1865年(清同治四年)，沈家人建好这栋大屋的时候，大概不会想到，100多年后，他们的家会被贴上“晚清南方民居标本”“建筑迷宫”等标签。随着沈氏家族的变迁，沈家大屋一同见证的，还有辛亥革命等中国近代史关键节点上，湖南人的表现和态度。

In 1865,(Clear pathogenesis four years),Shenyang people build the house when,Probably won't think of,After more than 100 years,Their houses will be labeled as"The late qing dynasty south dwellings specimen""Building labyrinth"Labels such as.Along with the changes of the shen family,Shenyang house together with the witness,And the revolution of, Chinese modern history key nodes,Hunan people's performance and attitude.

　　就是这样一个承载历史记忆的地方，2011年被确定为湖南省级文物保护单位之后，面临的却是保护的缺失。今年11月25日，记者随省内文史专家一同探访沈家大屋。最终得出的结论是：由于年久失修，无人照看，沈家大屋多处倒塌，危在旦夕，抢救保护迫在眉睫。

Is such a bearing historical memory place,2011 was identified as the hunan provincial cultural relics protection units later,The face is the lack of protection.November 25,,Reporter in the province with the literature and history experts visit shenyang with big house.Finally the conclusion is:Because of bad,No one to look after,Shenyang in house collapsed,At stake,Rescue protection is imminent.

现场探访 Site visit

147岁的沈家大屋以前还有乌龟在天井爬 The 147 - year - old shenyang house before and the tortoise climb in the courtyard

　　11月25日，记者随湖南省文史研究馆馆员、教授陈先枢到浏阳沈家大屋调查时发现，这座古建筑虽然被公布为省级文物保护单位，但因年久失修，四处倒塌。院落里仅有的四五户人家，时刻面临着房屋倒塌的危险。

November 25th,Reporter with member of hunau literature and history institue/Professor ChenXianShu to liuyang shenyang house survey found,Although the ancient architecture was reported as the provincial cultural relics protection units,But because of disrepair,Collapsed around.Courtyard in only four or five families,Time faced with the danger of houses collapsed.

　　“紧靠沈家大屋的这一排房屋叫茶门，相当于现在建筑群前的牌楼，真正的沈家大屋主体部分在茶门里面。”走进沈家大屋之前，陈先枢指着拥有十间两层房屋的茶门说，这是当年富贵人家的杂房，上面是堆放粮食的仓库，下面饲养猪、牛等牲口。“再往里走就是沈家大屋院落了。”

"Close to shenyang the house a row house called tea door,Now the ornamental archway of the equivalent complex before,The real shenyang house main part in tea inside."Into the shenyang house before,ChenXianShu pointed to have ten between two layers of tea house door said,This is a silver spoon in the mixed room,The above is stacked grain warehouse,The feeding pigs/Animals such as cows."Then go inside the house is shenyang big yard."

　　走进茶门来到沈家大屋正厅，只见“公共食堂”四个大字醒目地出现在正对大门的墙壁上。再往四周看去，沈家大屋正厅就像一个被隔成几个部分的大礼堂。陈先枢说，正厅内分靠内侧的上厅、靠外侧的下厅和中间的过厅。

Into the tea door came to shenyang house main hall,see"Public dining room"Four characters observably appeared in is opposite gate walls.Then go to look around,Shenyang house main hall is like a be separated into several parts of the auditorium.ChenXianShu said,Main hall internal division by inside the hall/On the outside of the next hall and the middle of the lobby.

　　“沈家大屋的排水系统做得非常好，不管下怎样的暴雨，正厅里都不积水，早些年还有乌龟在正厅的天井爬来爬去。”住在沈家大屋院落边缘的一户居民说，正厅天井与地下排水相通，从来没有因为涨水或下大雨而积水。

"Shenyang house drainage system to do very well,No matter how under heavy rain,In the main hall is not water,In earlier years and the tortoise in the main hall patio to climb around."Live in shenyang house yard edge's residents said,Main hall patio and underground drainage interlinked,Never for swelling or heavy rain and water.

　　从院落里走出来，记者发现处处都是因年久失修而坍塌的残垣断壁。北侧横厅的东面，倒了三间房屋;南侧横厅的东面倒了一大堵墙;茶门南面的十间房屋，靠隔茶门往南七八间的地方倒了两间房屋;靠北侧的师竹堂下厅屋顶，也塌了一部分。

From the courtyard in go out,Reporter found that everywhere is because of disrepair and collapse ruins.North of the cross hall to the east,Down three houses;To the east of south cross hall down a large wall,Tea south gate ten houses,By every tea door south between eight place down two houses;On the north division bamboo hall hall under the roof,Also a part of the collapse.

