正在审议的《旅游法(草案)》肩负治理“强迫购物”、“投诉无门”等顽疾的使命 Is deliberative[supply(draft)]Shoulder management"Forced shopping"/"TouSuWuMen"The mission of the position, etc

　　一年一度的中秋节和国庆节下月将至，又一个旅游旺季即将来临。目前，《旅游法(草案)》也正在人大的审议过程中。

The annual Mid-Autumn festival and National Day to the next month,And a tourist season is coming.At present,[supply(draft)]Is also the National People's Congress in the process of deliberation.

　　草案共十章98条，对于人们关心的强迫购物、景区票价、维权困难、旅游安全等问题均进行了规范。羊城晚报记者日前走访了旅游业内人士和参与草案制定的专家，试图从行业现状和草案规定中找到针对旅游市场各种顽症的解决方案。

Article 98 a total of 10 draft chapter,For people care about forced shopping/Scenic spots fares/Rights difficult/Tourism safety problem have been described in this specification.The yangcheng evening news reporter has visited the personage inside the tourism industry and to participate in the new draft of experts,Attempts to industry present situation and draft regulation in tourist market found in various fields solutions.

旅游购物 Tourism shopping

　　旅行社组织、接待团队旅游不得指定购物场所，不得强迫或者变相强迫购物，不得安排任何形式的另行付费旅游项目。

Travel agency/Reception team tourism shall not designate any shopping place,May not compel or in a disguised manner compel shopping,Must not arrange any form of further pay tourism projects.

现实： reality:游客出发前都知道要购物 Tourists set off before they know to shopping

　　王冲是安徽某著名风景区从业近十年的导游。面对大家对导游强制购物、利欲熏心的声讨，王冲认为游客也有责任：“现在旅游市场太难做。游客出来旅游，同样的行程，哪个团便宜就跟谁走。”随着旅行社之间的低价竞争日益激烈，从购物中获得补贴便成了旅行社的首选。“其实在组团之前，游客都有和组团社签合同，行程(包括进几个购物店)、住宿标准、餐次、交通、保险和有无小费在上面列得很清楚。他们自己找便宜的团，也明白少不了购物的。”王冲认为游客对强制购物基本抱以默认、顺从态度，当面质疑反对的很少。

WangChong in anhui province is a famous scenic spot from nearly 10 years of tour guide.In the face of everyone to guide forced shopping/Sordid condemn,WangChong think visitors have a responsibility:"Now tourism market too hard to do.Tourists out tourism,The same journey,Which group with cheap who walk."Along with the travel agency of the low price between the increasingly fierce competition,From shopping for subsidies became the first choice of travel agency."Actually before in group,Tourists have ZuTuanShe and sign the contract,stroke(Including into several shopping store)/Accommodation standards/Meal times/traffic/Insurance and have tips in the above listed clearly.They find their own cheap group,Also understand without the shopping."WangChong think visitors to forced shopping basic embrace to default/Obedient attitude,In the face of the question against rarely.

　　对于正在审议的草案，王冲认为即使法律出台，旅行团购物惯例仍然会有：“什么是强制？是客人不同意而采取非常手段。现在旅行团的客人都愿意，在出发前都知道要购物，请问这叫强制吗？而且旅行社也会做出调整来适应。”他告诉记者，整个旅游产业链的源头在于旅游者对产品的选择。旅行社是根据旅游者要求来制定服务标准，导游只是代表示旅行社与游客协议的执行者。所有服务均按协议走，也就是按照游客的理念走。

For the draft is on the fire,WangChong think even laws,Road shopping practice there will still be:"What is forced?Is the guest does not agree to and take very means.Now tour guests are willing to,Before you start all know to shopping,Excuse me, this is called forced?And travel agency also will make adjustments to adapt to."He told reporters,The chains of the tourism industry is the source of tourists to product selection.Travel agency is according to the tourists to make request service standards,Guide just generation with tourists travel agency said the executor of the agreement.All services are go according to the agreement,Also is in accordance with the idea of tourists go.

　　事实上，喜欢消费和购物的游客也不在少数，“前年参团去莫斯科，虽然行程上并没安排观看大剧院演出，但同行的团员一时兴起，主动要求看表演，导游也帮我们调整了行程。虽然额外交了钱，但很值得。”喜爱旅游的关小姐觉得外出旅游难免冲动，“去年十一欧洲旅游，本来只安排去一次专卖打折品的购物中心，结果团里大部分人都觉得没买过瘾，导游给我们又加了一次。难道以后参团旅游就不能同时购物了？”

In fact,Like consumption and shopping tourists also not a few,"The year before last CanTuan to Moscow,Though the journey and didn't arrange watching theater,But fellow member whim,Active request see the show,Guide and help us adjusted the stroke.Although the forehead foreign money,But it's worth it."Loves traveling close miss think traveling is impulse,"Last year 11 European tour,Originally only arranged to go to a monopoly discount shopping center of the product,The results are most people think there didn't buy,Guide to we added a.Don't CanTuan after tourism cannot at the same time the shopping?"

