被告的无锡某景区认为，动物园（含欢乐园）是无锡市重点生态环境工程和“为民办实事”项目之一。在建设过程中，先后搬迁了自然村落、乙炔厂、工矿企业等，清理了开山宕口和一批私埋乱葬坟墓并进行复绿，使当地生态环境、人居环境都得到了改善。动物园项目确实占用了部分林地，建造成了翻山电梯及消防水池，但该部分设施为游览配套设施，对森林防火、提供急救通道等具有重要作用，而该地块所占用林地已在园区内复绿种植林木30亩予以生态补偿。

For this,As a scenic area of wuxi think the defendant,The zoo(Contain the joy garden)Is in wuxi city key engineering and ecological environment"For the people""One of the project.In the process of construction,Has moved the natural village/Acetylene plant/Industrial and mining enterprises, etc.,Cleared by breaking down and buried a private mass graves and green,The local ecological environment/Living environment is improved.The zoo project indeed occupies part of the forest,Built over hill elevator and fire pool,But this part of the facilities for tourist facilities,The forest fire/Provide emergency channel plays an important role,And the land occupied woodland has green planting trees in the park after 30 acres of ecological compensation.

　

　判决 sentence

　　拟定三套“异地补植”方案 To formulate three sets of"Different replanting"solution

　　在广泛听取民意后，法院判令被告于6个月内在荒地补植4500平方米林木 After listen to public opinion,Court, the defendant in the wasteland in 6 months replanting trees 4500 square meters

　　据法院调查，无锡动物园、太湖欢乐园确实是由无锡某景区承建的无锡市重点生态环境工程和“为民办实事”项目之一，自2010年10月1日正式对外开放，实行一票制，票价成人100元，6周岁以下儿童、70周岁老人和残疾人免费，6-18周岁少儿、60-70周岁老人半价。

According to the court for investigation,Wuxi zoo/Taihu lake garden is indeed a joy by wuxi in wuxi city, a scenic area construction of the key ecological and environmental engineering"For the people""One of the project,Since October 1, 2010 officially opened,Implement a vote,Adult fare of 100 yuan,Children under 6 years of age/The elderly and disabled free 70 one full year of life,6-18 years old children/60-70 years old man half price.

　　据法院审理查明，被告景区在用地审批手续不完善的情况下，占用3677平方米的林地，用以建造观光电梯。该观光电梯是连接动物园和欢乐园之间的通道，可为游客节省约40分钟的行程，同时也属于消防安全通道。

According to the court to find out,The scenic area in the case of imperfect land examination and approval procedures,Takes up 3677 square meters of forest land,To build sightseeing elevator.The sightseeing elevator is connected to the zoo and the passage between the joy garden,For tourists would save about 40 minutes,At the same time also belong to the fire safety channel.

　　而对于景区的这种违法占地建设行为，当地林业部门也已经对其进行了罚款和限期整改等处罚。但实际上，直到遭公益起诉和判决生效，该景区的观光电梯等设施尚未办理好占用林地的合法手续。

And for scenic spot the illegal construction covers an area of activity,The local forestry department has been on the fines and penalties rectification within a time limit, etc.But in fact,Until the effective public prosecution and judgment,The scenic area tourist facilities such as the elevators have not yet well occupied woodland legal formalities.

　　据承办法官朱加嘉介绍，虽然被告的行为属于社会公益建设的性质，但未获得用地批准，其行为客观上对生态环境造成损害，应当承担相应的民事责任。“但如果要求被告原地恢复林地状态，拆除已建大型设施，则是对财富的极大浪费。”

According to the judge to undertake Zhu Jiajia is introduced,Although the defendant's behavior belongs to the nature of social construction,But didn't get for approval,Its behavior objectively damage to ecological environment,Shall bear the corresponding civil liabilities."But if the state requires the defendant to in situ recovery of woodland,Demolition has built large facilities,Is a great waste of wealth."

