奥运会东道主为办一届成功的奥运会煞费苦心，不过付出总会获得回报，历史数据显示，历届东道主都能在金牌榜和经济增长上获得双赢。

Host the Olympic Games to do a successful Olympic Games take great pains，But the outcome is always rewarded，History data shows，All previous host can in the world and economic growth get win-win。

　　本届伦敦奥运会东道主英国在金牌榜上也是野心勃勃，他们希望在保住奖牌榜前四的基础上，将金牌总数从上届的19枚提高到27枚，更希望伦敦奥运会能够刺激疲软的经济，让英国尽早走出欧洲债务危机的阴影。

The London Olympic Games host England in the world also have big ambitions，They hope to keep in the medal tally on the basis of the first four，The total number of gold MEDALS from the last 19 to 27 pieces to improve，More hope the London Olympic Games can stimulate the weak economy，Let Britain out of Europe as soon as possible the shadow of the debt crisis。

　　

历史规律 Historical law

　　

办奥运促当地经济增长 对GDP贡献并不可观 Olympics promote local economic growth of the GDP contribution is not significant

　　《温哥华太阳报》称，有研究表明，奥运会对当地经济的促进作用是巨大的。奥运会对经济的影响主要体现在三个阶段，奥运之前、奥运期间以及后奥运时期。

《Vancouver sun》says，Some studies have suggested that，The Olympic Games on the local economic role is huge。The influence of the Olympic Games on economy mainly embodied in three stages，Before the Olympic Games、During the period of the Olympic Games and the Olympic period after。

　　前奥运经济主要是指基础设施建设，包括新的道路、机场、奥运村以及酒店等。这些建设不仅会发生费用，也会创造出巨大的就业机会和经济价值。

Former Olympic economy is mainly refers to the infrastructure construction，Including new road、airport、The Olympic village and hotel, etc。The construction will not only produce cost，Will create a huge employment opportunities and economic value。

　　奥运期间的经济主要包括数以万计的观众所带来的经济刺激，游客的到来对主办国必然是一个正面的刺激，但是如果主办国本身比较小的话，其经济刺激就相对要小得多。

During the period of the Olympic Games economy mainly include tens of thousands of audience brought about by the economic stimulus，The arrival of tourists to host inevitable is a positive stimulus，But if the host itself relatively small words，Its economic stimulus is relative are much smaller。

　　普华永道的一份报告显示，自1984年到2000年，所有的奥运会主办城市都在后奥运时期获得了不同的经济效益，但其所占GDP的比重并不可观。巴塞罗那地区经济增长占GDP比值为0.03%，悉尼为2.78%，亚特兰大为2.41%，首尔为1.4%，洛杉矶为0.47%。

Pricewaterhousecoopers (PWC) according to a report，From 1984 to 2000，All of the Olympic host city is in the Olympic Games period won the different economic benefit，But the proportion of GDP is not significant。Barcelona regional economic growth ratio of GDP is 0.03%，Sydney is 2.78%，Atlanta is 2.41%，Seoul is 1.4%，Los Angeles is 0.47%。

　　在1984年洛杉矶奥运会实现盈利2.2亿美元之后，洛杉矶奥组委主席尤伯罗斯提出的奥运会TOP计划也成为各国举办奥运会的范本。

In the 1984 games in Los Angeles to realize a profit of 220 million dollars later，Los Angeles bocog President YouBoLuoSi proposed the TOP programs also became the various countries' to host the Olympic Games of the template。

　　此外，奥运会期间对于主办国家旅游业、建筑业、体育产业等都有一定的拉动效应。1988年的汉城奥运会直接促成了韩国经济的腾飞，1996年的亚特兰大奥运会也是亚特兰大成为美国第三大城市的直接原因。

In addition，During the Olympic Games host country for tourism、construction、The sports industry and so on all have certain pull effect。1988 years of Olympic Games in Seoul, South Korea directly contributed to the economic boom，1996 years of the Atlanta Olympics is also Atlanta became the third largest city of direct reasons。

　　

希腊陷入债务危机 并非仅因承办奥运会 Greek into debt crisis is not only for the games

　　当然，凡事都有例外。8年前，当奥运回到雅典的时候，希腊无限荣光，可当债务危机给这个国家造成巨大的打击之后，希腊人的后悔多于骄傲，他们中的很多人认为，这和投入大量资金举办奥运会有很大关系。

Of course，All things are exceptions。Eight years ago，When the Olympic Games returned to Athens time，Greek infinite glory，But when debt crisis to the country after the shock of huge，Greek regret more than pride，Many of them think，This and invest a lot of money has a lot to do to host the Olympic Games。

　　希腊前体操运动员克里斯托斯称：“那时候我们感觉很好，希腊是世界的中心，我们能够向全世界展示自己的国家。但是代价有多大，数十亿的欧元，现在我们破产了，而且一天比一天糟糕。很难说这之间没有什么因果联系。”

Before the Greek gymnasts krystal, says：“At that time we feel very good，Greece is the center of the world，We can all over the world to display their own country。But how much cost，Billions of euros，Now we go bankrupt，And one day than a bad day。It's hard to say this is no causal link between。”

