同为古村落，为什么两者相差这么大？还是因为政府财力有限。为了解决缺钱的问题，苏州市日前出台政策，鼓励民间资本进入古村落的保护工程，该政策效果如何，目前还有待观察。

For the ancient village with，Why both differ so big？Or because the government financial resources are limited。In order to solve the problem of lack of money，Suzhou has a policy，Encourage private capital into the ancient village protection engineering，The policy effect how，At present remains to be seen。

杨湾村很多古建筑成危房 YangWan village many ancient buildings into dangerous house

　　杨湾村与陆巷同在苏州吴中区东山镇，也是苏州市首批控制保护古村落，这里不仅明清建筑数量多，光国家级文保单位就有元代轩辕宫、明代怀荫堂与明善堂三处。然而，今日的杨湾，却没有像陆巷、明月湾那样光鲜亮丽，村内所存的39处明清建筑损坏得十分厉害。

YangWan village and lu lane with suzhou wuzhong district dongshan town，The first is the control and protection of suzhou city ancient villages，Not only the Ming and qing dynasties buildings quantity，National WenBao units have light yuan yuan dynasty palace、The Ming dynasty conceived hall accidentally in the shadow and three。however，Today's YangWan，But no like lu lane、The bright moon bay that hot，The village with 39 place so severe damage to the Ming and qing dynasties buildings。

　　历史上，杨湾商业发达，老街上当铺、杂货店、客栈、书场云集。村内有一条著名的“明代一条街”，与两侧的街巷构成“鱼骨”状村落格局。幽幽小巷里，元、明、清和民国多个朝代的建筑比比皆是。村里还有30多口古井，500年树龄以上的古树就有十多棵。

history，YangWan business developed，Old pawnbroker the street、Grocery store、inn、Environment gathered。The village has a famous“Ming street”，And on both sides of the street to form“herringbone”Shape village pattern。Faint alley in，yuan、Ming、The republic of several dynasties and building can be found everywhere。The village and 30 Buddha shows，More than 500 year-old old tree has more than ten tree。

　　然而，这条极具文化价值的“明代一条街”，已经被三轮车、电动车等交通工具压得坑坑洼洼。设计之初，老街旁预留了排水沟，但村民为了进出家门推车方便，纷纷铺设了水泥斜坡，导致排水沟堵塞，一到下雨，脏水就会漫到街面上。

however，This extremely cultural value of the article“Ming street”，Has been tricycle、Electric cars and other vehicles to pressure bumpy。At the beginning of the design，The old street to reserve the gutter，But villagers to cart convenient in and out of the house，Have laid the cement slope，Lead to drain plug，One to rain，The dirty water will be filled to JieMianShang。

　　不仅如此，杨湾村里，破败的古式建筑随处可见，即使是全国文保单位明善堂，木质建筑的损害程度也很厉害。有的古宅甚至只剩下屋顶和房柱，有的村民对老房子翻建，破坏了原有的格局，就连全国文保单位怀荫堂旁，也突兀起一座欧式乡村小别墅，十分扎眼。

Not only that，YangWan the village，Dilapidated old buildings can be seen everywhere，Even if is the national WenBao accidentally unit，The wooden building damage is severe。Some old even only roofs and room and pillar，Some villagers in old house turn over，Destroy the original pattern，Even the national WenBao unit with the shadow hall，Also abrupt up a European country cottage，sporty。

　陆巷明月湾古村落得到妥善保护 The moon bay the ancient village land lane getting proper protection

　　和杨湾一样，陆巷在东山的历史发展上也有很重要的地位，但它幸运地成为了第一批受保护的古村落。

And YangWan as，Lu lane in the historical development of the dongshan there is also very important position，But it lucky enough to be the first batch of protection of the ancient village。

　　陆巷古村，因村内文宁、康庄、旗杆、古西、蒋家、韩家等六条巷而得名。六巷内密布着明代宰相王鏊故居等30多处明清建筑，古紫石街上高耸着探花、会元、解元三座明代牌楼……漫步陆巷，感觉就像走进了一所古村博物馆。

The ancient village land lane，Because of the village temple nevin、royal、flagpole、The ancient west、The Chiang family、Korea's home six lane the name。Six lane densely covered in Ming dynasty former prime minister WangAo more than 30 buildings in the Ming and qing dynasties，The ShiJie high on the TanHua purple、HuiYuan、XieYuan three a Ming dynasty arches……Stroll lu lane，Feel like into the ancient village a museum。

　　陆巷能顺利地得以保护，着实下了一番功夫。苏州市东山旅游开发公司副总经理王艺群介绍说，改革开放后，陆巷的村民纷纷要建新房，原有古宅日渐破败，这座源自南宋的古村岌岌可危。1998年，民间资本就出资对南宋宰相叶梦德的故居宝俭堂进行了保护开发，而政府也出资对王家祠堂、怀德堂进行修缮。陆巷成为苏州第一个在政府与民间资本的共同运作下，以“镇旅游公司牵头，村民以古建筑入股，民间资本合作”的方式进行开发保护的古村。