　　最终，法院综合考虑苗木选择的合理性、林木养护的便利性和补植方案的可行性等因素，拟定了三套“异地补植”方案，并进行网上公示。在广泛听取民意后，法院判令被告于6个月内在十八湾荒地补植4500平方米林木。该判决于今年1月生效。

In the end,The court considering the rationality of selecting the seedling/The maintenance convenience and replanting trees factors such as the feasibility of the scheme,For the three sets of"Different replanting"solution,And the public on the Internet.After listen to public opinion,Court, the defendant in a period of 6 months in 18 bay wasteland replanting trees 4500 square meters.The verdict came into force in January this year.

　

　生态修复 Ecological restoration

　　也可“异地补植” Can also be"Different replanting"

　　据了解，在本案审理过程中，该景区提供了对3677平方米采取异地补植的3套方案。分别为：华藏寺地块5600平方米；杨湾地块4500平方米；充山地块4000平方米。计划补植的苗木有雪松、香樟、无患子、银杏、白玉兰、榉树、红叶石楠球、籽播金鸡菊，种植后由负责城市绿化的主管部门验收。而昨天现场补植的地块正是杨湾地块，工程总价值79.44万元。

We have learned,In the trial to the case,The scenic area to provide the 3 sets of 3677 square meters to take different replanting schemes.respectively:China Tibetan temple land area of 5600 square meters;Yang Wan land of 4500 square meters;Mountain block of 4000 square meters.Plan replanting seedlings of cedar/camphor/Without risk of the child/Ginkgo biloba/magnolia/Elm tree/Photinia x ball/Seed sowing coreopsis,Planting after acceptance by the competent department of responsible for city greening.And yesterday the replanting massif is Yang Wan plot,Projects worth 794400 yuan.

　　“对于此次‘异地补植’的方案选择，我们也有一定的充分补偿原则。”朱加嘉解释说，在最终定下的“异地补植”方案中，无论从种植面积、树木数量和品相上，都要超过此前被非法占用的林木生态资源。

"For the‘Different replanting’The scheme selection,We have some full compensation principle."Zhu Jiajia explains,In the final set"Different replanting"In the plan,No matter from planting area/Trees on the quantity and quality,Is more than has previously been illegal occupation of forest ecological resources.

　　据朱加嘉介绍，在“异地补植”地块的选择上，目前开始种植树木的荒地，也是离被该景区非法占地地理位置上最接近的，所以在一定程度上，也能为生态修复的效果起到一定的保证。

According to Zhu Jiajia,In the"Different replanting"The choice of plot,Now began to plant trees of wasteland,Is away from the scenic area covers an area of geographically closest to illegally,So to some extent,Also for the ecological restoration effect of guarantee.

　　据无锡市滨湖区人民法院院长王春年介绍，传统的民事赔偿多以金钱填补的方式来体现，本案中法院强调了恢复原状的效果，且从原地恢复的传统模式突破为异地恢复的灵活模式，在这个创新过程中，法院坚持了以法律为准绳与吸纳民意、最大程度地保护生态环境的原则。

According to the wuxi city binhu district people's court Wang Chunnian is introduced,Traditional civil compensation in the form of money fill more to reflect,In this case the court stressed the restorable,And recover from in situ breakthrough the traditional model of flexible for different ground recovery mode,In the process of the innovation,Court insist on the law as the criterion and the absorption of public opinion/Maximize the protection of ecological environment principles.

　　“法院非常重视这次异地补植判决的执行，从补植方案的设计、施工计划的落实、验收方案的审查，法院一一关注。今天，该补植工程第一批树种的栽种，案件承办人员、执行人员也来到现场监督。”王春年告诉记者，在法院的要求下，被告已经将全部工程款项打入无锡市环保资金专用账户，专款用于该项补植工程，以确保工程的全面实施以及为期一年的林木养护费用。

"Court attaches great importance to the different replanting execution of the verdict,From the design of the replanting schemes/The implementation of the construction plan/Acceptance plan review,The court focused on one by one.today,The first planted tree planting project,Case managers/Executives also came to site supervision."Wang Chunnian told reporters,At the request of the court,The defendant has will all project funds into the special account in wuxi city environmental protection funds,Special funds for the plant engineering,To ensure that the project and the full implementation of the one-year forest maintenance cost.

