从景区南门买票上庐山，门票180元。没走多远，想要到三叠泉看瀑布，还得买64元的门票。石门涧山上山下都有售票点，票价50元。一座庐山，一路上山，一路买门票。

Buy a ticket from the south gate on lushan mountain,Tickets for 180 yuan.Didn't walk far,Want to see lushan waterfall,Have to buy tickets for 64 yuan.Cross the foot jian have ticket booth,Fare fifty yuan.An lushan,All the way up the mountain,All the way to buy tickets.

　　出现这一现象的原因在于，这座世界上唯一同时拥有“世界文化景观”和“世界地质公园”荣誉称号的世界级名山，并不是一家在管。

The reason for this lies in,The world's only have at the same time"The world cultural landscape"and"The world geological park"The honorary title of world famous mountains,Not a pipe.

　　整个山体面积为282平方公里的庐山，曾经同时有六个机构或地方政府在管理。有利益处，“人人都在管”；出事时，“处处无人管”。多头管理、职能交叉、权责模糊、政企不分、利益纷争、门票价格节节上涨等问题不断暴露出来。

The whole mountain area of 282 square kilometers of the lushan mountain,Once at the same time there are six institutions or local government management.Favorable benefits,"Everyone in the tube";When the accident,"Everywhere no one tube".Bull management/Overlapping functions/Accrual fuzzy/Indistinction between the/Interests conflict/Ticket prices rise successively problems exposed constantly.

　　不仅仅是庐山，景区管理的问题在全国范围内大量出现，一些景区管理单位面对破坏景区旅游资源的行为束手无策；一些景区管理机构掣肘于当地居民的生活现实，景区保护工作流于形式。风景名胜区的保护也面临着过度城市化、商业化与人工化的挑战，作为保护地而设立的风景名胜区越来越像“旅游开发区”。

Lushan mountain is not only,The management of scenic spot in the nationwide have emerged,Some of the scenic area management unit in the face of the failure behavior of the tourist resources at a loss what to do;Some of the scenic area management institutions in local residents made reality of life,The protection work become a mere formality.The protection of the scenic area is faced with excessive urbanization/Commercial and artificialization challenge,Protected as a scenic spot more and more like"Tourism development zone".

　　一山六治 Mountain six to

　　2011年11月的一天，星子县辖区内的庐山的一个景点发生火灾，县政府却无动于衷。火势越来越严重，最后，在庐山风景名胜区管理局的带领下，大火被成功扑灭。事后，管理局的一位领导向星子县政府抛下一句话，“我们灰头土脸的，你们却坐在办公室喝茶看报纸！”

November 2011 a day,Xingzi county within the jurisdiction of the lushan mountain scenic spot of a fire,The county government but unconcerned.The fire is more and more serious,finally,In lushan mountain scenic area under the leadership of administration,The fire was put out success.after,Administration to a leadership xingzi county government left a word,"We of the door,You are sitting in the office tea reading the newspaper!"

　　星子县政府“隔岸观火”事出有因。根据1996年江西省人大通过的《江西省庐山风景名胜区管理条例》（下称“《管理条例》”），防火护林的责任归庐山管理局。

Xingzi county government"Aesop"There is no smoke without fire.According to the 1996 National People's Congress of jiangxi province[Jiangxi lushan mountain scenic area management regulations](Hereinafter referred to as"[Management regulations]"),The responsibility of fire protection to lushan administration.

　　事实上，庐山管理局对山体外的管理根本无法指导和监督，庐山早已陷入“多头管理”的困局。一直以来，庐山整个山体面积为282平方公里，分别归属管理局、庐山自然保护区、庐山垦殖场，以及九江市的星子县、庐山区、九江县管辖。“一山六治”是当地人对庐山管理的描述。

In fact,Lushan mountain administration to the management can't guidance and supervision,Lushan already in"Bull management"Of this.Has been,The lushan mountain area of 282 square kilometers,Administration of belonging respectively/Lushan nature reserve/Lushan KenShiChang,And the jiujiang xingzi county/Lushan mountain area/Jiujiang county jurisdiction."Mountain six to"Is the local people in lushan management description.

　　追根溯源，造成庐山多头管理的窘境有历史原因。

Traced back,Lushan caused by multiple management dilemma have historical reasons.

　　1984年，江西省政府根据中共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅下发的《关于庐山风景名胜区管理体制等问题的批复》，成立了庐山风景名胜区管理局（下称“庐山管理局”），委托九江市代为管理，并被赋予了庐山建设、发展规划、旅游行业管理等诸多权限。然而，由于此前庐山景区的管理格局已经成型，作为江西省政府在庐山的一个派驻机构，庐山管理局只好在海拔800米处自设山门，只对山顶16%的区域进行管理和开发。

In 1984,,Jiangxi government according to the CPC central committee general office/Issued by the general office of the state council's[Lushan mountain scenic area management system about the problems such as reply],Established the lushan scenic area administration(Hereinafter referred to as"Lushan administration"),Entrust jiujiang to management,And given the lushan mountain construction/Development planning/Tourism industry management, and many other authority.however,Due to the previously lushan mountain scenic area management pattern already was forming,As the government of jiangxi province in lushan a accredited institution,Lushan administration had to at an altitude of 800 meters custom gate,Only in the top 16% of the area of management and development.