Lu lane can successfully protected，Really a kung fu under。Suzhou dongshan tourism development the vice general manager WangYiQun introduced said，After the reform and opening，The villagers have to land lane to build new homes，The original is dilapidated old，This comes from the ancient village of the southern song dynasty is in danger。1998 years，Private capital contribution is to the prime minister YeMengDe home treasure hall to protect and develop，The government also to the capital contribution ancestral temple、Laura ingalls Wilder hall repairs。Lu in suzhou lane first in the government and the private capital common operation under，to“Town tourism company takes the lead，The ancient building to a shareholder，Folk capital cooperation”The modes of the development of the ancient village protection。

　　在太湖西山岛南端，有座地形宛如一弯明月的古村，2500年前的春秋时期，吴王夫差携西施在此共赏明月，此处因而得名“明月湾”。唐代，明月湾已闻名遐迩，大诗人白居易、刘长卿等都曾在此留下过赞美的诗作，皮日休更是直言：“试问最幽处，号为明月湾。”

Xishan island in the taihu lake south end，A terrain is like a curved bright moon of the ancient village，2500 years ago the spring and autumn period，Prince with in this totally super-duke xi the moon，Hence its name here“Moon bay”。The tang dynasty，The bright moon bay has its fame，Big poet bai juyi、LiuChangQing etc have had left in this poem of praise，PiRiXiu is the truth：“Ask the most quiet place，Number is the bright moon bay。”

　　明月湾敦伦堂是明代姚家老宅，2007年，同礼和堂、裕耕堂一起，由政府出资修缮后向社会开放。为确保村民利益，金庭镇政府以每月2.5元/平方米的标准向村民支付租金，而村民也被“吸纳”为这处景点的管理员。

The bright moon bay hall is the Ming dynasty, Aaron yao is old curtilage home，2007 years，Ritual and hall with、Margin with plow hall，Funded by the government after the repair open to the society。To ensure that the villagers' interests，Kim dinh township government to 2.5 yuan/square metre per month of standards to the villagers to pay rent，And the villagers were also“absorb”The sites for the administrator。

　　现在村民空闲下来，会把破损的篱笆扎扎好，也会在房前屋后栽上四季花果。棋盘式的老街井然有序，鸡犬相闻，颇有世外桃源的味道。

Now the villagers free down，Will be broken fence firm firm，Also in front of the house to the back of the flowers planted four seasons。Board type of old street orderly，Is unacquainted with dog &chicken，There is quite a xanadu flavor。

新政策鼓励民资参与保护 The new policy to encourage participation in what was the protection

　　古村落的保护很难，即便陆巷和明月湾，也有着各自不可承受之重，这就急需政策为它敞开一扇门。

The ancient village protection is difficult，Even if lu lane and bright moon bay，Also have their respective unbearable heavy，This calls for policy for open a door。

　　苏州市政协委员史建华认为，社会力量的加入对于古村落的保护大有裨益。古村落修缮必须修旧如旧，代价非常大。光靠政府出资显然不够，而拥有古建筑的村民又往往没钱修复。吸引更多的社会资金参与，是解决这一问题的出路所在。

The Chinese people's political consultative conference ShiJianHua think of suzhou city，Social forces to join for the protection of the ancient village greatly。The ancient village instancing must repair，Price is very big。Capital contribution by the government, it was light，And the purpose of the villagers and often have no money to repair。Attract more social capital to participate，Is the solution of this problem in a way out。

　　社会资金的参与，则会碰到土地属性、房屋产权等问题。古村落的房子几乎都建在宅基地上，国家规定，宅基地使用权不可买卖。以往，民资参与修复古建筑，只能通过租用的方式对古建筑进行有限使用，这在很大程度上打击了民间资本进入的积极性。村民自己修不起，民间资本也没什么兴趣，财政又负担不起，这是古村保护的最大难题。

The participation of social capital，They get land property、House property rights, etc。The ancient village house almost were built in the land，State regulations，Where the right not buying and selling。previous，What was the ancient building in repair，Only by way of ancient architecture for rent of limited use，This is largely hit the folk capital into the enthusiasm。The villagers themselves can't afford to fix，Private capital has little interest in，Financial and can't afford it，This is the ancient village protection of the biggest problems。

　　今年6月，苏州市政府出台了《关于加强苏州市古村落保护和利用的实施意见》，对古村落保护中最棘手的房屋产权问题，有了明确的解决办法。根据《意见》，宅基地将打破“不可买卖”的局面，村落中的古建筑可以由政府或国企打包回收，转宅基地为国有土地。改变产权人后，古建筑的修复可以吸引民间资本来做。民间资本负责对古建筑进行修缮，并且严格按照文物部门的相关规定对房屋进行有限利用，便能买下房屋。

In June this year，Suzhou city government introduced《Suzhou ancient village on strengthening protection and utilization of the implementation opinions》，The ancient village to protect the toughest house property right，With definite solution。According to《opinion》，Homestead will break“Not buying and selling”situation，The ancient village by the government or state-owned enterprises can pack recovery，Turn homestead for state-owned land。Change after property right person，The restoration of the ancient buildings can attract private capital to do。Private capital is responsible to the ancient building repairs，And in strict accordance with the relevant provisions of the cultural relics department of limited use of houses，He can buy houses。

　　“不得不说，这给古村落的保护打开了一扇门。”一位专家说。

“Have to say，This to the protection of the ancient village has opened the door。”One expert said。