镜头一 Lens a

千年古镇变身购物街 In one thousand, the ancient town Cinderella shopping street

　　每到节假日，沙坪坝区的千年古镇磁器口便人满为患。今年国庆也不例外。据统计，“双节”期间磁器口古镇共接待游客超过百万人次。

Every holiday,The one thousand shapingba district town magnetic device mouth was packed.National Day this year is no exception.According to the statistics,"Double festival"During magnetic device mouth town the total number of tourists received more than people.

　　黄婆婆在镇上生活了40多年，如今的片刻宁静让她不时叹息。她亲眼见证古镇渐渐变身购物街。镇上的原住民相继搬走，留下的大都是商贩。一到节假日，古镇就人满为患，游客都奔着特产、美食而来，一些试图亲近古镇文化的游客，被庞大的人流量所“束缚”。据统计，方圆5万多平米的古镇核心区域内，共有经营商户390多家，整个古镇的商家达450余家。说起随处可见的商业店铺，黄婆婆感到“心痛”，古镇已经不是从前的古镇了。

Huang mother-in-law in town life for more than 40 years,Now the moment of quiet let her sigh from time to time.Her eyes witness town gradually Cinderella shopping street.The town's indigenous people have move away,The left is mostly vendors.Place an order to,The ancient town is packed,Visitors rush the speciality/Food and to,Some tried to close to the ancient town culture of tourists,Is the person that large"bound".According to the statistics,Fangyuan 50000 duopingmi's town core area,There are more than 390 business merchants home,The whole town business more than 450.Speaking of ubiquitous commercial shops,Huang mother-in-law feel"heartache",The ancient town is not the former town.

镜头二 Lens two

百年古庙成棉絮作坊 In one hundred, temple into batting workshop

　　相比熙攘的磁器口，北碚的偏岩古镇则多少保持着“待开发”的原生态。国庆期间，这里迎来了一年之中游客最多的时候，但这个既没有交通优势也缺乏包装的古镇，成了游客匆匆路过的驿站。在这里看到最多的是老旧的房屋、寺庙、戏台，以及沿街打麻将的居民和吆喝生意的商贩。在此生活了60多年的余玉泉老人告诉记者，古镇只有武庙、禹王庙、书楼戏楼、黄葛树四个主要景点，值得城里人来体验的只有镇上宁静、悠闲的生活方式。“这里的黑水滩河常年清澈，游客可以看到村妇们在河里淘米洗菜，以及小孩戏水的场景。”余玉泉说，他最喜欢做的事情是，傍晚时和老友坐在黄葛树下吸旱烟、摆龙门阵。

Compared with the noisy magnetic device mouth,Beibei partial rock town how much is maintained"For development"Original ecological.National Day period,Here ushered in a year when most tourists,But this is no traffic advantage also lack packing town,A tourist in a hurry passing station.See here is the largest old houses/temple/stage,And along the street playing mahjong residents and call business vendors.In the life of more than 60 years YuYuQuan old man told reporters,Town, guanque tower only/YuWang temple/ShuLou is/Yellow oak tree four main attractions,City to experience is the only town quiet/Leisurely way of life."Here the blackwater beach river perennial clear,Visitors can see the country woman rice in the river to wash dishes,And children play with water scene."YuYuQuan said,His most like to do is,In the late afternoon and friends sitting in yellow oak tree suction tobacco/Pendulum story.

　　据了解，古镇里的禹王庙建于道光十二年（1832年）。记者看到，庙前摆放着几个香火摊，妇女们吆喝着让游客买香火拜庙。建于乾隆初年的武庙比禹王庙早几十年历史，但由于被私人买下，现已不能上香。买主张云福说，他已经买了10年，如今他在武庙里做起加工棉絮的生意。

It is understood,The ancient town of YuWang temple built in the light twelve years(In 1832,).The reporter sees,MiaoQian put a few incense stand,Women call and let tourists buy worship temple incense.Emperor qianlong built in the early than YuWang guanque tower temple early decades of history,But because be private buy,Now and can't.Buyers ZhangYunFu said,He has bought 10 years,But now he is in the guanque tower start processing cotton business.

　　如果说偏岩古镇不是资本的“宠儿”，渝北龙兴古镇就幸运得多。然而，被浙商相中并投资包装后，这个有着丰富历史沉淀的古镇却未能幸免于“难”。除了修建一条门窗格式统一的仿古街，外来资本还买断经营权收费。由于住家户与景区“混搭”，除了市井气息，古镇里同样充斥着阵阵麻将声。

If the partial rock town is not capital"pet",YuBei longxing town is much more lucky.however,Be zheshang phase and investment after packaging,This has a rich history of precipitation town failed to survive"difficult".In addition to building a doors and Windows format unified archaize street,Foreign capital management buyout charge.Due to the home door and scenic spot"Mix build",In addition to the breath,The ancient town, also full of the sound of mahjong.

