“人类速度的极限在哪里？”这是竞技体育永恒的话题。北京奥运会后，博尔特成为了这个话题的现实对象。

“The speed limit in the human？”This is the eternal topic of competitive sports。After the Beijing Olympic Games，Mr Became the subject's real object。

　　伦敦奥运会上，博尔特没有再次刷新他保持的百米纪录，而且整个田径赛场上，到目前为止只有男子800米项目中诞生了新的世界纪录，倒是在游泳比赛中，本届奥运会产生了多项新纪录。

London games，Mr No renewed his keep, the meters record，And the whole on the track and field，So far only the men's 800 m project was born in a new world record，But in the swimming events，The games have a new record。

　　人类在水中的速度，还有更大的潜力可以挖掘？为何伦敦奥运会没有催生出更多的陆上纪录？超越人类速度极限，需要些什么条件？这也是本期奥运议院的议题。

The speed of the human in the water，And even more potential can mining？Why London Olympic Games no more land gave birth to the record？Beyond human speed limit，Need some what condition？This is the house in this issue of the issues。

本期嘉宾 广东省田径队女子短跑组主教练 叶志伟 This guest guangdong track team coach YeZhiWei woman sprint group

博尔特为啥这么快？ Bolton's why so fast？

　　许蓓：北京时间昨天凌晨进行的伦敦奥运会男子200米跑决赛中，牙买加人毫无悬念地成为了主角。博尔特以19.32秒的成绩夺冠，而且他竟然在冲刺阶段减速——回头看了看师弟布雷克，还把手指放在唇上示意全场“安静”。如果博尔特没有这些表演动作，而是尽全力冲刺，那么他应该还能刷新男子200米跑的世界纪录，他现在保持的纪录是19.19秒，与他昨天的成绩只有0.13秒的差距。

XuBei：Beijing time yesterday morning to London the men's 200 meters in the final run，Jamaica doubt people to become the leading role。Bolton's title of 19.32 seconds，And he was in the sprint phase slowdown-looked back at teacher younger brother Blake，Also put his finger in the lip beckoned to the stadium“quiet”。If Mr Without these performance, action，But try my best to sprint，So he should still can refresh the men's 200 m running the world record，He now keep record was 19.19 seconds，And yesterday he scores only 0.13 second gap。

　　叶志伟：这倒未必，毕竟他的最后成绩就是这个样子，这种“猜测”是没有意义的。虽然博尔特在冲刺的时候做了很多小动作，不过他的速度事实上没有因此减慢太多，很难说如果他尽全力跑能不能再刷新200米世界纪录，也有可能他那个时候已经没有力气全力冲刺了。

YeZhiWei：But this may not，After all his final result is just like this，this“guess”Is of no significance。Although Mr, in the sprint did a lot of movement，But his speed in fact not so slow down too much，It's hard to say if he tried his best to run could refresh 200 m world record，It's also a possibility that he was already don't have the strength to sprint。

　　黄越滔：博尔特现在是当之无愧的“短跑之王”，他的身体条件是不是真的有“天赐”优势呢？有报道称博尔特的体检结果确实有“特异”部分，博尔特血液中的荷尔蒙含量与红细胞含量都高于普通人的平均值，所以能更快恢复。而他体内的EPO(促红细胞生长素)和α辅肌动蛋白基因高于常人，可以帮助他在奔跑过程中调动全身上下所有能量，运动系统、神经系统、内分泌系统、循环系统、呼吸系统等都发挥到极致。

HuangYueTao：Bolton, is worthy of a place now“King of the dash”，His body condition is true“a”Advantage?？Reports say the results of medical tests, bolton have actually“specific”part，Mr Hormone levels in the blood, and the content of the red blood cells were higher than the average of the ordinary people，So can recover faster。And his body of EPO(Erythropoietin)And α auxiliary actin gene higher than normal people，Can help him in the running process of your body to mobilize all energy，Sports system、Nervous system、Endocrine system、Circulation system、Respiratory system is developed to the extreme。