　　不过《时代》杂志称，办一届奥运会当然不会造成一个国家的债务危机，希腊长期以来都存在着公共财政、腐败等体制上的问题。雅典奥运会对于现代希腊来说是其巅峰期的一个标志，雅典奥运会举办的时候，希腊刚刚加入欧元区，并且经历了短暂的繁荣期。

but《age》Magazine said，Do a Olympic Games certainly won't cause a country's debt crisis，Greece has long there are public finance、Corruption, etc system problems。Athens Olympic Games for modern Greek speaking is a sign of the DianFengQi，Athens Olympic Games time，Greece has just joined the euro area，And experienced short boom。

　　事实上，从雅典奥运的组织上已经可以窥见希腊债务危机的前兆，严重超支、计划不善、管理不善。联邦储备银行经济学家马克研究了奥运会对主办国的经济影响之后表示，看看希腊如何筹办奥运就可以知道这个国家是如何陷入债务危机的。

In fact，From Athens Olympic Games organization have been able to see the Greek debt crisis of precursors，Seriously overspent、Plan not、mismanagement。Federal reserve bank economist mark studied to host the Olympic Games after the economic impact of said，Look at the Greek how to hold the Olympic Games can know how the country is in debt crisis。

　　

主场优势使夺金数大涨 Home court advantage that number of gold

　　

往往能多收获10枚以上 Often can harvest more than 10 pieces of above

　　东道主效应不仅体现在GDP的增长上，更体现在金牌榜上。北京奥运会，中国创历史地拿下51枚金牌，首次登上金牌榜榜首。而根据以往的经验，东道主的主场优势，往往能促使其在奥运会上多揽得10枚以上的金牌。

The host effect is reflected not only in GDP growth，More reflected in the world。The Beijing Olympic Games，China and history to win 51 gold MEDALS，On top of the first world。According to the experience of the past，The host's home court advantage，Often can cause the drum in the Olympic Games had 10 pieces of more gold MEDALS。

　　日本在1964年之前的两届奥运会上均获得了4枚金牌，但东京奥运会上这个数字上升到16枚；西班牙在巴塞罗那奥运会上收获13金，而之前他们只能收获一金；韩国在汉城奥运会上收获12金并跻身金牌榜四强，但此前一届奥运会他们只收获了6金；悉尼奥运会上澳大利亚喜获16金，而在此之前他们的金牌数从未达到过两位数。

Japan in 1964 before the two Olympic Games are won 4 gold MEDALS，But Tokyo Olympic Games the number rises up to 16 MEDALS；Spain in the Barcelona Olympic Games harvest and gold，But before they can only reap a gold；In the Olympic Games in Seoul, South Korea get 12 gold and among the world，But after a session of Olympic Games they only harvest six gold；The Sydney Olympic Games Australia has 16 gold，And before this they finished never reach two digits。

　　东道主效应最好的典型是1980年莫斯科奥运会和1984年洛杉矶奥运会，前苏联和美国分别在自己的家门口狂揽金牌80和83枚，比以往多了三四十枚之多。

The host effect best typical is the 1980 games in Moscow and the 1984 games in Los Angeles，The former Soviet union and the United States respectively in their own home his season-high 80 and 83 pieces of gold，More than 40 pieces of many。

　　

伦敦效应 London effect

　　

城市形象变得更加现代 The image of the city become more modern

　　

创造出数十万就业机会 Create hundreds of thousands of jobs

　　如今的奥运会已经不再是上世纪70年代和80年代的那种政绩工程，相反，它能够重新定义它的主办城市，并且成为某种城市再生的催化剂。

Today's Olympic Games is no longer in the 1970 s and 80 s the sort of achievement engineering，instead，It can redefine its host city，And become a city regeneration of catalyst。

　　毫无疑问，伦敦奥运会帮助伦敦改变了城市形象，使之变成了一个更具现代化气息的城市。但更大的影响在于其对伦敦东区的改造，包括居民住宅条件的改善以及对于全英国相关贸易的影响。这并不是说，改变会立刻发生，但在奥运结束后的20年内会逐渐地 显现出来。

There is no doubt that，The London Olympic Games help London changed the image of the city，To become a more modern breath the city。But the greater influence in the east London to reform，Including residential conditions to improve and the whole British related trade influence。This is not to say that，Change will happen right away，But in the Olympic Games after the end of the 20 years will gradually appear。

　　俄罗斯之声称，奥运会为经济危机中的英国带来了不少的商业合同。以苏格兰的Glasgow's Barr建筑公司为例，他们建造了伦敦奥运会篮球馆，该建筑公司所承建的奥运项目就为GDP贡献了10亿英镑。

Russia says the，The Olympic Games as the economic crisis in Britain brought about a lot of business contract。In Glasgow Scotland 's Barr construction company as an example，They built the London Olympic basketball gymnasium has been equipped，The building of the Olympic project construction company for the contribution to the GDP for 1 billion pounds。

　　与以往的奥运会一样，伦敦也将在奥运会期间迎来游客的大幅度增长，在奥运会之后，他们还会继续游览英国其他城市。不过对于英国的旅游业来说，真正的高潮是在奥运会结束后的一年，商务游客会有一个大幅度的增长。