原因 reason

Capital property rights restriction culture protection

　　与历史文化相冲的因素充斥着我市大小古镇，实际上，由于古镇开发商对其文化本身了解不够，缺乏挖掘，文化保护遇到运营资本和产权不明晰等问题。

And the historical culture phase impact factors filled with zhuhai ancient size,In fact,Due to its ancient town developers understand culture itself is not enough,Lack of mining,Cultural protection meet operation capital and property rights problems such as unclear.

　　磁器口古镇管委会产业处处长何陵芸称，一直以来都很难在商业和文化之间找到平衡，最头疼的是，古镇房屋的产权大部分属于私人、房管所或相关单位，并未集中在政府手中，管委会只负责收物业管理等费用。由于房屋产权大部分属私人或单位，管委会的“管理”职权被架空。

Magnetic device mouth town the ac ChanYeChu division chief HeLingYun says,Have been difficult to find a balance between business and culture,The most headaches is,The ancient town the property right of the building most belong to private/FangGuanSuo or related units,Did not concentrated in the hands of the government,The ac is responsible only for the property management fee.Because most of the building property right of private or unit,The ac of"management"Authority be overhead.

　　而在偏岩古镇，由于缺乏资金，尽管当地政府从2007年便开始着手古镇文化保护，但一直未见起色。此外，要对古镇进行维护也很难。古镇上很多建筑都成了危房，亟待修复，但由于缺乏资金支持，一直无法操作。金刀峡镇相关负责人唐先生告诉商报记者，古建筑的修缮和改造，动辄上百万元，但钱从何而来仍是未知数。

And in partial rock town,Because of lack of money,Although the local government from 2007 began to set out to the ancient town culture protection,But always failed to respond.In addition,To the ancient town maintenance is difficult to.In many ancient building has become a dangerous house,To repair,But due to lack of funding,Has been unable to operate.The relevant person in charge of JinDaoXia town tang told business newspaper reporters,The purpose of repair and reconstruction,Frequently millions of yuan,But money come from is still unknown.

　　产权不明晰、管理遇阻、外来资本涌入古镇逐利、古镇变麻将街、乱收费等现象层出不穷。龙兴古镇城建办任主任无奈地说，针对这些现象进行过多次劝说，均未有多少效果。

Property rights are not clear/Tight management/Foreign capital inflows by the ancient town/The ancient town become mahjong street/Fees etc. Phenomenon emerge in endlessly.Longxing town ChengJianBan as director helplessly said,According to these phenomena, many times to persuade,How much are no effect.

　　措施 measures

Local governments have self-help town culture

　　针对日趋流失的古镇文化，一些地方政府也正积极寻求自救。

According to the ancient town is loss of culture,Some local governments are also actively seek self-help.

　　偏岩古镇的武庙、禹王庙和古戏台现已被列为文化保护遗产，由于武庙的产权几年前被私人买走，当地政府正在商谈恢复产权。如今修缮这三处遗产的事宜已提上日程。初步构想是将唐门彩扎工艺搬到镇上来，类似于乌镇的印花蓝布印染手艺，可以让游客亲身体验彩扎手艺，同时成品可以作为旅游产品出售，制作出来的龙头狮头等可以用于演出。舞龙舞狮演出又离不开锣鼓，这样，就把耍锣鼓的手艺也带进来了，形成一个整体。

Partial rock of the ancient town, guanque tower/YuWang temple and ancient stage have been listed as cultural heritage protection,Guanque tower because the property right of a few years ago was bought private,The local government in discussing the recovery property.Now three of the repair of the heritage matters has been put on the agenda.Preliminary idea is to tang door color tie process moved to the town,Similar to wuzhen printed blue cloth dyeing and printing craft,Can let visitors experience the color tie craft,At the same time finished product can be used as a tourism product sell,Made leading lion can be used for performance.The dragon and lion dance performance and without gong and drum,this,Play the drums and gongs craft also take came in,To form a whole.

　　磁器口古镇也计划筛选十个重点院落，打算通过重新改造、文化包装等形式，为展示古镇文化多开几扇“窗”。另外，为契合我市创建老字号集聚区，古镇正计划引进“重庆老字号总汇”项目。

Magnetic device mouth town also plans screening ten key yard,Going to through the reconstruction/Cultural packaging and other forms,To reveal the ancient town culture develop a few fan"window".In addition,Fit for our city to create old concentration area,The ancient town is planning to introduce"Chongqing old club"project.

