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联合国专家:文化遗产地“表演文化”令人担忧--亲民维稳网络舆情监测室
2012-07-27

   “我们走进中国西南的任何一个民族景点,迎接我们的都是长桌饭和歌舞表演。”这是参加生态文明贵阳会议的联合国教科文组织驻华代表处专家杜晓帆对于传统的“民族游”的第一感受。杜晓帆告诉记者,这类“民族游”还有一个专业代名词“表演文化”,目前中国的各类文化遗产地和民族景区普遍存在着“表演文化”的现象,令人担忧。  “We walked in the southwest China's any a national scenic spots,To meet our are long rice and singing and dancing。”This is going to take part in the meeting of the ecological civilization guiyang UNESCO representative office experts DuXiaoFan for traditional“National swimming”First feeling。DuXiaoFan told reporters,This kind of“National swimming”There is a professional pronoun“Performance culture”,The present China's all kinds of cultural heritage and national scenic area there are generally“Performance culture”phenomenon,worrying。

  “就拿一些住在福建土楼里的村民来说,他们现在全部都变成了演员,游客才是他们生活的主体。”杜晓帆告诉记者,居住在供游客游览的福建土楼里面的村民,连空调都不能装,因为那样对于游客来说就“不自然”了。“更有趣的是,他们住在里面,却连鸡鸭都不能养,因为有游客因为踩到鸡屎而投诉过。”杜晓帆说。

“Take some live in fujian adobe for the villagers,Now they all became an actor,Life is the subject of their visitors。”DuXiaoFan told reporters,Living in the fujian adobe for tourists around the inside of the villagers,Even the air conditioning can't loaded,Because that is to visitors“natural”the。“More interesting is,They live in,But even the chickens, ducks can raise,Because there are tourists because stepped on chicken excrement and complaints。”DuXiaoFan said。

  在生态文明贵阳会议文化遗产保护与旅游发展论坛上,不少专家表示,中国式的“表演文化”当前侵蚀着大多数的中国文化遗产景点。“当下,由于旅游的入侵,很多当地人的本来生活的文化,变成了表演形式。”杜晓帆认为这类“表演式文化”对各民族地区的文化造成了很大的负面影响。

Ecological civilization in guiyang meeting cultural heritage protection and tourism development BBS,Many experts say,Chinese“Performance culture”The current eroding the most Chinese cultural heritage sites。“then,Because of the invasion of the tourism,Many locals was living culture,Into the form of performance。”DuXiaoFan think this class“Performance type culture”The culture of all national regions did a lot of negative effects。

  同济大学建筑学院教授韩锋对由此类“表演文化”而引发的对文化遗产保护带来的问题,更为担忧。“在文化遗产保护的工作中,最为核心、最为重要的就是它真实性和完整性。只有完整地知道、理解它的真实性和完整性,你才知道怎么样去保护它、去深化它。”韩锋说。

Tongji university school of architecture of professor of han feng by such“Performance culture”And the cause of protecting cultural heritage of the problems,More concern。“In the cultural heritage protection work,Most core、The most important is its authenticity and integrity。Only fully know、Understand that it is true and complete,You know how to protect it、To deepen its。”Han feng said。

  怎样去掉这些中国式“表演文化”,还原文化的本质?杜晓帆认为,最重要的是要让这些文化的主体即文化的承载人意识到他们本身的重要性。“其实,我们感兴趣的、想保护的,并不是某一种舞蹈、某一种歌曲、或者是某一种美酒,最让我们想要保护的,是文化遗产的承载者本身,他们的生活方式、思想模式。”杜晓帆说,只有这些文化遗产的承载者认识到自身的重要性,他们才会摒弃他们已经习惯的“表演模式”,从而去掉这类中国式的“表演文化”,还原文化最本真的面貌。

How can I get rid of these Chinese“Performance culture”,The essence of the culture of reduction?DuXiaoFan think,The most important thing is to let these cultural subject or the cultural carrying people realized the importance of their own。“In fact,We are interested in、Want to protect the,And is not a certain kind of dance、A certain songs、Or is a kind of wine,The most let we want to protect,Is the bearer of the cultural heritage of itself,Their way of life、Thought patterns。”DuXiaoFan said,Only the cultural heritage of the load to know the importance of their own,They will abandon the they have been accustomed to“Performance mode”,To remove this kind of Chinese“Performance culture”,The face of the most essential reduction culture。

  “随着社会的发展,文化遗产与文化遗产地的被城市化是不可避免的。就拿贵州侗族来说,也许很多年以后,他们的民居改变了、服装改变了,但是只要他们的鼓楼不变就没有问题。”同济大学建筑与城市规划学院副院长周俭说,因为鼓楼是侗族人民作为族姓群体的外形标志和集会议事及娱乐活动的场所,对于侗族人意义重大,代表着他们的民族精神、甚至民族自信。

“With the development of the society,Cultural heritage and cultural heritage of urbanization is inevitable。Take for guizhou dong,Maybe after many years,Their residence changed、Costume changes the,But as long as their gulou unchanged, no problem。”Tongji university architecture and urban planning, vice President of the college ZhouJian said,Because the drum is dong people as a group of bhikkhus appearance marks and rally on the place and recreation,For the dong is of great significance,Represents their national spirit、Even national self-confidence。

  与会专家在论坛上传达出了这样的观念:“表演文化”只是一时的,每个民族、每一种文化都在不断地变化发展,当前的“表演形式”很快就会被新的“表演形式”所代替。对于文化遗产的主体来说,只有意识到自身的重要性,才能以不变应万变,真正地将各类文化及文化遗产流传下去。

The experts in the BBS on this idea conveyed:“Performance culture”Is just a temporary,Each nation、Every culture is in constant change development,The current“Performance form”Will soon be new“Performance form”of。For cultural heritage for the subject,Only aware of the importance of their own,Can with changeless should,Really will all kinds of culture and cultural heritage legacy down。



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