　　1996年通过的《管理条例》规定：“外围景区即除庐山风景名胜区管理局所能管理的庐山山体外的景区由景区所在地县、区人民政府负责管理，景区的保护、规划和建设应当接受庐山管理局的指导和监督。”

The 1996[Management regulations]provisions:"Peripheral scenic spot that is in addition to lushan scenic area administration can management of the lushan mountain scenic area is located outside the scenic area by the county/District people's government shall be responsible for,Scenic area protection/In the planning and construction shall be subject to the guidance and oversight of the lushan administration."

　　实际上，庐山管理局对庐山山体外的管理根本无从进行，也没有办法监督。庐山山体、石钟山景区、长江—鄱阳湖水上景区、龙宫洞景区等同属庐山风景名胜区的景区，在保护、规划和建设上，基本上处于各自为政的状态。

In fact,Lushan administration to lushan mountain outside management never are,Also does not have the means to supervision.Lushan mountain/ShiZhongShan scenic spot/The Yangtze river water - poyang lake scenic spot/Dragon cave scenic spots, such as belong to lushan scenic area scenic spots,In the protection/Planning and construction,Basically in a state of each does things in his own way.

　　2005年，九江市委市政府将垦殖场、茶料所、林料所、水电厂划归庐山管理局管理，并将山门由山上迁往山下，庐山管理局的管辖范围扩大到100多平方公里，庐山也由“一山六治”变为“一山五治”。然而，多头管理的矛盾并未就此解决。

In 2005,,Jiujiang municipal government will KenShiChang/Tea anticipate/For the material/Hydroelectric power station to lushan administration management,And by the mountain gate will be moved to mountain,Lushan in the jurisdiction of the bureau of expanded to more than 100 square kilometers,Lushan mountain from"Mountain six to"into"Mountain five to".however,The contradiction of the multiple management did not solve this.

　　历史上，江西省也曾多次试图打破庐山多头管理的格局，整合管理资源，但都不了了之。早在庐山管理局成立之初，江西省政府就派专家到庐山调研，并提出了设立庐山市，想一举解决多头管理问题。此后的1996年、2000年、2010年，这样的想法曾先后多次摆上议事日程，但最终都因为涉及到划界、利益分配和精简机构等难题而搁置。

history,Jiangxi province also has repeatedly tried to break the lushan mountain long management pattern,Integration management resources,But nothing.As early as in lushan administration at the beginning of its establishment,Jiangxi government sent experts to lushan mountain research,And put forward the establishment of lushan mountain city,To solve the problem of the multiple management action.The next 1996 years/In 2000,/In 2010,,This idea has many place on the agenda,But in the end, because involves the demarcation/Distribution of interests and streamline institutions problem and lay aside.

　　在全国范围内，几个单位直接参与景区管理只是多头管理的一种情况，还有因为管理单位和经营单位之间交叉任职、政企不分而导致多头管理的例子，而且这种情况屡见不鲜。

In the national scope,A few units directly involved in the management of the multiple management is a kind of circumstance,And because management unit and business unit in between cross/Indistinction between the multiple management in the example,And this kind of situation common occurance.

　　在黄果树景区，黄果树旅游集团有限公司的董事长同时担任景区党工委副书记的职务，公司总经理同时担任管委会副主任的职务；在黄山，黄山旅游发展股份有限公司董事长兼任黄山风景区管委会的党委书记和副主任。

In the huangguoshu scenic spot,Huangguoshu travel group co., LTD., chairman of the board at the same time as the deputy secretary of DangGongWei position,The general manager of the company, at the same time as the deputy director of the administrative duties;In huangshan,Huangshan tourism development co., LTD., chairman of the board concurrently huangshan scenic areas of management committee secretary of the party committee and deputy director.

　　事实上，对于交叉任职，政企不分的情况，2006年国务院颁布的《风景名胜区条例》就已经规定，风景名胜区管理机构不得从事以营利为目的的经营活动，风景名胜区管理机构的工作人员，不得在风景名胜区内的企业兼职。

In fact,As for cross,Government regardless of the circumstances,In 2006, the state council promulgated[Scenic area regulations]Have provisions,Scenic spot management institution may not engage in for-profit business activities,Scenic spot management agency staff,Not in the scenic spots within the enterprise part-time.

