中国跳水队正在伦敦奥运会上向包揽跳水项目8枚金牌的目标迈进，以中国队员的实力，除非他们出现失误，否则，外国选手基本上没什么机会。“跳水是一项让无数中国人自豪的运动，但如果我们只是着眼于奥运金牌，实在是看低了中国跳水‘梦之队’的价值。”清华大学跳水队总教练于芬不久前向记者表示，“中国跳水队战绩辉煌，但参与跳水运动对于普通中国人来说却遥不可及，中国拥有世界领先的跳水队，理应成为一个真正的跳水大国，但实际上，我国跳水运动的普及几乎就是一片空白。”

China TiaoShuiDui is London games to clinching eight gold MEDALS diving project goals，The strength of the players in China，Unless they errors，otherwise，Foreign players basically no chance。“Diving is a let numerous Chinese proud of sports，But if we just look at the Olympic gold medal，It is turned down the Chinese diving‘Dream team’value。”Tsinghua university TiaoShuiDui manager in the Finn not long ago told reporters，“China TiaoShuiDui brilliant，But participation in the sport of diving for ordinary Chinese people but achievable，China has the world's leading TiaoShuiDui，To become a real diving superpower，But in fact，The popularity of the sport of diving in our country is almost a blank。”

优势项目的社会效益被忽视 Advantage the social benefit of the project is ignored

　　很多人以为跳水是一项小众运动，根本不可能在普通大众中开展起来，这完全是一种误解。于芬曾经在美国辛辛那提考察过当地群众性跳水运动的开展，在一家名为“妈妈与我”的运动俱乐部里，练跳水的小孩多达几千人。

Many people think diving is one XiangXiaoZhong movement，Not possible in the ordinary people carried out，All this is a mistake。Finn had in the United States in Cincinnati checks local mass diving the development of the movement，In a“My mother and I”Sports club，Practice diving child up to thousands of people。

　　在美国遍地开花的体操俱乐部里也有类似的例子，美籍华裔体操教练乔良在伦敦向记者介绍说：“全美有几千家体操俱乐部，练体操的青少年可能有上百万人。”而在他赴美发展之前从未想过，体操可以从一项专属于体校和专业运动队的竞技运动，演变为一项高度普及的大众运动。

In the United States in the gymnastics clubs blossom everywhere have similar examples，Chinese American gymnastics coach in London QiaoLiang introduces to the reporter said：“The thousands of home gymnastics club，The youth may have practiced gymnastics millions of people。”And after he went to the United States before the development never thought，Gymnastics can from a professional sports teams and who belong to the sport，The evolution of a highly popular mass movement。

　　体操和跳水是中国军团在奥运赛场上的夺金大户，也培养出了李宁、李小双、李小鹏、高敏、伏明霞、田亮和郭晶晶等多位世界冠军。但优异的奥运成绩、庞大的明星阵容，却不能成为普及和推广体操或跳水运动的强大推动力。

Gymnastics and diving is the Olympics Chinese legion of large gold，Also cultivated li ning、Li xiaoshuang、LiXiaoPeng、Gao min、Fu mingxia、Tian liang and guo jingjing waiting for many the world champion。But excellent Olympic performance、The huge star squad，But can't become the popularization and promotion of the sport of diving or strong force。

　　对于绝大多数中国青少年来说，基本不可能在学校和社会上接受体操或跳水的普及性系统训练，做广播体操、跳山羊、引体向上等，成为很多人对体操仅有的体验机会。

For the vast majority of Chinese teenagers，Basic can't be in the school and the society to accept or diving in using.the gymnastics training system，Do a radio gymnastics、Jump goat、Pull-ups, etc，Become a lot of people only experience gymnastics。

　　在于芬看来，中国的优势项目如果仅仅是体现在竞技成绩上，实际上就是社会资源的巨大浪费。国家投入巨大人力物力打造出强大的中国军团，这支队伍原本可以在青少年体育、群众健身等方面发挥更大作用，但这些社会效益却被忽视了。

Lies in the Finn seems，China's advantage is only reflected in the project if athletic performance，In fact is that the society is in serious waste of resources。National investment much manpower make out a strong Chinese legion，The team could have in youth sports、The masses fitness and play a greater role，But these social benefits are ignored。

练体育不一定要走竞技路 Practice does not necessarily have to walk road of competitive sports

　　“中国人的体育观念受‘金牌战略’的影响太深，很多人以为练体育就是要走竞技的道路，就一定要出成绩。”于芬表示，“这其实是一个误区。那么多美国孩子走进跳水或体操俱乐部，难道都是希望自己将来成为跳水或体操运动员吗？有些孩子只有一两岁，也被父母带进了俱乐部，因为美国人看到的是体育运动对一个人的健康成长所能发挥的辅助作用，一方面是身体的塑形以及运动机能的提高，另一方面是体育运动对人格的培养，诸如培养人的勇气、毅力、信心和团队精神等。”

