今年,河南开封千亿“再造汴京”的新闻令舆论哗然。而在山西大同,耗资上百亿元的古城再造计划却早在2008年就已展开。

This year,Henan kaifeng one hundred billion"Reengineering tomb sweeping festival"The news makes public outcry.And in shanxi datong,Cost tens of billions of dollars of the old city reconstruction plan but as early as in 2008 he had spread.

　　面对目前全国各地风起云涌的古城复兴工程,旅游专家认为,地方政府权力过大、缺少科学论证程序、政府任期内追求政绩等,是主要原因,现有法律很难进行限制。因为很多情况下开发方案的提出属于审美问题、投资问题和知识问题。但是,在规划方案的专业性、科学性、透明性方面立法进行程序控制,可以一定程度上防止这类现象的发生。

Faced with the throughout the country the turbulent world city Renaissance engineering,Travel experts say,The local government has too much power/The lack of scientific verification procedure/The government in term of the pursuit of achievements, etc,Is the main reason,Existing law is difficult to limit.Because in many cases the development plan to submit the aesthetic problems/Investment and knowledge problem.but,In the planning of the professional/scientific/Transparency on legislation to program control,Can to a certain extent, prevent the occurrence of this phenomenon.

　　在近日接受《法制日报》记者采访时,有专家强烈建议在旅游法中恢复旅游功能区规划这一条款。“恢复”,是指目前正在公开征求意见的旅游法草案的早期讨论稿中,曾经有过相关规定。

In the recently accepted[Legal daily]A reporter to interview,Some experts strongly suggest supply in recover tourism area planning this clause."recovery",Refers to the public to solicit their opinions are the draft supply early in the discussion paper,Once had the relevant provisions.

　　据北京第二外国语学院法政学院院长杨富斌教授介绍,讨论稿中有一章名为“旅游资源的保护和利用”,内容包括发展规划、功能区规划、跨区域规划、项目规划、规划单位和人员资质、旅游资源保护要求、旅游资源所有权、管理权和经营权分离、旅游资源开发与当地居民利益关系等,是一套完整的制度体系。但是,因旅游资源涉及部门多,内容较为敏感,最后修改为现在的第三章“旅游规划和促进”,而且内容上只保留了较为模糊的“旅游发展规划”,在第二十一条第二款规定了“旅游发展规划可以根据需要对旅游活动聚集的特定区域内的项目、设施和功能配套提出专门要求。”

According to the Beijing second foreign language institute legal YangFuBin dean professor is introduced,There is a chapter in the discussion paper called"Tourism resources protection and utilization",Contents include development planning/Area planning/Cross regional planning/Project planning/Planning units and personnel qualifications/Tourism resources protection requirements/Tourism resources ownership/Management right and the right of management separates/Tourism resources development and local residents interests, etc,Is a set of complete system.but,Because of the tourism resources involves many departments,Content more sensitive,The third chapter is amended as now"Tourism planning and promote",On the content and only retains the relatively vague"Tourism development planning",In paragraph 2 of article 21 the"Tourism development planning can according to need to gather a particular area of the tourist activities within the project/Facilities and supporting functions puts forward special requirements."

　　北京大学旅游研究与规划中心主任、国际旅游学会秘书长吴必虎教授在接受《法制日报》记者采访时,强烈建议在旅游法中恢复旅游功能区规划这一条款,以规制各个利益冲突方的法律关系。

Beijing university, director of the center for tourism research and planning/International tourism institutional secretary-general wu will tiger professor in accepting[Legal daily]A reporter to interview,It is highly recommended to recover tourism supply function planning this clause,All conflict of interest with regulation of the legal relation of the party.

　　吴必虎提出,现有的与旅游活动相关的旅游资源立法,涉及城乡规划法、环境保护法、文物保护法、森林法、水法、土地管理法、风景名胜区管理条例、自然保护区条例等多种资源与环境立法。这些立法不少脱胎于立法法之前的部门法,其中隐藏了不少部门利益保护与寻租的空间,也与中国现代化、工业化为主导的社会经济发展背景有关,目前中国已经进入了工业化与后工业化并行的阶段,现代服务业与休闲社会发展要求已经对原有立法体系提出了新的要求。

Wu tiger will put forward,The existing and tourism activities related to the tourism resources legislation,Involved in urban and rural planning/Environmental protection law/On the protection of cultural relics/Forest law/water/Land administration law/Scenic area management regulations/Nature reserve regulations and so on the many kinds of resources and environmental legislation.These legislation many emerged from the legislative law department before,The hide a lot of department benefit protection and rent-seeking of space,And with the China's modernization/As the main industry of the social economic development on the background,At present China has entered the industrialization and the industrialization parallel stage,Modern service industry and leisure and social development request has been the original legislation system put forward new requirements.

　　比如,风景名胜区长期以提供观赏即观光旅游产品为主,长期形成了门票经济的格局,而对国民不断增长的休闲度假需求没有相应的考虑和立法响应;文物法对不可移动文物毁损后的重建、再现或活化,缺少相应的考虑或显得力不从心;面对目前全国各地风起云涌的古城复兴工程,政府行为缺少引导与规范。

For example,Scenic spot long-term to provide ornamental namely tourism product mainly,Long-term formed tickets and economic pattern,And to the national growing leisure vacation needs no corresponding consideration and legislative response;For the protection of cultural relics shall not mobile cultural relic reconstruction after the damage/Reproduction or activation,The lack of corresponding consideration or ragged;Faced with the throughout the country the turbulent world city Renaissance engineering,The government behavior lack of guidance and specification.

　　杨富斌认为,国家要促进旅游产业发展,把旅游产业作为国民经济支柱性产业去做,并且把“保护和合理利用旅游资源,促进旅游业持续健康发展”(总则第一条)作为旅游立法宗旨的内容,就必须处理好旅游资源的保护和利用的关系。而要处理好这一关系,就必须做好一系列旅游规划,包括旅游发展规划、功能区规划、跨区域规划、项目规划等,这是一套完整的制度体系,必须由国家通过法律和相应制度来确立。

YangFuBin think,Countries should promote the development of tourism industry,The tourism industry of the national economy as its business to do,and"The protection and rational utilization of the tourism resources,To promote the sustained and healthy development of tourism"(General article 1)As the content of the tourism aim of legislation,It should deal well with tourism resources protection and utilization of the relationship.To deal with this contradiction,We must do a series of tourism planning,Including tourism development planning/Area planning/Cross regional planning/Project planning, etc,This is a set of complete system,Must by the state through the law and the corresponding system to establish.