　　北京大学政府管理学院博士后金晓哲告诉《中国经济周刊》，这种交叉任职使得管委会和公司、管理和经营未能彻底分开，在景区管理和保护问题上，容易造成管委会积极性不足的局面。

Peking University school of government late Dr XiaoZhe tell[China economic weekly],This cross office make the ac and company/Management and operation failed to completely separate,In the scenic area management and protection issues,Easy to cause the ac enthusiasm shortage situation.

多方争利 Against many of the

　　2012年12月21日，庞星和几位朋友到庐山游玩，他们由庐山景区南门买票上山，每张门票180元。然而没过多久，等他们去往三叠泉景区看瀑布时，却被一道大门拦下，还得买票，每位64元。

On December 21, 2012,PangXing and a few of her friends to visit the lushan mountain,They are made of lushan scenic spot on the ticket,Each ticket is 180 yuan.But before long,They go to lushan scenic spot to see the waterfall,But by a gate stopped,Still have to buy a ticket,Every 64 yuan.

　　不是已经买过门票了吗？庞星一打听才知道，第一张门票是庐山管理局发售的，而大门那边又是九江市庐山区的管理范围，所以要再买门票。此外，像石门涧等好多地方都在单独售票。

Not already bought tickets?PangXing a don't know about,The first ticket is lushan administration of put on sale,And on the other side of the door and jiujiang lushan mountain range of the management,So to buy tickets.In addition,Like cross jian, etc in many other places in a single ticket.

　　据了解，重复售票缘于管理各方利益上的“争夺”。庐山管理局一位内部员工告诉《中国经济周刊》，1996年通过的《管理条例》只是一个地方性法规，对于门票怎么收、利益如何分配没有明确规定。因此庐山管理各方都“划地而治”，在自己的“地盘”上卖起了门票。

It is understood,Repeat the ticket because the interests of management on the"for".Lushan administration a internal staff to tell[China economic weekly],The 1996[Management regulations]Just a local regulations,How to collect tickets/How to distribute benefits did not make clear a regulation.So the lushan mountain management all parties"Delimit land and rule",In their"site"Sell tickets on the up.

　　对此，九江市召开的协调会决定，治安、消防归管理局负责，景点门票等收入归当地政府。庐山管理局只能保持沉默。

this,Jiujiang at the council decision,security/Fire administration shall be responsible for the return,Attractions tickets and income to the local government.Lushan administration can only keep silent.

　　事实上，和庐山管理局争夺利益的不只当地政府，还有当地居民、庐山旅游集团公司、省卫生部门，甚至军队。

In fact,And lushan administration not only for the interests of the local government,And local residents/Lushan tourism group company/Provincial department of health,Even the army.

　　2008年7月，庐山旅游发展股份有限公司（下称“庐山旅游发展”）正式揭牌成立，庐山管理局占股58%。从成立之初，庐山旅游发展的目标就很明确整合旅游资源上市。

In July 2008,Lushan mountain tourism development co., LTD(Hereinafter referred to as"Lushan mountain tourism development")Established was formally established,Lushan administration accounted for 58% of the shares.From the beginning of establishment of,Lushan mountain tourism development goal is very clear integrated tourism resources listed.

　　根据九江市工商管理局的公示资料显示，庐山旅游发展的注册资本为1000万元，主营业务为旅游资源开发、园林绿化、住宿餐饮、文物展览等，法人代表为崔峰。崔峰是庐山管理局副局长、庐山旅游发展的董事长兼总经理。

According to the jiujiang administration of the public information display,Lushan mountain tourism development of the registered capital of 10 million yuan,Main business for tourism resources development/landscape/Accommodation catering/Cultural relics exhibition, etc,Legal representative for CuiFeng.CuiFeng is deputy director of lushan administration/Lushan mountain tourism development of the chairman of the board and general manager.

　　然而，庐山旅游发展的上市之路并不顺利。

however,Lushan mountain tourism development of the listed road is not smooth.

　　庐山旅游发展并不是庐山唯一的一家旅游公司。在此之前，庐山旅游集团公司就已开展旅游业务，两者的办公大楼相距不到200米。

Lushan mountain tourism development is not only a lushan tourism companies.Before this,Lushan tourism group company has been developing tourism business,The office building is less than 200 meters.

　　庐山旅游集团公司是一家国有企业，与庐山旅游发展类似，其主营业务同样为住宿餐饮等，其同样掌握了一批酒店，庐山大厦就为其所有。

Lushan tourism group company is a state-owned enterprise,Lushan mountain tourism development with similar,The main business for the same accommodation catering, etc,Its also master a batch of hotel,Lushan mountain building for the all.

　　庐山旅游发展董事、副总经理张琛向《中国经济周刊》介绍，公司当前的主要营收来源为观光车车票，“每年能有1个亿的收入，占到了整个营收的2/3。”但在这一块，庐山旅游发展也面临着竞争。在庐山，有不少私人的面包车拉人上山赚取外快的情况，相比于观光车80元的票价，私人面包车15元的票价占据着绝对优势。

Lushan mountain tourism development director/Deputy general manager ZhangChen to[China economic weekly]introduce,The current main revenue source for the sight-seeing bus ticket,"Every year to have 1 income,Accounted for two-thirds of the revenue."But in this one,Lushan mountain tourism development is also faced with competition.In lushan mountain,There are many private minibus pull a person to earn extra money by charging up the situation,Compared to the sight-seeing bus fare of $80,Private minibus 15 yuan fare occupy the absolute advantage.

