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旅游莫上演“公地悲剧”--亲稳舆论引导监测室
2012-10-03

  美国学者哈定几十年前曾提出过“公地悲剧”的问题。一群牧民同在一块公共草场放牧。一个牧民想多养一只羊增加个人收益,虽然他明知草场上羊的数量已经太多了,再增加羊的数目,将使草场的质量下降,但草场退化的代价是由大家负担的。每一位牧民都如此思考时,就成为“公地悲剧”草场持续退化,直至无法养羊,最终导致所有牧民破产。 American scholars Harding has offered several decades ago"Public land tragedy"problems.A group of nomads with a piece of public pasture grazing.A herdsman want to keep a sheep increase personal income,Although he knowingly pasture sheep populations have too much,To increase the number of sheep,Will make pasture quality decline,But the price of pasture degradation by all the burden.Each herder so think,become"Public land tragedy"Continued degradation of the pasture,Until cannot raise sheep,Eventually lead to all the herdsmen bankruptcy.

  在社会生活中,类似情况很多。比如公共场所的物品(像室外健身器材等),最容易受到损坏。因为谁都可以通过损坏它而自己得利(或者觉得自己得利了),但代价却由大家负担。其结果,便是到最后谁也用不了。比如有的办公室在夏季一边开着窗户,一边开着空调,其结果就易导致空调坏得快,坏了后谁也别用。还如一些地域品牌,因为当地多方都可以受益,所以实际上就没有人去维护品牌质量。“阳澄湖大闸蟹”可能就是例子。

In social life,Similar situation many.Such as public goods(Like outdoor fitness equipment, etc),The most vulnerable to damage.Because anyone can through the damage it and enrichment(Or feel off),But the price by everyone but burden.The results,Who is to the end and it won't.For example, some office in summer side with the Windows open,Side open air conditioning,The result is easy to lead to air conditioning bad fast,After the bad who don't use.Also as some regional brand,Because the local polytropic can benefit,So in fact no one to maintain brand quality."Yangcheng hairy crab"May be example.

  在黄金周旅游大潮中,也有可能遇到“公地悲剧”。历年都发生过的景区环境被部分游客破坏的事,但愿不要再上演。有些人,有钱了,有时间了,但仍然没有素质。这种没有素质,在平时表现得并不突出。因为身边左右是邻里、同事、朋友等熟人,不好意思。另外还可能遇到监控,比如在公司里随地吐痰会被监控器拍下,大家一认就认出来;开车扔香蕉皮,会被摄像头记下牌号,有的地方还要加以罚款。但是在旅游景区,不会了。这是一块真正的“公地”。

In the golden week travel in the spring,Also are likely to encounter"Public land tragedy".Over the years have happened of the scenic spot environment was part of tourists damage,I wish not to put on.Some people,rich,To have time,But there is still no quality.This kind of no quality,In ordinary performance is not outstanding.For side or so is neighborhood/colleagues/Friends and acquaintances,embarrassed.Also may meet monitoring,For example, in the company spit will be monitor filmed,Everyone recognized to confess;Drive throw banana skin,Will be camera down brand,In some places will be fined.But in tourist scenic spot,Won't.This is a piece of the real"Public land".

  偌大的旅游景区加强硬性管理,很难。在“公地”面前,人性中“恶”的意识很容易被诱发出来;此时,“善”的意识弥足珍贵。越是在“公地”中,越能看出一个人的真品格。

So big tourist scenic spot to strengthen the rigid management,It is difficult to.in"Public land"before,In human nature"evil"Consciousness is easy to induce out;At this time,"good"The consciousness of the precious.In the"Public land"in,The more can see a man's character.


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