专家： experts:“强迫购物”难界定难取证 "Forced shopping"Difficult to define difficult to obtain evidence

　　对于草案规定旅行社组织、接待团队旅游不得指定购物场所，不得强迫或者变相强迫购物等，参与旅游法起草的北京第二外国语学院副教授王天星认为，这项规定是为了防止旅行社和商家捆绑在一块欺诈消费者。但这里面存在一个“强迫”和“推荐”的区别，如果是旅游者主动要求导游和旅行社推荐购物，并不违反这一条款。王天星直言，“不得强迫或者变相强迫购物”这一条款在实际中很难施行，“强迫购物”难以界定，调查取证难度大。这一条款更大程度上是为了表明国家对强制购物的一种态度。至于“不得安排任何形式的另行付费旅游项目”， 实际操作中，如果旅游者与旅行社达成口头协议，主动要求增加旅游项目，并不违背条款。

The draft regulations for travel service organization/Reception team tourism shall not designate any shopping place,May not compel or in a disguised manner compel shopping, etc,Participate in the drafting of supply Beijing second foreign language institute associate professor WangTianXing think,This rule is to prevent travel agency and businessmen are bound in a fraud consumers.But there exists a"forced"and"recommend"difference,If it is tourists active request tour guide and travel agency recommended shopping,Does not violate the terms.WangTianXing the truth,"May not compel or in a disguised manner compel shopping"This clause in practice, it is difficult to execute,"Forced shopping"Difficult to define,Investigate and collect evidence is difficult.This clause greater extent in order to show that the state compulsory shopping of an attitude.As for"Must not arrange any form of further pay tourism projects", In practical operation,If tourists travel agency with a verbal agreement,The initiative to ask for an increase in tourism projects,Does not violate terms.

　　对于强制购物，《旅游法(草案)》试图从源头上解决问题，规定旅行社不得以低于成本的价格招徕、组织旅游者。可是什么才算“低于成本的价格”，王天星认为，在现实中很难做出硬性规定，因为每个企业的成本都不同，“低于成本的价格”只能进行模糊处理，有些价格如酒店、交通、导游费容易测定，但还有很多价格难以测定，只能测算基本的价格标准。王天星坦言，“这条规定在现实中要发挥作用有难度，但它起码表明了国家对"零负团费"的一种态度。”

For forced shopping,[supply(draft)]Trying to solve the problem from the source,Provisions shall not travel to attract the price lower than the cost/Organization tourists.But what just calculate"The price lower than the cost",WangTianXing think,In reality it is difficult to make hard and fast rules,Because the cost of each enterprise is different,"The price lower than the cost"Can only carry on the fuzzy processing,Some price such as hotel/traffic/Guide fee easy determination,But there are a lot of price is determination,Can only measure the basic price standard.WangTianXing said,"This rule in the reality work has the difficulty,But it at least show that the country to"Zero negative membership fee"Of an attitude."

景区门票 Scenic spot ticket

　　景区有偿收取门票应经过批准。利用公共资源向旅游者开放的景区应实行政府定价或政府指导价，门票价格应体现公益性并逐步减免。

The charge for tickets should be approved.Use of public resources to tourists should be carried out of the government pricing or guided by the government,Ticket price should reflect public welfare and gradually breaks.

现实： reality:假期景区门票“涨”声一片 Holiday scenic spot ticket"rise"Sound a piece of

　　“江山依旧无限，要价更加没边”，这是不少景区涨价声不断的真实写照。一到“五一”、“十一”等节假日，全国各大景区便上涨声一片。今年“五一”，给游客留下印象的除了涨价，还是涨价，景区门票价格也再创历史新高，甚至很多景区的票价是赶在假期来临前“抢涨”。而对节假日景区的涨价潮，人们早已经见怪不怪。景区给出的涨价理由也五花八门，比如成本问题、环境保护、人数控制等等，可细细推敲便会发现，大多都站不住脚。

"Jiangshan still infinite,Price have no side have more",This is a lot of scenic spot price sound continuously true portraiture.One to"The May Day"/"eleven"Holidays such as,The major scenic area will rise sound a slice of.This year"The May Day",To tourists leave the impression in addition to rise in price,Or rise in price,The ticket price is also hit a record high,Even a lot of the fare is driven in holiday before coming"Rob a".For holidays scenic spot prices tide,People have already inured to blame.Given the rise in price reason is multifarious also,Such as cost problem/Environmental protection/Number control, and so on,Can weigh carefully will be found,Mostly untenable.