　　此外，由于并未限制外来车辆上山，导致庐山交通拥堵，尤其是在夏季旅游旺季，极大地影响了观光车的正常运转。

In addition,Because did not limit foreign car up the hill,Lead to lushan traffic jams,Especially in the summer tourist season,Greatly affect the normal operation of the sightseeing car.

　　别墅是庐山比较有价值的资源，据不完全统计，庐山现存有600多栋保存相对完好的别墅，基本上都是建国之前所建，但是，真正归庐山管理局管理的很少，基本上都归中央、省市驻山机构所有。

Lushan mountain villa is more valuable resources,According to incomplete statistics,Lushan existing more than 600 buildings keep relatively intact villa,Basically all is before the founding of the building,but,The real return to lushan administration management less,Basically be the central/In all provinces and cities mountain institutions.

　　“打个比方，江西省卫生厅在庐山有个机构，叫做省卫生厅疗养院，他是一个正处级单位，管了100多套别墅。南京军区庐山疗养院，也管了那么多。很多省市单位都有点，管理局就100多套。”上述庐山管理局内部员工告诉《中国经济周刊》，“庐山旅游发展的别墅规模不大，只有一二十栋，要整合资源的话，有一定的难度，主要是采取合作的模式，购买使用权。”

"For example,Jiangxi provincial health bureau in lushan mountain has a mechanism,Provincial health department called nursing home,He is a ZhengChuJi unit,Tube more than 100 sets of villas.Nanjing military region lushan sanatorium,Also tube so much.Many provinces and cities unit are a little,Administration is more than 100 sets."The lushan administration internal staff to tell[China economic weekly],"Lushan mountain tourism development of small villa,Only YiErShiDong,To integrate resources words,Has the certain difficulty,Mainly adopt a cooperative mode,Purchase use."

　　而这些别墅，除了供这些单位夏季疗养所用，基本上都以出租的形式来获取收益。“一般都是租40年，其实这是效益最低的方式。”

And these villas,In addition to these units used for summer recuperate,Basically all take the form of rental to obtain income."Are generally rent forty years,In fact, this is the lowest efficiency way."

　　对庐山别墅的调整分配主要是在建国初期，“那时候还没有这个概念，是个单位就过来搞几栋别墅，现在你很难动，他们级别高，动的话肯定天天吵架”。

Lushan mountain villa to adjust distribution mainly in the founding of the,"At that time is not the concept,A unit is to make a few villas,Now you can't move,Their high level,Moving words must fight every day".

　　除此之外，对于一些庐山管理局掌握之外的某些景点，庐山旅游发展也没有更多的办法，“现在是签署协议，通过资源共享、效益分成的方式来整合这些资源”。

In addition,For some lushan administration master some of the attractions outside,Lushan mountain tourism development also have no more way,"Now is the agreement,Through the resources sharing/Benefit into ways to integrate these resources".

难产的“大庐山” Dystocia of"Big lushan"

　　整合庐山旅游资源不易，成立大庐山市也难。

Integration of lushan tourism resources not easy,Established big lushan mountain city also difficult.

　　目前，在庐山山顶的牯岭镇，常住居民超过12000人。此外，中央、省、九江市和部队的驻山单位众多，据不完全统计，仅牯岭镇46平方公里的地域内，就有近30个党政管理机关，40多个中央、地方和军队驻山单位，共有职工6000多人。随着人口的增加，以庐山现有的负荷能力已经不能承受。

At present,In the top of the mountain lushan mountain ridge town brighter,Permanent residents in more than 12000 people.In addition,The central/province/Jiujiang and troops in many mountain unit,According to incomplete statistics,Only a brighter ridge town 46 square kilometers of territory,There is nearly thirty party and government management authority,More than forty central/Local and army units in the mountain,There are more than 6000 employees.Along with the increase of population,To lushan existing load bearing capacity has been unable to bear.

　　为此，庐山管理局一直谋划将人员下迁。然而，事情进展得并不顺利，甚至有传言说，下迁是让“穷人下山，富人上山”。

therefore,Lushan administration has been planning to move under the personnel.however,Things not going well,There were even rumors that,Move is to let the"The poor mountain,Rich man went up to the mountain".