　　叶志伟：博尔特的身体素质的确突出，从技术上看，他的途中跑是很有优势的，他是一个高个头的短跑运动员，所以腿比较长，步幅比较大，这让他在途中跑时更轻松，而且消耗的体力也比其他运动员要少一些，在起跑上博尔特是没有太大优势的，你看他的百米跑比赛，都是在前面30米无法领先，30米过后开始甩开对手。我想博尔特虽然先天有很多优势，但他的训练办法给他带来的后天优势更重要。

YeZhiWei：Bolton's physical quality really outstanding，technically，On the way he ran is very has the advantage，He is a high head sprinter，So very long legs，Stride is bigger，This let him run in road when more easily，And the consumption of energy and other athletes than less，On the run, in boulder is not much larger advantage，You see his-meter run game，Are in front 30 meters can't lead，After 30 meters began to take points off。I think, although congenital bolton has many advantages，But his training to give he brought more important advantage the day after tomorrow。

湿冷伦敦阻挡新纪录 Cold to block the London record

　　许蓓：伦敦奥运会田径赛场上没有产生太多的新纪录，倒是北京奥运会上，博尔特一个人就破了男子100米和200米两项纪录。但游泳项目，为什么还能在伦敦不断有新纪录呢？

XuBei：London Olympic Games on the track and field without causing too much of the new record，Is the Beijing Olympic Games，Bolton, a person will break in the men's 100 m and 200 m two records。But the swimming events，Why can in London there have been new record？

　　黄越滔：2008年北京奥运会期间，游泳世界纪录成了“易碎品”。有人说是“鲨鱼皮”泳衣的神奇效应，甚至有人怀疑“水立方”泳池比正常泳池短。但随着鲨鱼皮泳衣被禁，游泳赛场仍然在不断涌现新的世界纪录。伦敦奥运会，就先后诞生了8项新的世界纪录和20项新的奥运会纪录。在2011年上海世锦赛以前，泳池里唯一一项超过10年无人问津的世界纪录是男子1500米自由泳。而现在，这个项目的纪录已经记在中国选手孙杨的名下。纵观目前所有竞技游泳的世界纪录，保持时间最长的也不过5年。或许是因为人类在竞技游泳上可挖掘的潜力更大吧。

HuangYueTao：During the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing，Swimming world record became“fragile”。Some say“Shark skin”The magic of the swimsuit effect，Even some doubt“Water cube”Swimming pool than normal pool short。But as the shark skin swimsuit banned，Swimming is still playing in the emerging new world record。London Olympic Games，It has born eight new world record and a new Olympic record 20。In 2011 Shanghai world before，Only a pool of more than 10 years of a deserted the world record of the men's 1500 m freestyle。And now，This project has been written in the record of the China's SunYang's name。Throughout all current competitive swimming world record，Keep the longest time also but 5 years。Perhaps it is because human in competitive swimming can excavate the potential of the more big。

　　许蓓：当然，田径与游泳本来就是完全没有可比性的两种竞技项目，田径比赛是在室外进行的，受天气因素的影响很大，本届奥运会运动员们在田径赛场上的表现没有特别出色，应该也跟伦敦湿冷的天气有关吧。

XuBei：Of course，Track and field and swimming was no comparable two competitive projects，Athletics is outdoors，With the weather of the factors influence，The games in track and field athletes do on the pitch did not especially well，Should the cold weather with London about it。

　　叶志伟：肯定有关系。天气对于田径运动员临场发挥的影响很大，我听在前方带队的袁国强教练说，伦敦的天气有时就是10~15摄氏度这么冷，而且一天里面气温和气候变化很大，这对于运动员的身体会有比较大的影响，短跑运动员到这样的天气条件下，肌肉就会比较紧张，一点点天气因素都可能会引起他们的身体出现反应。

YeZhiWei：Must have relations。The weather for track and field athletes face a play's influence，I listen to in the front of the YuanGuoJiang when the coach said，The weather in London is sometimes 10 ~ 15 degrees Celsius so cold，And one day inside temperature and climate change is very large，This for the athlete's body will be greater impact，A sprinter to this kind of weather conditions，Muscle will be more nervous，A little weather factors may cause their body appear reaction。