　　公益保护 Public interest protection

　　也需要创新 Also need to innovation

　　“这是一起典型的维护公益的官司，目前对环境公益的司法保护，无论在中国还是世界各国，都是一种新的现象。以前只是对于私人财产的破坏给予关注，没有对公益损害予以关注。”北京大学法学院教授汪劲表示，无锡法院此次“异地补植”生态判决恰恰就是对公益损害给予了关注，并采取了最可行和最有效的措施。

"This is a typical maintenance public welfare lawsuit,At present judicial protection of public environmental welfare,Whether in China or all over the world,Is a new phenomenon.Before just pay attention for the destruction of private property,No damage to public attention."Peking University law school professor Wang Jin said,The wuxi court"Different replanting"Ecological ruling is to cause damage to the attention,And the most feasible and effective measures were taken.

　　汪劲表示，就该案而言，违法占地的行为从理论上讲应该恢复原状，但“恢复原状”不仅仅是指就地恢复原有的环境状况，更主要的是指恢复环境的生态容量，达到生态平衡，这更符合恢复原状的法理精神。如果能够就地恢复，即应就地恢复，如就地恢复确有困难，可以异地恢复，以尽量达到或超过原有的生态容量水平。“此次无锡法院作出的‘异地补植’判决，确实是具有一定的灵活性和创新性。”

Wang Jin said,In terms of the case,Illegal covers behavior in theory should be restorable,but"Restored to its original state"Not only refers to the environmental conditions in situ to restore the original,Is mainly refers to the ecological environment recovery capacity,To achieve the ecological balance,This conforms to the law of restitution.If it can be in situ recovery,That should be on the recovery,Such as in situ recovery is difficult,Can different recovery,To try to meet or exceed the original ecological capacity level."The wuxi court‘Different replanting’sentence,Is really has certain flexibility and innovation."

　　关注该案件的法律界人士表示，此次无锡市滨湖区人民法院公益诉讼案件的审理，给大家也带来了一些有益的启示。处罚理念从“金钱罚”到“行为罚”是一种新的跃升。

Pay attention to the case of legal professionals,The public welfare lawsuit in wuxi city binhu district people's court case,Give you also bring some beneficial enlightenment.The concept of punishment from"Money sent"To the"Behavior of punishment"Is a new leap.

　　损害赔偿方式从“原地恢复”固化模式到“异地恢复”灵活模式是一种新的拓展。本案中，采取了“异地恢复”的办法，这虽然不能恢复原有的环境状况，但能够完全恢复环境的生态容量，达到生态平衡，符合“恢复原状”的法理精神。裁判方式上从“一锤定音”式判决到“吸纳民意”式裁判是一种新的转变。这种开放灵活的裁判样式，对公益诉讼提升司法公信有着里程碑式的意义。

From damage compensation way"In situ recovery"Solidification model to"Different ground recovery"Flexible mode is a kind of new development.In this case,To take the"Different ground recovery"The way to,Although it can not restore the original environment,But to fully restore ecological environment capacity,To achieve the ecological balance,Conform to the"Restored to its original state"The spirit of the legal.From on the way"Ride on it"Type judgment to the"Absorption of public opinion"Type the referee is a kind of new transformation.This open flexible style of the referee,Of public interest litigation is of milestone significance improve the judicial.

　　关注此案的法律界人士认为，在该案中，“异地补植”确实很好地弥补了非法毁绿带来的生态破坏。但对于相关主管部门对于发现这种毁绿行为后，虽然进行处罚，但执行不到位的情况，也要进行相应的追责。

Interest in the case of legal professionals,In the case,"Different replanting"Really well made up for illegal destroyed the green ecological damage.But for the related departments to find the destroyed after green behavior,Although for punishment,But enforcement is not in place,Also want to undertake the corresponding liability.