　　萧梅上世纪70年代随转业的丈夫一起来到庐山，在庐山已生活了近40年，其收入来源除了退休金，主要靠当散客导游赚取生活费。对于下迁，她很反感，“在庐山生活了大半辈子，已经习惯了，再说，山上还能赚点钱过日子，去了山下就没有收入来源了。”而这也是大多数庐山普通居民的想法。

In the 1970 s with XiaoMei gathers together the husband came to lushan,In lushan mountain has life for nearly forty years,The source of income in addition to retirement,Depend mainly on when individual traveler guide earn living expenses.To move the,She is very antipathetic,"In lushan mountain life most,Has been used,besides,The mountain can also earn money to live,Went to the mountain is not the source of income."And this is also the most common idea of lushan mountain people.

　　根据九江市发改委的批复显示，庐山新城区位于庐山大道中段，总规划用地近1700亩，用地性质包括安置房和部分廉租房。

According to the development and reform commission (NDRC) jiujiang reply display,Lushan mountain is located in the middle new lushan avenue,The total planning of nearly 1700 mu of land,Land properties include the placement room and part of low-cost housing.

　　一位接近庐山管理局管理层的消息人士告诉《中国经济周刊》，楼盘的建设费用全部由管理局负担，“一期就在国家开发银行贷了3亿”。

A close to lushan administration management sources told[China economic weekly],The construction of the building cost all by administration burden,"A period in the state development bank credit for 300 million".

　　2012年11月26日，原本拟定的搬迁日期无故推迟。“本来说是11月1日搬，后来推迟到26日，最后还是没搬成。”上述消息人士说，“这一次下迁是行政下迁，管理局先下去，一共4期，5000多套房子，现在只盖好了第一期，1000多套，二期还没有动工”。

On November 26, 2012,Originally proposed date of moving without delay."Originally, November 1 move,Then off to 26,Finally didn't move into."The source said,"This time next move is under the administration moved,Administration first down,A total of 4 period,More than 5000 sets of the house,Now only cover the first period,More than 1000 sets,The second phase is not start".

　　对于庐山居民对下迁的担忧，庐山管理局的一位内部员工告诉《中国经济周刊》：“从来没有强制居民下迁，都是自愿，而且这次下迁也只是部分下迁，正式的方案也还没有定。”

For residents of lushan mountain under moving concerns,Lushan administration a internal staff to tell[China economic weekly]:"Never forced residents moved down,Are voluntary,And the next move is only part of the next move,A formal plan also has yet been set."

　　如何平衡各方利益矛盾，是大庐山市建立过程中一个极难权衡的问题。

How to balance the interests of all parties the contradiction,Lushan mountain is big, the process of building a very difficult to weigh the problem.

　　星子县地处庐山南部，庐山的60%山体和35%的景点坐落在星子县，其中不乏白鹿洞书院、磨岩石刻群等知名景点。在过去，星子一直都是一个农业小县，全县23万人口，除少数乡镇发展石材工业外，基本上以渔业、农业为主，但旅游收入近年来成为当地政府的一块大蛋糕。

Xingzi county is located in the south of lushan mountain,60% of the lushan mountain and 35% of the scenic spot is located in xingzi county,There is no lack of among them white deer cave academy/Grinding rock cutting group, and other well-known scenic spots.In the past,Planetesimals has always been an agricultural smaller counties,The population of 230000,In addition to a few villages and towns development outside the stone industry,Basically to fishery/Mainly agricultural,But tourism revenue in recent years and become a local government a big cake.

　　在庐山管理局看来，成立庐山市，不可能把整个星子县全盘接收过来。“几十万人进来，肯定会把庐山的经济拖垮，星子县有很多纯农业的乡镇，这些跟旅游资源无关的乡镇，是没有必要划进来的。”但对此，星子县并不以为然，“你要合并的话，就应该全盘接收我，如果你只划旅游相关的区域的话，那不是富者愈富、穷者愈穷了吗？”

In lushan administration looks,Lushan mountain city was established,Can't the whole xingzi county to receive."Hundreds of thousands of people in,Will the lushan the ecomomy,There are a lot of pure xingzi county agricultural township,This has nothing to do with tourism resources of the villages and towns,Is not necessary in row."But it,Xingzi county retort,"If you want to merge,You should receive my whole,If you only cross travel related area words,That's not the rich get richer/The poor poorer?"

　　上述消息人士指出，成立庐山市的话，各个地方的政府机构必然精简，这也是没有办法顺利推行的原因之一。“庐山的处级干部到处都是，领导很多，各套机构也很健全，多了的人没地方放，他们当时都很害怕啊。”

The above sources,Lushan mountain city words was established,Each local government agencies must lean,This is no way to one of the reasons for the smooth implementation."The lushan mountain place class staff are everywhere,Leadership many,Each set of institutions is also very perfect,Many of the people does not have a place to put,They were very afraid of ah."

　　管理体制混乱，让庐山的发展步履维艰。目前，庐山只能通过领导高配来协调各方工作。而庐山市的设立、庐山旅游发展的上市，都仍处在谋划阶段。

Management system chaos,Let the development of lushan mountain walk with difficulty.At present,Lushan can only through the leadership with high to coordinate various parties.And the establishment of lushan mountain city/Lushan mountain tourism development of the listed,Are still in the planning stage.