“Chinese sports by concept‘Gold medal strategy’Influence too deep，Many people think that sports is to go practice of competitive road，It must be the result。”Finn said in，“It is an error。So many American children into the diving or gymnastics club，Don't wants to become the diving or gymnastics athlete？Some children only one or two years，Also be parents brought into the club，Because americans see is the sports to a person of the healthy growth of the auxiliary role to play，On the one hand is the body styling and the improvement of motor function，On the other hand are sports personality of the training，Such as train a person of courage、perseverance、Confidence and team spirit。”

　　即使放到竞技体育的范围内讨论，中国优势项目的生存空间也因为脱离了社会的大环境而显得太过狭小，“美国的跳水俱乐部那么多，很多普及工作就在这些俱乐部里解决了。此外，各级别的比赛也非常多，从小区的、大区的到全国的，还有小学、中学、高中、大学的比赛……这给那些有兴趣往更高水平发展的孩子提供了各种各样的比赛机会。这种普及是一种社会化的大普及。而在我们国内，首先是跳水运动的覆盖面很窄，只在专业队和体校层面。其次，全国每年只有那么几项比赛，还对运动员设定了注册身份上的各种限制，我们的跳水是自己把自己划定在了一个小群体里。”

Even in competitive sports within the scope of the discussion，China's advantage of living space project for the social environment from which is too narrow，“America's diving club so much，Many popular work in these resolved in the club。In addition，At all levels of competition is very much also，From the area、The region to the national，And primary school、Middle school、High school、University games......This to those who are interested in the development of higher level to give the children a chance to all kinds of game。This popularity is a kind of social great popularization。And in our country，First is the sport of diving coverage is very narrow，Only in the professional leagues and who level。second，The only so several game every year，Also on set the athletes on the various restrictions registered identity，Our diving is if you inside the a small groups。”

　　这几年，中国人也开始重新审视奥运金牌的价值，一个运动项目并不是只得了奥运金牌就是成功的。尤其对体操和跳水这种优势项目来说，普及性严重不足已成为这些项目能否持续发展的致命软肋。一旦中国竞技体育屡遭诟病的“金牌战略”被废止，没有群众基础做依托的运动项目，即使过去再辉煌，其生命力也将变得十分脆弱。中国竞技体育历史上已经有过太多这方面的教训，中国女足在10年时间里从巅峰跌入谷底就是一个典型例子。

Over the past few years，The Chinese also reviewing the value of the gold medal in the Olympics，A sports and not have to the gold medal in the Olympics is successful。Especially for gymnastics and diving this advantage for project，A serious shortage of popularity has become the sustainable development of the project fatal weakness。Once the Chinese sports by repeatedly for“Gold medal strategy”Is abolished，No mass base is done rely on sport，Even if the past and future，Their vitality will also become very vulnerable。Chinese sports history has had too much of this lesson，Chinese women's football in 10 years time with the peak fall to the floor is a typical example。

在中国扩大普及并非不现实 In China's expanding popular not reality

　　“跳水的开展和普及，过去确实受到过硬件的限制。”于芬表示，“但现在，这个问题不存在了。国内连很多小城市都修建了带有跳水台的游泳场馆，这些场地完全可以利用起来。”

“Diving the development and popularization，The past was really a hardware restrictions。”Finn said in，“But now，This problem does not exist。Even many small cities domestic built with diving platform of swimming pool，These sites can use up。”

　　跳水运动的普及不光是为了培养竞技人才，而是要让更多的人了解、参与和体验跳水。于芬从2002年开始在清华大学开设面向普通大学生的跳水课，“大学生选修跳水课的热情之高，超出了我的想象。”于芬介绍说，“从最早每学期开设一个班，而后扩增到两个班、三个班直至现在的四个班，仍不能满足学生的需求。这让我相信，跳水绝对不是人们印象中的一个小众的体育项目，它完全可以走出一片更广阔的天地。”

The popularity of the sport of diving is not only for cultivating competitive talents，But to let more people know about、Participation and experience the diving。Finn in from 2002 to and at tsinghua university for ordinary university students to open the diving lesson，“College students take the enthusiasm of the high diving course，Beyond my imagination。”Finn said that in，“From the earliest each semester has a class，And then swell to two class、Three class until now of four class，Still cannot meet the needs of their students。This let me believe，Diving absolutely not people in a small impressed all the sports，It can completely out of a wider world。”