专家： experts:票价调整由地方政府掌控 Fare adjustment by local government control

　　王天星表示，本来大部分景区依托的都是国有旅游资源，属于全民所有，所有老百姓都有资格参观游览，但国有资源怎么为全民享有却是一个问题。在实际操作中，因为牵扯到地方利益，这样规定的结果只能是大多数的景点会收取门票，“门票价格应体现公益性并逐步减免”很难实现。而且根据现行税制，旅游景区门票属于地方收入，是某些地方政府财政收入的来源。门票价格的高低及其调整，地方政府有相当大的发言权。近年来，绝大多数全国知名旅游景区门票都进行了上浮。尽管也经过了听证，但其结果几乎都是逢听必涨。这其中有合理之处，因为地方政府的收入来源在不断紧缩，而支出事项却日益增多。通过调高门票价格，赚外地人的钱，既增加了政府收入，又不会招致本地民众的怨言，地方政府自然乐见其成。王天星认为，除非减少地方政府通过调高门票扩大收入的冲动，否则很难从根本上解决。

WangTianXing said,Originally most scenic spot are relying on state-owned tourism resources,Belongs to all the people all,All people are eligible for visiting and sightseeing,But how to enjoy the state-owned resources is a problem.In practice,Because be involved in local interests,Such regulations results can only be most attractions tickets will be charged,"Ticket price should reflect public welfare and gradually breaks"Difficult to realize.And according to the current tax system,Tourism scenic spot ticket belongs to local income,Some local government financial source of income.Ticket price height and its adjustment,The local government has quite a greater voice.In recent years,The vast majority of the national famous tourist scenic spot tickets are on the rise.Although it is after the hearing,But the results are almost every listen to will rise.There are shortcomings,Because the local government source of income in the constant tightening,And expenditure items are increasing.Through the adjustable high ticket prices,Make foreigner money,Not only to increase the income of the government,And won't cause local people's complaints,The local government natural love it.WangTianXing think,Unless reduce local government through the adjustable high ticket to expand the impulse of income,Otherwise it is difficult to fundamentally solve.

游客投诉 Tourists complain

　　县级以上人民政府应指定或者设立统一的旅游投诉受理机构，它将拥有一定的强制性监督检查权。

The people's government at or above the county level shall designate or set up a unified tourism complaints an accepting institution,It will have certain mandatory supervision and inspection.

现实： reality:被“坑”游客投诉无门 was"pit"Visitors TouSuWuMen

　　遇到问题投诉无门是很多旅游者的亲身经历。去哪里要个说法，一直是困扰很多旅游者的难题，找媒体投诉，在网上曝料成为一些旅游者的首选。然而，没有专门负责这一领域的主管部门强力介入，被侵害的权益最终得到维护的并不多。

TouSuWuMen problem is a lot of tourists' experience.Where to go to a statement,Many tourists has always been a big problem,Find media complaints,In the online exposure material become the first choice of some tourists.however,No special responsible for this field of departments strong interference,The rights and interests of the injured finally get maintenance is not much.

专家： experts:应予法律相应执法手段 Law enforcement shall be corresponding means

　　旅游法草案专家组成员、中央民族大学法学院教授熊文钊表示，过去是由质监所这样一个事业单位来受理投诉，因为职责不明确，很多旅游者对此并不清楚。旅游法的出台会推动旅游投诉机构的正规化，旅游执法的部门有一个很重要的权力就是旅游监督检查权，以及执行一些强制性措施。比如旅游执法人员实施检查的时候，可以进入旅游经营场所，查阅、复制与监督检查内容有关的合同、票据、账簿以及其他资料。为了制止违法行为和保存证据，旅游执法者可以对被检查的单位和财产以及有关资料采取查封、扣押等强制措施。从旅游法草案的规定来看，旅游投诉的执法力度加大了，让旅游者投诉有门，并有一定强制措施给予保障。熊文钊认为，如果不给予法律执法主体相当的地位和措施、手段，仅仅投诉并不能解决问题。