资讯加油站

Information service station

延伸阅读：哪些景区也遭遇类似的管理尴尬

readings:What scenic spot also encounter similar management embarrassed

南京明长城"一墙六治" 风景区的管理尴尬 Nanjing Ming Great Wall"A wall for six" Scenic spot management embarrassed

在南京，25公里长的明城墙，有6个部门在管理，从中山门到后半山园、从太平门到琵琶湖两段归附近部队管理；狮子山城墙归阅江楼景区管理；中华门城墙归中华门景区管理；清凉门的一小段，因处在移动公司的大院内，归移动公司管理；其余约18公里的城墙才归城墙管理处管理。

In nanjing,25 km long Ming Great Wall,There are six departments in management,From the gate to the area/From the exit to the pipa lake near two segments to force management;The sierra leone to read jiang floor scenic area management;ZhongHuaMen walls to ZhongHuaMen scenic area management;Cool and refreshing the door a short,Because in the mobile company's big hospital,To move a company to management;The rest about eighteen kilometres of the wall to return to the administration management.

　　据了解，城墙管理处成立于1988年，是南京市文化广电新闻出版局的下属单位。近两年，社会呼吁应成立比城墙管理处更大的部门，全面管理保护南京明城墙，但到目前为止，新管理部门的成立没有任何进展。

It is understood,The administration was established in 1988,Nanjing radio and television news is culture ChuBanJu subordinate units.Nearly two years,Society should be established calls for more than the administration department,Overall management of the Ming Great Wall protection of nanjing,But so far,The establishment of the new management department without any progress.

黄果树：管委会和经营单位的门票之争 huangguoshu:The ac and business unit for the tickets

在2012年国庆黄金周期间，黄果树风景名胜区管委会忙着维持秩序、疏导游客；黄果树旅游集团有限公司则忙着售票、经营酒店。两个单位各司其责，看似平静。

During the National Day golden week in 2012,Huangguoshu scenic spot the ac busy to maintain order/Dredge tourists;Huangguoshu travel group co., LTD. Is busy with the ticket/Business hotel.Two units of the company responsible,Seemingly calm.

然而，黄金周刚过，管委会和黄果树旅游集团之间的矛盾就暴露了。集团公司给其员工每人发了1000块钱补助，而管委会员工却什么都没有得到。

however,Just after the golden week,The ac and huangguoshu travel group contradiction between the exposure.Group company to its employees sent 1000 dollars each subsidies,And the ac staff but nothing to get.

　　黄果树景区管委会主任皮永国对《中国经济周刊》记者说："门票收入应全归管委会！旅游集团应该隶属于管委会来管！"

Huangguoshu scenic area management committee director of PiYongGuo[China economic weekly]reporters:"All tickets income should be the ac!Tourism group should belong to the ac to tube!"

　　目前，在门票收入分成上，黄果树旅游集团将每年景区门票收入的30%，作为"资源有偿使用费"交给管委会。管委会拿到这笔收入后，向市财政上交其中的40%，剩余的60%留给自己。

At present,In the ticket revenue sharing on,Huangguoshu scenic tourist group will every year 30% of the tickets,as"Resource fees"To the ac.The ac shall get the income after,Due to the municipal finance 40% of them,The remaining 60% to yourself.

　　皮永国认为，门票出售应按照2006年国务院通过的《风景名胜区条例》去规范。根据《条例》，进入风景名胜区的门票，应由黄果树管委会负责出售，此外，黄果树旅游集团还应当缴纳资源有偿使用费。

PiYongGuo think,Tickets sold in 2006, the state council shall, in accordance with the[Scenic area regulations]To regulate.According to the[regulations],Enter the scenic spot ticket,Be responsible for selling the huangguoshu the ac,In addition,Huangguoshu travel group shall also pay fees resources.

　　近年来，黄果树管委会几乎每年都在向上级部门反映情况，争取门票收入，但都未果而终。

In recent years,Huangguoshu the ac almost every year to the superior department report the situation to them,Tickets income for,But not if really and eventually.

峨眉山：管委会管不了占地修房 Mount emei:The ac tube not covers an area of practice room

为了整合旅游资源，2008年，峨眉山风景区管委会和乐山风景区管委会合并，成立了峨眉山―乐山大佛景区管委会。当时的文件规定，管委会"在景区内行使县级人民政府相关行政管理职能"。但管委会毕竟是事业单位，不是政府机关，事业单位的身份让管委会在景区保护频频遭遇尴尬。

In order to integrate tourism resources,In 2008,,Mount emei scenic area management committee and the leshan scenic spot the ac merger,Established the emeishan - the leshan giant Buddha scenic area management committee.The documents,The ac"In the scenic beauty of the people's government at or above the county level shall exercise the relevant administrative functions".But the ac, after all, is a business unit,Not the government authority,The identity of the institution for the ac in the spot protection frequently encountering embarrassed.