　　跳水对普通参与者的吸引力既来自体育运动的共性，如给参与者带来的运动快感和乐趣、有一定的挑战性、提高参与者的运动机能等，还来自这个运动项目的个性。在上过跳水课的大学生写给于芬的感想中，记者看到，每一位大学生都对第一次从高台上跳入水中的体验记忆犹新，那种战胜内心恐惧的成就感，是大学生们很难通过其他社会生活方式获得的。正因为如此，这些大学生才更能真正理解一名跳水选手以高难度的动作和优美身姿跃入水中时，体现的究竟是怎样的一种人类精神。

Diving for ordinary participants from both the appeal of sports general character，As to the movement of the participants bring pleasure and fun、Be a challenge、Improve the function of the movement of participants, etc，But from the sports personality。In the course of college students to diving in the Finn feeling，The reporter sees，Every college students for the first time on the high jump into the water from the experience of the mind，That victory over fears sense of accomplishment，Is the university students through other social life style is difficult to obtain。Because of this，These college students just more to really understand a diver to of difficult movements and beautiful posture leap into the water，Reflect what is it actually a kind of human spirit。

　　今年5月，清华大学举行学校跳水比赛，竟吸引了200多位学生参加，而每年举办的一些全国性的跳水比赛上，也未必能有这么多参赛选手。

In may this year，Tsinghua university a school diving competition，But has attracted more than 200 students，And the annual some national diving competition，Is unlikely to have so many competitors。

　　当一个运动项目走向了大众，它的整个视野也会豁然开朗。

When a sport to the public，It's the whole vision also will be enlightened。

　　同样是竞技体操强国，中美之间的差异却十分显著。在美国，高度普及的体操运动不仅培养出数以千万计的体操运动爱好者，也奠定了美国竞技体操，尤其是女子项目长盛不衰的基础。乔良介绍，很多美国女孩子为了塑造身形都在业余时间练体操，美国的体操比赛常常是一票难求，收视率居于各类电视节目前列，整个体操运动已形成一条社会影响和经济效益显著的产业链。

The same is athletics gymnastics power，The differences between China and America are very significant。In the United States，Highly popular gymnastics movement not only training to thousands of gymnastics three-dimensional sports lovers，But also established American athletics gymnastics，A especially the women project the basis of longevity。QiaoLiang introduced，Many American girls to portray shape in their leisure time practice gymnastics，American gymnastics competition is often a ticket, it is difficult to find，Ratings in various kinds of TV programmes is front row，The whole gymnastics movement has formed a social influence and the economic benefit is remarkable industrial chain。

　　而中国的体操给很多国人的感觉仍是苦、伤、累的形象，又有多少中国家长会支持自己的孩子练体操？

While China's gymnastics to many of the people feel is still bitter、injury、Tired image，How many Chinese parents will support their children practice gymnastics？

　　1984年洛杉矶奥运会以来，跳水和体操是为中国代表团贡献奥运金牌数量最多的两个项目，中国运动员也为这些项目的普及开展提供了充分的人气保证，“既然中国在这些项目上能够长时间保持世界领先，说明我们在尖端是具备完善的训练方法的。”于芬表示，“反过来，如果对资源配置、政策制订还有一些相关的配套措施，国家能够给予更大的支持，我想，这些项目的普及开展，一定会为我们国家继续保持优势做更充分的铺垫。”

Since the 1984 Olympics in Los Angeles，Diving and gymnastics is the Olympic gold for the Chinese delegation contribution to the largest number of two projects，Chinese athletes for the popularity of these projects are in the popularity of providing full guarantee，“Since China in these projects can long remain the world's leading，Shows that we in the tip is has perfect training methods。”Finn said in，“In turn，If the allocation of resources、Policies and some relevant supporting measures，Countries can give more support，I want to，The popularity of the project development，Will continue to keep the advantage for our country to do a full matting。”

　　但目光紧盯奥运金牌的中国体育主管部门，能够利用好优势项目的社会影响力，让小众化的优势运动项目走向大众吗？“普及的前提还是大家要给竞技体育一个新的定位，这些好的项目，虽然它现在面对的是小众人群，但是我们怎么能让大众人群感受到它的教育价值，或者是对人们的工作生活起到有益的作用，这是需要做的，也是一个运动项目长远发展所必须的。”于芬表示，“一个运动项目如果仅有几个人玩，它就变得畸形了。”(慈鑫)

But staring at the Olympic gold medal of China's sports authority，To make good use of the advantage of the project social influence，Let all the advantages of small sports to the public？“The popularity of the premise or everybody to want to give athletic sports a new location，These good project，Even though it is now face is small the crowd，But how can we make public the crowd to feel its education value，Or is the life of people work has beneficial effects，It is needed to do，Also a sports to the long-term development。”Finn said in，“A sports if only a few people to play，It will become abnormal。”(CiXin)