人类可以不断超越自己 Humans can transcend themselves

　　许蓓：人类速度极限这个问题，体育、科学、医学各个方面的讨论过去有很多，而且这个讨论还会一直继续下去，我想，现在讨论“极限”，不能只局限在从人体的承受力方面来推断，毕竟在相关运动装备、比赛条件和合法辅助营养品的作用下，人类可以超越自己的身体“极限”。

XuBei：Human speed limit the problem，sports、science、Medical all aspects of the discussion in the past has a lot of，And this discussion will also continue，I want to，Now discuss“limit”，Not only limited in from the human body to the strength of the inference，After all, in the relevant sports equipment、Game conditions and legal auxiliary under the action of nourishment，Human can go beyond his own body“limit”。

　　叶志伟：是的，现在的径赛赛道有了很大改进，运动员穿的跑鞋、运动衫，起跑器等等，都有很多科技成分，这些器材、装备，还有运动员的食品、合法的营养品，都可以帮助运动员提高自己的成绩。

YeZhiWei：yes，Now the track circuit were improved a lot，Athletes wear running shoes、jerseys，Blocks, etc，There are many technology components，This equipment、equipment，The food and athletes、Legal nourishment，Can help the athletes to improve their results。

　　黄越滔：越来越先进的科研融入到竞技体育训练中。在“鲨鱼皮”泳衣被禁后，并没有影响世界纪录的产生，这就充分证明，科学训练是游泳运动员挑战极限的关键。“鲨鱼皮”泳衣本身就不是“万能”产物。面对运动员不同的身材比例和技术风格，“鲨鱼皮”只对其中一部分人有明显的辅助作用。或许就是因为这样，国际泳联才决定取缔“鲨鱼皮”，让竞技游泳更公平、更纯粹。

HuangYueTao：More and more advanced scientific research into the competitive sports in training。in“Shark skin”Swimsuit after the，And without the influence the generation of the world record，It is proved，Scientific training is swimming athlete challenge the limits of the key。“Shark skin”Swimsuit itself is not“everything”product。Face different figure scale and athletes technical style，“Shark skin”Only for some of the people have obvious auxiliary function。Perhaps it is because this，Fina decided to ban“Shark skin”，Let more fair competitive swimming、More pure。

　　黄越滔：我认为，人本身的速度能力是有极限的。但技术和战术是可以不断提高、不断改变的。通过这些改变，运动成绩自然会有变化。当然，对于游泳项目而言，技术和体能缺一不可，技术的极限是不可估量的。对于高水平运动员来说，技术没有一个绝对的标准，往往最适合自己的就是最好的。

HuangYueTao：I think，The speed of itself could be a limit。But the technology and tactics is can improve、changing。Through these changes，Sports achievement naturally have change。Of course，As for the swimming events，Technology and physical fitness are short of one cannot，The limit of technology is inestimable。For high level athletes，Technology no absolute standard，Often the most suitable is the best。

相关链接 Relevant link

　　据英国《经济学人》杂志报道，2008年斯坦福大学的丹尼博士发表了一篇论文，文中分析了从短跑到马拉松等各个跑步项目中运动员所跑出的最高速度。通过他分析，人类100米短跑的极限速度是10.55米/秒，所以跑完百米最快是9.48秒。但最近一项研究表明，女子100米的成绩将会在2156年与男子成绩持平，达到8.08秒。不过，一些体育统计学者认为，这样的数据分析存在瑕疵，因为这种方法过于依赖线性推断。(许蓓 黄越滔)

According to the British《economist》Magazine reported，2008 years of Stanford university dr. Danny published a paper，This paper analyzes the from sprint to the marathon, and other running project athletes run out of the top speed。Through the analysis of his，The 100-meter dash human of extreme speed is 10.55 m/s，So to run the m fastest is 9.48 seconds。But a recent study suggests，Women's 100 m results will be in 2156 with man as grades，8.08 seconds。but，Some scholars think that sports statistics，Such data analysis flaws，Because this method depended too much on linear inference。(XuBei HuangYueTao)