　　与一般农村居民不同，景区居民大多希望多盖房子，为游客提供住宿而快速致富。然而，这些建设行为极易破坏当地的旅游资源和自然文化遗产，2006年，国务院通过的《风景名胜区条例》对此明令禁止。

Different with the general rural residents,Most of the residents to build the house more,Provide accommodation for tourists and get rich quick.however,These construction behavior easily destroy local tourism resources and natural and cultural heritage,In 2006,,The state council by the[Scenic area regulations]It banned.

　　对于景区内的违规建设行为，管委会必须坚决制止。但是依据我国现行法律规定，管委会不具有合法的执法主体资格，没有行政执法权，不能得到人民法院的认同。

For of scenic spot illegal construction behavior,The ac must resolutely put a stop to.But according to the current laws and regulations,The ac shall not have legal enforcement subject qualification,No administrative perform,Can't get to the people's court approval.

　　 如果居民上诉，管委会有可能败诉。"败诉倒无所谓，但遗产保护就成了问题。"峨眉山―乐山大佛景区管委会党委副书记吴万林担心，这样下去很可能出现农民多占地、多修房，但管委会没办法制止的混乱局面。

If people appeal,The ac may lose."The losing but doesn't matter,But heritage protection became a problem."Mount emei - the leshan giant Buddha scenic area management committee deputy secretary of party committee WuWanLin worry,So it is likely to more covers an area of farmers/Repair room more than,But the ac can't stop the confusion.

峨眉山：管委会管不了占地修房 Mount emei:The ac tube not covers an area of practice room

　　为了整合旅游资源，2008年，峨眉山风景区管委会和乐山风景区管委会合并，成立了峨眉山—乐山大佛景区管委会。当时的文件规定，管委会“在景区内行使县级人民政府相关行政管理职能”。但管委会毕竟是事业单位，不是政府机关，事业单位的身份让管委会在景区保护频频遭遇尴尬。

In order to integrate tourism resources,In 2008,,Mount emei scenic area management committee and the leshan scenic spot the ac merger,Established the emeishan - the leshan giant Buddha scenic area management committee.The documents,The ac"In the scenic beauty of the people's government at or above the county level shall exercise the relevant administrative functions".But the ac, after all, is a business unit,Not the government authority,The identity of the institution for the ac in the spot protection frequently encountering embarrassed.

　　与一般农村居民不同，景区居民大多希望多盖房子，为游客提供住宿而快速致富。然而，这些建设行为极易破坏当地的旅游资源和自然文化遗产，2006年，国务院通过的《风景名胜区条例》对此明令禁止。

Different with the general rural residents,Most of the residents to build the house more,Provide accommodation for tourists and get rich quick.however,These construction behavior easily destroy local tourism resources and natural and cultural heritage,In 2006,,The state council by the[Scenic area regulations]It banned.

对于景区内的违规建设行为，管委会必须坚决制止。但是依据我国现行法律规定，管委会不具有合法的执法主体资格，没有行政执法权，不能得到人民法院的认同。

For of scenic spot illegal construction behavior,The ac must resolutely put a stop to.But according to the current laws and regulations,The ac shall not have legal enforcement subject qualification,No administrative perform,Can't get to the people's court approval.

　　如果居民上诉，管委会有可能败诉。“败诉倒无所谓，但遗产保护就成了问题。”峨眉山—乐山大佛景区管委会党委副书记吴万林担心，这样下去很可能出现农民多占地、多修房，但管委会没办法制止的混乱局面。

If people appeal,The ac may lose."The losing but doesn't matter,But heritage protection became a problem."Mount emei - the leshan giant Buddha scenic area management committee deputy secretary of party committee WuWanLin worry,So it is likely to more covers an area of farmers/Repair room more than,But the ac can't stop the confusion.

管委会托管现象 The ac custody phenomenon

　　据了解，1999年黄果树管委会成立之初，为了统一管理景区，在景区周围的镇宁县黄果树镇和关岭县白水镇被交由黄果树风景名胜区管委会托管。所谓托管，就是行政区划不变，但人事档案、人员工资由管委会负责管理。

It is understood,1999 huangguoshu the ac at the beginning of its establishment,In order to unified management scenic spot,In the scenic spots around the ZhenNingXian huangguoshu town and GuanLingXian baishui town was to huangguoshu scenic spot the ac custody.The so-called trust,Administrative division is the same,But the personnel files/By the management committee is responsible for the management of the personnel salary.

　　目前，黄果树镇和白水镇共有农民40000多人，他们当中很多人都会做“搓拉客”。为了解决这一乱象，黄果树管委会曾开展了多番整治行动，然而因为人手不足，本想“短平快”的整治工作演变成了一场“持久战”。

At present,Huangguoshu town and baishui town, there are more than 40000 farmers,Among them a lot of people will do"Soliciting rub".In order to solve the mess,Huangguoshu the ac has launched repeated improvement action,However, because shorthanded,This want to"Short term rapid"Regulation work evolved into a"A protracted war".