　　年逾八旬的孤寡老人寻菊香住在师竹堂的上厅，她是已故沈家沈会春的夫人。寻菊香告诉记者，她最担心的是房屋倒塌，希望政府能够拨款对房屋修缮一番。另外居住沈家大屋院落边缘的四五户人家，也希望政府早日修缮房屋。

More than years old in the lonely old man found chrysanthemum fragrance live in division hall of bamboo in the hall,She is late shenyang shen will spring wife.Find chrysanthemum fragrance told reporters,She's most concerned about is the houses collapsed,Hope the government can appropriation to repair a house.In addition to live shenyang house yard the edge of the four or five families,Also hope that the government house early repair.

沈家大屋屋檐，这种造型在湖南非常有代表性。 Shenyang house eave,This modelling in hunan is very representative.
　　

专家建议 Experts suggest

专家学者提出三大保护措施 Experts and scholars put forward three big protection measures

　　为切实保护好、利用好沈家大屋，尽快将领导批示、督办意见落到实处，为古人尽责，为后人负责，12位湖南专家学者提出三大保护措施：

In order to protect/Make good use of shenyang big house,Leadership instructions as soon as possible/Supervisory opinions into effect,Responsible for the ancient people,Responsible for later generations,12 hunan experts and scholars put forward three big protection measures:

　　一是争取省市领导和职能部门支持，成立市县乡联合工作班子，派出由财政、建设、旅游、文化、农林等部门得力人员组成的工作小组，指导和督促沈家大屋抢修保护、新开村开发建设的规划实施，并尽快纳入工作日程。

One is to fight for the provinces and cities leader and functional departments to support,ShiXianXiang established a joint working group,Sent by the financial/construction/tourism/culture/Agriculture and forestry departments capable staff team,Guide and supervise the shenyang house repair protection/The construction of new village development planning implementation,And as soon as possible into the schedule.

　　二是以规划保护方案为纲，先由财政紧急拨付部分资金，对危房进行抢救。同时将沈家大屋和新开村纳入文物保护、文化建设、旅游开发和新农村建设等年度预算，列入政府文化、旅游招商项目，优先安排资金支持。另外，发挥财政资金的引导带动作用，吸收民间资本，组建公司作融资平台，将古屋及古家具作价入股，明晰产权。

The second is planning protection plan as the key link,First by the financial emergency funds allocated to part,For dilapidated building to rescue.At the same time will shenyang big house and new village into the protection of cultural relics/Culture construction/Tourism development and new rural construction, annual budget,Listed in the government culture/Tourism investment project,The priority of the arrangement for the financial support.In addition,Play the lead role in driving the financial capital,Absorbing private capital,As a company financing platform,The zhuhai and ancient furniture evaluate to become a shareholder,Clear property rights.

　　三是以保护为基础，在保护中开发，在开发中保护。鉴于已有多部影视作品在沈家大屋拍摄，效果很好，且大屋前后有河滩、山地数百亩，周边景点众多，发展空间极大。建议以建设影视拍摄基地为主体和特色，融民俗展示、文博会展、古代生活体验于一体，打造集古文化、山水、旅游于一体的省会东郊特色影视区、休闲区、旅游区，让沈家大屋发挥更大的经济效益和社会效益。

Three is a protection as the foundation,In the protection of development,In the developing protection.In view of existing of film and television works in shenyang house shooting,Effect is very good,And in front of big after beach/Mountain hundreds of acres,Attractions many,Development space greatly.Suggestions to the construction of film and TV production base as the main body and characteristic,Melt folk show/Superiority exhibition/The ancient life experience in a body,Make set ancient culture/landscape/Tourism in the integration of east capital characteristic of film and television area/Recreational area/Tourist area,Let the shenyang house play a greater economic efficiency and the social efficiency.

