“中国路”与“美国梦” "China road"and"The American dream"

——中美医改面面观 The aspects of medical reform -

　　为了让“全民医保”的梦想照进现实，作为世界人口最多的中国和经济最发达的美国，都在努力探索一条适合各自国情和发展基础的医疗体系改革之路。对比蹒跚走过百年的美国“世纪医改”，中国医改立足国情发挥制度优势，在短短3年里取得的成效令外国专家印象深刻。

In order to make"Universal coverage"According to the dream into reality,As the world's most populous China and the most developed economy of the United States,Are trying to explore a suitable for their national conditions and development foundation of medical system reform road.Contrast stumble through the United States in one hundred"Century medical",China's reform, base on the national conditions play system advantage,In a short span of three years results for foreign experts impressive.

　　面临医改这个世界性难题，无论是美国方式，还是中国答卷，国情截然不同的两个大国需要不一样的破解之术。“中国路”与“美国梦”无疑会为世界其他国家提供有益参照。

Facing the worldwide medical problem,Whether the American way,Or Chinese writing papers,Different national conditions of the two powers need different crack of arts."China road"and"The American dream"For the rest of the world will no doubt provide helpful reference.

　　“中国路”的成就与“美国梦”的蹒跚 "China road"Achievements and"The American dream"Of reeling

　　从美国总统西奥多·罗斯福1912年首次提出“全民医保”构想算起，美国医改之路已蹒跚走过百年。2010年3月，美国医疗保险改革“闯关”通过，终于在奥巴马任期内成为法律。经历整整一个世纪，美国终于朝着实现全民医保迈出关键一步。按照奥巴马政府的计划，今后10年将加大相关投入，如果医改方案顺利实施，美国医保覆盖率将从85%提升至95%，接近全民医保。

From the United States President Theodore Roosevelt put forward for the first time in 1912"Universal coverage"Idea is on the,The United States medical road already reeling through one hundred.In march of 2010,American medical insurance reform"recruit"Through the,Finally in the Obama presidency into law.Experience for a century,The United States finally toward attaining universal coverage a key step.According to Mr Obama the government's plan,The next 10 years will increase relevant input,If medical smooth implementation scheme,The United States health coverage from 85% up to 95%,Close to universal coverage.

　　美国医疗改革问题专家达纳·戈德曼教授日前接受新华社记者采访时说，对比美国的“世纪医改”，中国医疗改革的高效“让人印象深刻”。

The United States medical reform experts Dana · Goldman professor has to accept xinhua news agency reporters,Contrast the United States"Century medical",The reform of China's medical treatment efficiency"Impressive".

　　2009年，也就是奥巴马签署医改法案的前一年，拥有13亿人口的中国，新一轮医药卫生体制改革开始进入全面实施阶段。2009年至2011年间，中国城乡居民参加3项基本医保人数超过13亿，比改革前增加了1.72亿，医保覆盖率提升到95%以上，超过预定目标5个百分点。

In 2009,,Is barack Obama signed legislation reform, a year before,China has a population of 1.3 billion,A new round of medicine and health care system reform began to enter the overall implementation stage.Between 2009 and 2011,China's urban and rural residents to participate in three basic medical insurance more than 1.3 billion,Before than reform increased by 172 million,Health coverage to ascend to the more than 95%,More than 5% of the intended target.

　　“我认为，中国医疗改革的成就非凡。中国在如此短的时期内，向全民医保的道路迈出如此大的步伐，令人震惊……更让人印象深刻的是，中国乡村的医疗保障可及率大幅提高，”在美国南加州大学和加州大学洛杉矶分校等名校任教的戈德曼说。

"I think,Chinese medical reform extraordinary achievement.China in such a short period of time,The way of universal coverage to take such steps,Shocking...More impressive is,China's rural medical security and rate can be greatly increased,"In the United States at the university of southern California and the university of California, Los Angeles at the elite of Goldman said.

　　短短3年间，立足国情，发挥制度优势，中国逐步探索出一条有中国特色的医改之路。从2009年至2011年，中国全民基本医保、基本药物、基层医疗卫生服务、基本公共卫生服务四大制度体系建设及公立医院探索全面推进，全民医保基本实现，基层服务能力明显加强，基本医疗卫生服务的可及性、公平性显著提高。

Just three years,Base on the national conditions,Play system advantage,China gradually worked out a reform with Chinese characteristics of the road.From 2009 to 2011,China national basic medical insurance/Basic drugs/Basic medical and health services/Basic public health services four system construction and promote public hospital exploration,Universal coverage basic realization,The primary service ability was improved obviously,Basic medical and health services of accessibility/Fairness improved significantly.

　　美国斯坦福大学亚洲卫生政策项目主任卡伦·埃格尔斯顿认为，中国最显著的一个变化是，在相当短的时间内就基本实现了医保全覆盖，并且中国医改成就中，最了不起的正是其新建立的医保体系，“这是一个创新性举措，中国是迄今唯一一个能取得这样成就的发展中国家”。

Stanford university Asian health policy project director Karen · eger Winston thought,China's most significant a change is,In a relatively short time is basically achieved a complete coverage of medical insurance,And China's reform achievements,The greatest is the newly established medical insurance system,"This is a innovative measures,China is so far the only one can obtain such achievements of developing countries".