　　地理论见 Theory to see

To protect the ancient town culture should be scientific planning

　　如何让重庆的古镇文化重放光芒？重庆师范大学旅游学院院长罗兹柏认为，我市虽然有丰富的古镇资源，但多数古镇规模有限，如何在有限的规模中充分挖掘文化，值得深思。他认为，专业的眼光和优秀的策划，是对古镇开发的整体引导，是打造好文化的基础。如何巧妙抓住游客对怀旧的追寻和文化的回归，同时还要兼顾休闲放松的氛围，二者结合起来进行策划很重要，缺一不可。

How to let the ancient town of chongqing cultural replay light?Chongqing normal university tourism, dean of the college of rose that parker,Zhuhai although there are rich ancient town resources,But most of the ancient town scale limited,How to the size of the co., LTD., fully excavating culture,Worth pondering.He thinks,Professional view and good planning,Ancient town is the development of whole guide,Is to make good cultural foundation.How clever catch visitors nostalgia for the search for and the return of the culture,At the same time even give attention to two or morethings leisure relaxed atmosphere,The combined planning is very important,integral.

古镇文化与商业需“兼容” The ancient town culture and business need"compatible"

　　事实上，国内很多古镇景点，都呈现出过度商业化的现象。中国社科院旅游研究中心主任张广瑞接受商报记者采访时说，现在的“文化商业化”给古镇带来很大压力。一方面，游客来古镇本身是为了寻找传统文化、历史底蕴，商业开发或多或少都会改变古镇环境，过度商业化必然导致古镇吸引力降低。另一方面，古镇得以保留至今，一个重要原因是当地的经济和交通欠发达，才能不被时代浪潮淹没，如果现在不抓住契机开发，就难以推动当地经济。因此，文化和商业需要找到一个平衡点。

In fact,The domestic many town attractions,Presents the excessive commercialization phenomenon.By the Chinese academy of social sciences, director of the center for tourism research ZhangGuangRui accept business newspaper reporters,now"Culture commercialization"The ancient town to bring a lot of pressure.On the one hand,Visitors to the ancient town itself is in search of traditional culture/History background,Business development more or less will change town environment,Excessive commercialization inevitably leads to the ancient town less attractive.On the other hand,The ancient town preserved so far,An important reason is that the local economy and traffic less developed,Can not be era tide flooded,If we don't seize the opportunity of development,It will be difficult to promote the local economy.therefore,Cultural and commercial need to find a balance point.

　　在这方面，“乌镇模式”值得借鉴。在乌镇，商业区单独划分，与景点隔开，较好地避免了沿途叫卖的杂乱破坏游客的雅兴。在江浙一带，从商业区走出来的名小吃，如苏州周庄的“万三蹄”、西塘古镇的芡实糕、杭州乌镇的三白酒等，总会勾起游客的食欲，在闲庭信步逛完景区后，游客们反而会有商业消费需求。

In this respect,"Wuzhen mode"Is worth reference for.Wuzhen in,Business district division alone,And scenic spots off,Better to avoid the along the way peddling mixed and disorderly failure tourists friends.In the jiangsu and zhejiang area,Come out from the business district of famous snacks,Such as the suzhou, zhouzhuang"WanSanTi"/The ancient town of xitang Gordon euryale seed cake/Hangzhou wuzhen three liquor, etc,Always remind visitors appetite,Walk around the court in idle after scenic spot,The tourists, on the contrary, will have commercial consumer demand.

　　张广瑞分析称，保护文化并不等于将古镇打造成纯粹的博物馆，而要将文化通过各种方式原汁原味地体现出来。一些东部古镇在文化和历史资源的传承上更显一筹。例如在乌镇，不仅可以看到江南百床馆、江南民俗馆、茅盾纪念堂等纪念性建筑，还能泛“乌篷船”于湖上，以一种特殊的方式“走进”江南水乡。再如苏州同里，以“小桥、流水、人家”的神韵被誉为“东方威尼斯”，古镇核心退思园是苏州古典园林的典型代表，同里因此也成为江南水乡古镇中唯一的世界文化遗产所在地。

ZhangGuangRui analysis says,Protect culture is not equal to the ancient town will be to create a pure museum,And will culture through various ways to appeciate reflected.Some eastern town in the cultural and historical resources lineage more better.For example, in wuzhen,Not only can see jiangnan the bed museum/Jiangnan law UK folk museum/MAO dun memorial hall and commemorative architecture,Can flood"WuPengChuan"In lake,In a special way"into"Jiangnan water.Be like again suzhou alley,to"Bridges/water/Somebody else"The verve of the known as"Oriental Venice",Town core back think garden is the typical representative of classical gardens of suzhou,Alley so also become jiangnan water town, the only world cultural heritage is located.

　　“能够将原住民保留下来，也是古镇民俗民情的一种体现。”张广瑞称，这就产生了一个问题，古镇上的老百姓要靠什么生活？因此，可以适当允许当地百姓搞一些商业经营。

"Native can be retained,The ancient town of the people is a reflection of folk customs."ZhangGuangRui says,This is a problem,Town on the common people to rely on what life?therefore,Can be appropriate to allow local people make some business.