古村落快速消失 Ancient village is fast disappearing

　　古村落是指在美术、建筑、民俗上有独特历史文化价值，有一定历史年限、规模，现在仍活态存在的村落。据中国文联副主席冯骥才介绍，目前全国有230万个村庄，依旧保存与自然相融合的村落规划、代表性民居、经典建筑、民俗和非物质文化遗产的古村落还剩下两三千座，而在2005年还有约5000个，7年消失近一半。

Ancient village is to point to in art/building/Folk on the unique historical and cultural value,Have a certain historical fixed number of year/scale,Now still alive state existing village.According to China's vice chairman of the federation of 冯骥才 is introduced,At present the country's 2.3 million villages,Still preserved and the integration of natural villages planning/Representative residential/Classical architecture/Folk and non-material cultural heritage of ancient village 两三千座 left,In 2005, there are about 5000,Seven years disappear nearly half.

　　古村落正以惊人的速度毁坏，有的居民迁居新房，旧房无人理会，很快自然毁坏；有的村民在村里修建了一些现代形式的新房，破坏了其传统风貌；更有些古村落在旅游开发中被人为“掏空”了，成为没有原住民的“空心村”。

Ancient village is destroyed at an alarming rate,Some residents relocation bridal chamber,Old house no one pay attention to,Soon natural destroy;Some villagers in the village built some modern forms of bridal chamber,Destroyed its traditional style;More some ancient village in the tourism development is human"empty"the,Be not the indigenous peoples"Hollow village".

　　深秋的洞八岭村显得格外萧条。这是一座房屋上下畅通、户户贯通、院院连通的古村落，具有全民防御特色和完整的排水系统。而现在，倒塌的墙体、椽檐、门匾触目惊心。

Late autumn hole eight ridge village was extraordinarily depression.This is a house open up and down/Family through/Yuan yuan connected ancient village,Has the national defense characteristics and complete drainage system.And now,Collapsed wall/Rafter eaves/MenBian deceived.

　　中华孔子学会会员、全球谢氏联谊总会名誉会长谢小品说，洞八岭村是谢氏源头，是周宣王为其元舅申伯祖封建之古谢城的活化石。房屋匾额上刻有《诗经》的“南土是保”“南国是式”“陈留世裔”等句子，拥有“蟠龙”“麒麟”“太极图”的屋檐砖雕、“龙凤”饰纹以及12棵直径4米左右的古槐等。由于缺少保护，这个具有重要文化和文物价值的古村落濒临消失，55%的建筑物已经倒塌，只有寥寥几个孤寡老人还居住在村子里。

The Confucius academician/Global rhythm fellowship always honorary President XieXiaoPin said,Hole eight ridge village is the source of his photographs,ZhouXuanWang is for the yuan's brother ShenBoZu feudal of ancient XieCheng of living fossil.Houses with board[The book of odes]of"South soil is the""Austral is type""Chen ShiYi leave"Sentences such as,have"height""kirin""Diagram of the universe"The eaves of brick/"longfeng"Decorative and 12 tree diameter 4 m or so magnificence, etc.Due to the lack of protection,This has important cultural value and cultural relics of the ancient village on the verge of extinction,55% of the buildings have collapsed,Only a few lonely old people still live in the village.

　　在另一个中国历史文化名村张壁古堡，村民将要和自己祖祖辈辈居住的村子告别。目前，张壁村外投资1亿元建设的古堡新村工程已接近收尾，搬迁工作将在今年年底陆续展开。

In another Chinese history and culture village name zhang wall castles,The villagers will and his from generation to generation living village farewell.At present,Zhang outside the wall invest 100 million yuan to build castles of saemaul undong engineering has come close to ending,Removal work will be in the end of this year has been spread out.

　村子丢了“灵魂” Lost village"soul"

　　目前，我国城镇化率已经从1980年的19.4%增加到2011年的51.27%，城镇人口首超农村，达到6.9亿人。几十年来市场经济和城市化浪潮，再加上新农村建设，使成千上万个古村落面临威胁。

At present,Our country urbanization rate has been increased from 19.4% in 1980 to 51.27% in 2011,The first super rural urban population,Up to 690 million people.For decades the market economy and urbanization wave,Plus the new rural construction,Make thousands of ancient village threatened.

　　随着城镇化快速推进，遗产保护与旧房改造之间矛盾突出。相当一部分古村落既不是文物保护点，又属于私产，当地文物部门除了呼吁没有更多办法。一些地方大量拆建老房子兴建新楼房，原住民“真空化”现象严重。

With the rapid development of urbanization,Heritage protection and reconstruction the obvious contradiction between old house between.Quite a number of ancient village is neither point of the protection of cultural relics,And belong to private property,The local cultural relics departments in addition to call for no more.Some places a lot of construction and demolition old house construction of new buildings,indigenous"Vacuum change"Phenomenon seriously.

　　另外，文物保护遵循属地管理的原则，但地方政府投入不足、重开发轻保护，没有贯彻“保护第一”的原则，把古村落当作“摇钱树”。

In addition,Cultural relics protection follows the principle of dependency administration,But local the lack of government's input/Heavy development light protection,Did not carry out"Protection first"principle,As the ancient village"Cash cow".

　　张春贵说，虽然说是政府分20%多的收益、个体老板有60%多，村里有10%多，但实际上村里拿不到这么多，每年也就是3万多元。“我也知道应该修旧如旧，但是买不到蓝砖，村里也没人管。”他说。

ZhangChunGui said,Although say government points more than 20% of income/Individual boss have more than 60%,The village is more than 10%,But in fact the village can't get so much,A year is 30000 multivariate."I also know that should fix the restoration of old,But can't buy blue brick,The village also nobody tube."He said.

　　另外，由于多度的旅游开发，原生态的风貌正在退出人们的视野。随着旅游开发，景区里的停车场、餐饮设施、宾馆、道路交通建设等为旅客提供方便的同时，却破坏了古村落原有的宁静和纯朴民风，而原住民的搬迁，则使村子丢了“灵魂”。

In addition,Due to abundance of tourism development,The original style is out of people's field of vision.With the tourism development,Scenic area in the parking lot/Catering facilities/hotel/Road traffic construction, provide convenience for the travelers at the same time,But destroyed the ancient village the original peaceful and simple folkway,And aboriginal removal,The village is lost"soul".

　　冯骥才曾表示说，我国城市风格和个性已荡然无存，能否守住古村落这个“最后的家底”，现在还是未知数。如果不抓紧采取措施，很多古村落可能人们还没来得及认识，就要失去它们了。

冯骥才 had said,Urban style and personality have all gone,Can keep the ancient villages"The last resources",Is still unknown.If you don't grasp take measures,Many ancient village may people haven't even know,Will lose them.