The draft supply group members/The central university for nationalities law school professor XiongWenZhao said,The past is the ZhiJianSuo such a business unit to accept the complaints,Because the responsibility is not clear,A lot of tourists is not clear about.The promulgation of the supply will promote the normalization of tourist complaint institutions,Tourism law enforcement departments have a very important power is tourism supervision and inspection,And perform some compulsory measures.Such as tourism law enforcement personnel when conducting inspection,Can enter the tourism business premises,Refer to/Copy and supervision and inspection of the content of the contract/bill/Books and other material.In order to stop the illegal act and preserve evidence,Tourism law enforcers to check the unit and property as well as the relevant material take attachment/Arrest compulsory measures, etc.Supply from the provisions of the draft to see,Complaints of tourism law enforcement increased,Let tourists complain door,And a certain compulsory measures to guarantee.XiongWenZhao think,If you don't give law enforcement main body quite status and measures/means,Only the complaint and will not solve the problem.

导游权益 Guide rights

　　要保护导游正当权益。导游人员和领队人员为旅游者提供服务必须接受旅行社委派，不得私自承揽导游和领队业务。

To protect the legitimate rights and tour guide.Guide's personnel and the personnel for travelers to provide service must accept the travel agency assigned,Not to rob the tour guide and leader contracting business.

现实： reality:导服费不够吃一顿饭 Guide service fee is not enough to eat a meal

　　对于如今的现状，十年前的王冲是万万没有料到的。“那时候旅游刚兴起，没有购物店，客人都是高团费。一般人的工资也就三百多，导游带团两天下来补助费就有两百块！现在呢，两天的补助才一百块，甚至都没有！”

For today's situation,Ten years ago WangChong is never expected."At that time travel just rise,No shopping store,The guests are high cost.The average person's salary is more than three hundred,The guide showed group two days off subsidies have two hundred pieces!now,Two days of subsidies to one hundred pieces,Did not even!"

　　对于强制购物的行规，王冲既无奈也没办法，“组团社有利润，"剥削"一层后交给地接社。地接社基本没有利润可赚，只有从购物店拿人头费。导游只是执行者，如果客人不进店，我们签不了人头费，还得自己掏腰包补人头费给地接社。”作为地陪能拿到的提成少得可怜：“游客的总购物额我们拿百分之三回扣，这点回扣还得和司机、全陪和旅行社均分。”

Shopping for forced the guild regulations,WangChong both but didn't also way,"ZuTuanShe have profit,"exploitation"After a layer to DeJieShe.DeJieShe basic no profit,Only from the shopping store and reward.Guide just performer,If the guest does not into the store,We signed the reward,Oneself still have to dig down complement to DeJieShe reward."As a local guide can get a little of the commission:"The total tourists levied we have three percent rebate,This commission have to and driver/All accompany and travel agency averages."

　　王冲有时也带纯玩团，旅行社会相应增加导游服务费。以他为例，如果导游带团不进购物店一天能获得50元的导服费，如果带团进购物店则导服费为零。这让王冲进退两难：带购物团，分到的提成少之又少；带纯玩团，一天的导服费还不够一顿饭钱，只能靠带团的数量多拿点补助。

WangChong sometimes take pure play group,Travel social increase tour guide service charge.He is an example,If the tour guide to take group not into shopping store one day to be able to get 50 yuan of guide service fee,If take group into shopping store is guide service fee is zero.It makes WangChong in a dilemma:Belt shopping group,The commission to less and less;With pure play group,A day of guide service fee is not enough for a meal,Can only rely on the number of tour take point subsidies.

专家： experts:要保证导游基本收益 To ensure the guide basic income

　　王天星认为，旅行社应当与聘用的导游人员和领队人员签订劳动合同，支付其劳动报酬，依法缴纳社会保险费用。上海财经大学旅游管理系教授何建民则认为，旅行社尤其要保证导游的基本利益，不能再把降低导游的固定工资作为节约成本的出路。“导游收入应来自多方面，一方面是带团的基本工资，一方面是在合理范围内也允许佣金提成，但不宜把过多收入预期建立在不可控的购物佣金提成上。”

WangTianXing think,Travel agencies should and employment guide personnel and the personnel to sign labor contract,Pay the remuneration,Lawfully pay social insurance premiums.Shanghai university of finance and economics professor HeJianMin tourism management is considered,Travel agency especially to ensure that the basic interests of the tour guide,Can't again reduce guide fixed salary as a cost saving way out."Guide income should come from various aspects,On the one hand is belt group's basic wage,On the one hand is in the reasonable scope also allows commission commission,But unfavorable put too much income expectations based on uncontrolled shopping commission on commission."