As with the previous Olympic Games，London will also be in during the Olympic Games have greatly increased tourists，After the Olympic Games in，They also will continue to visit Britain to other cities。But in Britain for tourism，The real climax is in the Olympic Games after the end of the year，Business visitors will have a substantial growth。

　　就业机会同样会体现在GDP的增长上，据预计，伦敦奥运会会为英国创造354000个就业和培训机会。

Employment opportunities will also reflected in GDP growth，It is expected，The London Olympic Games for England will create 354000 jobs and training opportunities。

　　中小企业更是商机无限，一家公司因为制造奥运吉祥物的缘故，最近获得了宝马公司制造汽车玩具模型的全球大单，还有许多这样获得奥组委官方订单的企业顺利开发了海外市场。

Small and medium-sized enterprise is unlimited business opportunities，A company for manufacturing the sake of Olympic mascots，Recently won the BMW make cars toy model of global big single，There are many such get bocog official order enterprise well developed overseas market。

　　经济学家研究认为，一个国家举办大型体育赛事，有利于提高民众的消费信心指数，英国在主办1996年欧锦赛期间，消费者平均的消费水平提高了165英镑。《每日电讯报》预测称，奥运会将为英国带来165亿英镑的收益。

Economists study says，A country hold large-scale sports events，To improve people's consumer confidence index，Britain in the host the 1996 euro period，Consumer average consumption level up 165 pounds。《Daily telegraph》predicts，The Olympic Games will be brought to Britain £ 16.5 billion earnings。

　　

夺金期望 Gold expect

　　

成立史上最大规模代表团 The history of established the largest delegation

　　

英国希望能获得27枚金牌 British hoping to get 27 gold MEDALS

　　据英国《卫报》报道，英国奥运代表团在7月9日成立，是本届奥运会上最先成立且规模最大的代表团。团队中有运动员542人，将参加所有的26个大项的比赛。此外，这个代表团还包括519名后勤支持人员与300名志愿者。

According to the British《The guardian》reports，British Olympic delegation was established on July 9,，Is the Olympic Games was the first and largest delegation。There is one on the team athletes 542 people，Will take part in all the 26 sports game。In addition，The delegation also includes 519 logistics support staff and 300 volunteers。

　　四年前的北京奥运会，英国运动员的人数仅为305名，加上服务人员在内，一共不过527人，还没有现在的运动员人数多。据了解，此次英国代表团的人数是自1908年的伦敦奥运会以来，英国奥运百年历史上规模最大的一次。

Four years ago, the Beijing Olympic Games，The number of British athletes is only 305，Plus, service personnel，But a total of 527 people，Haven't today's athletes number。It is understood，The British delegation is the number of people since the 1908 London Olympic Games，British Olympic history of one hundred years on the scale of one of the biggest。

　　为了筹备这次奥运会和稍后的残奥会，英国已经投入了三亿英镑的资金和大量的人力，他们当然希望付出有所回报。在奥运奖牌方面，英国人希望能保住北京奥运奖牌榜第四位的成绩，取得至少十二个大项的奖牌。

In preparation for the Olympic Games and the paralympic games later，Britain has spent three hundred million pounds of money and a lot of human，Of course they are willing to pay to return。In the Olympic MEDALS aspects，British people hope to keep the Beijing Olympics medal tally the fourth grades，Obtain at least twelve sports medal。

　　《卫报》报道称，英国谢菲尔德大学体育研究中心预测英国将获得27枚金牌和56枚奖牌。上届奥运会，英国获得了19枚金牌和47枚奖牌，主场优势将使得英国获得更多奖牌。

《The guardian》Reports say，British Sheffield university sports research center forecast Britain will obtain 27 gold MEDALS and 56 MEDALS。The last Olympic Games，England won 19 gold MEDALS and 47 MEDALS，Home court advantage will allow British get more MEDALS。

　　报告称，在家乡父老的支持下，运动员可以发挥熟悉场地的优势，在一些打分的项目中，运动员也可以获得更多的分数。

The report says，In the support of our home fans，Athletes can play familiar with the advantage，In some marking project，Athletes can also get more points。

　　英国代表团中，射箭选手艾莉森·威廉森、三项赛选手玛丽·金和障碍赛选手尼克·斯凯尔顿都是经验丰富的选手，他们今年是第6次参加奥运会。而一些曾获得过奥运金牌的选手，也希望在本次盛会中续写辉煌，例如有四块金牌在手的场地自行车手克里斯·霍伊、帆船三冠王本·安斯利和在北京奥运独获两金的游泳选手丽贝卡·阿德林顿。(钱业)

The British delegation，Archery player Alison William's、The three players Mary gold and steeplechase player Nick skelton are experienced players，They this year is the sixth time to attend the Olympic Games。And some have won the Olympic gold medal athletes，Also hope that in this event to write brilliancy，For example, there are four gold MEDALS in the field of cyclists Chris hoy、Sailing treble Ben AnSiLi and in the Beijing Olympic Games only won two gold swimmers Rebecca · adelin meal。(QianYe)