　　联名专家(排名不分先后)：马昕(湖南省导游协会副会长、长沙国旅总经理)、王林(湖南省文物局顾问、教授)、朱翔(湖南省政府参事、湖南师大教授)、朱建军(民革长沙市委主委、中南大学教授)、刘叔华(长沙市历史文化名城保护专家组成员、高级建筑师)、张早平(民进长沙市委副主委、经济学研究员、博导)、陈先枢(湖南省文史研究馆馆员、教授)、沈绍尧(长沙市气象局高级工程师)、胡晋文(湖南省城乡规划学会秘书长)、柳肃(湖南大学建筑学院教授、博导)、贺孝武(长沙市政协委员、长沙市历史学会副会长)、梁小进(长沙学院长沙文化研究所教授)

Joint experts(In no particular order):MaXin(Tour in hunan province of the vice chairman of the association/Changsha CITS general manager)/Wang Lin(Hunan province bureau of cultural relics consultant/professor)/ZhuXiang(Hunan government adviser/Hunan normal university professor)/ZhuJianJun(Director of changsha municipal party committee chair/Zhongnan university professor)/LiuShuHua(Changsha historic and cultural city protection expert group members/Senior architect)/Zhang early flat(China changsha municipal party committee vice chairman/Economics researchers/doctoral)/ChenXianShu(Member of hunau literature and history institue/professor)/ShenShaoYao(Changsha weather bureau senior engineer)/HuJinWen(Secretary general of hunan province rural and urban planning society)/LiuSu(Hunan university architecture professor/doctoral)/HeXiaoWu(Changsha's political consultative conference (CPPCC)/Changsha history society vice-chairman)/LiangXiaoJin(Changsha, changsha institute of cultural research institute professor)

历史记忆 Historical memory

2002年起沈家大屋被更多人了解 Since 2002, shenyang house is more people understand

　　沈家大屋坐落在捞刀河东岸200米处，坐东朝西、群山环抱。始建于清同治元年(1862)，建成于同治四年(1865)，当地人叫发八寺大屋。2002年，媒体在介绍这个屋场时，始用“沈家大屋”一名。

Shenyang house is located in the east river fish knife 200 meters,Sits east west/Mountains surrounded.Was built in qing dynasty in pathogenesis(1862),Completed in four years pathogenesis(1865),Locals call hair eight temple house.In 2002,,The media in the WuChang introduced when,Beginning with"Shenyang house"a.

　　据沈博爱2002年8月《沈家大屋古建筑群测绘报告》：全屋建筑使用面积13551平方米，外围倒塌647.3平方米;果园、风景林、道路、池塘、庭院、晒谷坪等14877.3平方米，布局严谨，屋屋相叠，庭院错落，廊道回环，嵌以精美的木雕、泥塑、彩绘，中西合璧，有重要的历史、艺术价值。

According to shen fraternity in August 2002[Shenyang house ancient building group of surveying and mapping the report]:Whole house building use area of 13551 square meters,Peripheral collapsed 647.3 square meters;orchard/Ornamental forest/road/pond/courtyard/Sun GuPing and 14877.3 square meters,Layout rigorous,House house coincide,Courtyard strewn at random,Gallery circle,Embedded with fine woodcarving/Clay sculpture/Coloured drawing or pattern,Chinese and western,Have important history/Artistic value.

　　“沈家大屋是一部镌刻着中国近代兴衰史的生动画卷。”陈先枢介绍，屋内有4处私孰遗址，有焦达峰蓄西式头、提留声机宣扬反清思想的场所(师竹堂)，有大革命时期的儿童团、妇女识字班遗址，还有日军肆虐时的深刻记忆。

"Shenyang house is a an engraving of the Chinese modern's vivid picture scroll."ChenXianShu introduced,The house in which there are four private site,A focal reach peak storage western-style head/Ask the phonograph preach against qing thought place(Teacher bamboo hall),A revolution of the children's corps/Women's literacy class sites,And when the Japanese ravaged the deep memory.

　　2002年初，当时的长沙市政协副主席李显模、市博物馆馆长黄刚正等8人呼吁保护以来，大屋备受专家、媒体和社会的广泛关注，称之为“晚清南方民居标本”“建筑迷宫”“外人知进不知出”“长株潭最大的清代民居群”等。

At the beginning of 2002,The vice chairman of the CPPCC LiXianMo in changsha city/City museum curator yellow upright, eight people are calling for a since protection,The big house the experts/The media and extensive attention of the whole society,called"The late qing dynasty south dwellings specimen""Building labyrinth""A stranger know into do not know how to""Changsha-zhuzhou-xiangtan maximum in qing dynasty houses group", etc.