　　目前，管委会工作人员约200人，其中公务员47人。平均每天要迎送上万名游客。“十一黄金周时，景区每天的游客接待量在10万人左右，每天来往车辆有几万台。”管委会一位姓朱的科长告诉《中国经济周刊》。此外，管委会每天还要面对40000多居民的科教文卫体等社会事务，工作有些力不从心。

At present,The ac staff of about 200 people,The civil servants and people.On an average day tens of thousands of tourists to visitors."When 11 golden weeks,The daily visitors receive at about 100000,Traffic every day thousands of the table."The ac shall a man surnamed zhu's chief told[China economic weekly].In addition,The ac shall also face every day more than 40000 residents of the science-education-culture-health body and other social affairs,Some work ability not equal to one's ambition.

　　“200多人的管委会承担了一级政府的所有职能，连计划生育都管，职能太多，人手太少，说实话，不一定能办好。”黄果树景区管委会主任皮永国说，“管委会主要任务是景区的管理，而我要管大量的社会事务，包括景区居民的搬迁。 ”

"More than 200 people for the ac all level of government functions,Even the family planning are tube,Function too much,Hands too little,To tell you the truth,Can not do good."Huangguoshu scenic area management committee director PiYongGuo said,"The ac main task is to scenic area management,And I want to tube a lot of social affairs,Including the residents of the move. "

　　与黄果树景区管委会类似，峨眉山—乐山大佛景区管委会也代管了一个名叫黄湾乡(行政区划归峨眉山市)的乡镇。代管与托管形式一样，管委会同样很无奈。

Huangguoshu scenic area management committee and the like,Mount emei - the leshan giant Buddha scenic area management committee also hosting a named HuangWan township(Administrative region to the mt. Emei city every year)towns.Agency and custody forms,The ac also very helpless.

　　从管委会成立到现在，代管黄湾乡的工作一直力不从心。因为并非一级政府，管委会的机构很难和乐山市及四川省的相关部门挂钩，再加上财力有限，黄湾乡的管理工作只能以峨眉山市为主，管委会为辅。

From the ac established until now,Agency HuangWan township work has been ability not equal to one's ambition.Because the government is not level,The ac organization is difficult to and leshan sichuan province and the related departments of hook,Plus financial limited,HuangWan township management work only to give priority to the mt. Emei city every year,An ounce of prevention is worth the ac.

　　以教育为例，在峨眉山—乐山大佛景区管委会有宣传文化教育局(挂精神文明建设办公室和文物保护管理局牌子)专门负责教育，但是目前还只限于对管委会自身员工的宣传教育工作。黄湾乡有幼儿园、小学和中学，但目前这些学校的建制、教师的保障都由峨眉山教委在负责，整个系统和管委会没有联系。同时，黄湾乡教育设施的资金投入，管委会也负担不起。

With education as an example,In the emeishan - the leshan giant Buddha scenic area management committee have propaganda education culture(Hang the construction of spiritual civilization office and the protection of cultural relics administration brand)Specifically responsible for education,But it is limited to their employees to the ac propaganda education work.HuangWan township have kindergarten/Elementary school and middle school,But now the school system/The security of teachers by the education commission in charge,The whole system and the ac no contact.At the same time,HuangWan township education facilities of money,The ac can't afford it.

　　峨眉山—乐山大佛景区管委会党委副书记吴万林向《中国经济周刊》坦言，代管黄湾乡，管委会什么都做不了，只能去“敲边鼓”，在教师节和六一儿童节时，去学校慰问教师，看看孩子，算是“体现管委会的关怀”。

Mount emei - the leshan giant Buddha scenic area management committee deputy secretary of party committee WuWanLin to[China economic weekly]said,Agency HuangWan township,The ac do anything,Can only go to"QiaoBianGu",In the teachers' day and the June 1 children's day,To go to school teachers,Look at the children,is"Reflect the ac's care".

　　对于未来管委会的代管工作，吴万林显得有些惆怅，他说，现在管委会不仅要把遗产保护好，而且要处理景区大量原住民的社会问题，感觉有点难，“怕完不成国家交给的任务”，管委会只能尽力去做。

For the future of the ac agency work,WuWanLin appear some sadness,He said,Now the ac not only to protect the heritage,And to deal with the native of the social problems,Feel a little difficult,"Afraid to finish the tasks assigned by the state",The ac can only try my best to do it.

庐山现状：首次被“黄牌警告”力保世界地质公园“金字招牌” Lushan status:Were first"booked"Retain the world geological park"Gold-lettered signboard"

庐山旅游攻略：天上街市学神仙漫步 Lushan tourism strategy:Heaven street walk to learn the fairy