近年来，到海岛旅游对于普通民众来说已经是很普及的了，特别是到境外的知名海岛旅游也越来越普遍。游客早已不满足于沙滩漫步、海中畅泳这些常规动作，把目光放到大海更远、更深的地方，因为那里有更美的景致。要欣赏这些景致，通常要依靠潜水实现，因此，原来在大家印象中门槛很高的潜水，也慢慢成为一项老少皆宜的活动。随着潜水活动参与者的不断增加，有关国人旅游时潜水遇意外的个案也在增多，学习一些潜水知识对旅游者越发重要。

In recent years，To the island tourism for ordinary people it is already very popular the，Especially to overseas well-known island tourism is becoming more and more popular。Tourists have not satisfied the beach stroll、The sea camouflage these conventional action，Look into the sea beyond、Deeper place，Because there are more beautiful scenery。To admire the scenery，Usually depends on diving realize，therefore，For in you the impression threshold high diving，Also slowly become a activities for young and old。With the increasing number of participants diving，Relevant Chinese travel diving any accident case also are increasing，Learn some knowledge of diving to tourists all the more important。

分清潜水分类和设备

Distinguish diving classification and equipment

　　根据潜水方式的不同，一般把大众参与的潜水活动分为“浮潜”和“给气潜水”。

According to the different way of diving，The general public to participate in the diving activity is divided into“snorkeling”and“To air diving”。

　　“浮潜”是把浮在水面不潜入水中活动的“浮游”和憋住呼吸期间潜入水中的“屏气潜水”结合在一起，常常需要装备“潜水三宝”的面镜、呼吸管和蛙鞋，又称 “徒手潜水”。

“snorkeling”The floating on the surface of the water is not submerge activity“planktonic”And to hold one's breath period dives into the water“Breathless diving”together，Often need equipment“Diving treble”Face mirror、A breathing tube and flippers，Say again “Unarmed diving”。

　　“给气潜水”是指潜水者在潜水期间能得到气体的供应，其分为“自给气潜水”和“供气潜水”。其中常见的是潜水者自己携带在水中活动期间使用的气体潜入水中，一般称为“水肺潜水”。水肺潜水需要大量的装备，除了“潜水三宝”外，还要有专用于水肺潜水的浮力调整装置（BCD)、气瓶、气瓶阀、背架、调节器和压力表（SPG）。而为了保证潜水的安全，还需要有避免水下缠绕的潜水刀，以及主要用于保证潜水员在安全深度和时限内停留、记录潜水过程的潜水电脑等。

“To air diving”Refers to divers in the diving period can get gas supply，It is divided into“Self air diving”and“Air supply diving”。The common is divers in the water carry their own activities during the use of gas into the water，Commonly referred to as“Scuba diving”。Scuba diving need a lot of equipment，In addition to“Diving treble”outside，Have dedicated to scuba diving buoyancy adjusting device（BCD)、cylinders、Cylinder valve、Back rack、Regulator and pressure gauge（SPG）。And in order to guarantee the safety of the diving，Also need to have avoid underwater winding dive knife，And main used to ensure diver in safety depth and time period to stay、Record the process of diving diving computer, etc。

了解潜水适宜人群 下海之前要心中有数

Understand diving appropriate crowd sea before you know fairly well

　　参加一项运动前，理性的做法是首先考虑是否危险，因为任何运动都存在不同程度的风险性。据了解，在国外关于各种运动项目危险系数的排名中，水肺潜水排在第43位，危险程度略低于足球，可见潜水的风险并没有想象中高。当然，前提是潜水者受过专业的培训，而又自律地按规则行事。

To participate in a sport before，Rational approach is first considering whether to risk，Because any movement in different degrees of risk。It is understood，In foreign countries about all kinds of sports project risk factor list，Scuba diving in a row 43，Danger level slightly lower than football，Visible diving risks and did not imagine the high。Of course，Premise is divers a professional training，And self-discipline to rules。

　　据参加潜水运动多年的专业人士介绍，潜水可以算一项老少皆宜的活动，因为潜水者并不存在年龄限制。不过，因为考虑到年龄过低的人对课程内容的理解会有一定困难，大多数潜水指导团体规定，取得潜水证书的最低年龄为12岁。此外，不擅长游泳的人也可以潜水。因为水性优劣并不是潜水过程中的主要问题，但潜水者必须具有一定的游泳能力。在国内报名参加潜水练习时，通常要求能够完成自由泳20米左右的距离。

According to participate in scuba diving professionals for many years is introduced，Diving can calculate a activities for young and old，Because divers did not exist age limit。but，Because of considering the low age of understanding of the course material can have certain difficulty，Most of the diving guidance group provisions，Get diving certificate the minimum age for 12 years old。In addition，Not good at swimming can also dive。Because water quality and not diving in the process of the main problems，But divers must have a certain ability to swim。In the domestic sign up for diving practice，Usually require to be able to complete the distance of 20 meters freestyle。

　　有下列情况者不适合潜水：酒醉后、心脏病、羊痫疯、感冒、神经过敏症、气喘、糖尿病、高(低)血压、有关耳鼻疾病等。如果近视也可以潜水，因为面镜是可以带有近视度数的，但不提倡戴隐形眼镜，因为在水下，隐形镜片易被冲走，更重要的是当潜水者上升时，隐型眼镜会阻碍眼睛和排出氮气，对身体有害。

The following case is not suitable for diving：Morning after、Heart disease、Sheep speech crazy、cold、neuroticism、asthma、diabetes、high(low)Blood pressure、The ear nose diseases, etc。If myopic can also dive，Because the surface mirror can be with the myopic degree，But don't advocate wear contact lenses，Because in underwater，Contact lens easy to be washed away，The more important thing is when divers rises，Contact lenses will hinder the eyes and discharge nitrogen，Harmful to the body。

“浮潜”：先在浅海尝试了解潜水适宜人群

“snorkeling”：First in shallow sea try to know diving appropriate crowd

　　专业人士建议，如果是第一次参加浮潜，最好是在能够到底的浅海尝试，那样即便有危险也能够站起来。尝试时，必须要有人在身边，因为即使是半身高的水一样有危险。如果不懂游泳，请穿上救生衣。

Professional personage suggests，If it is the first time to join snorkeling，It is best to the end in shallow sea try，So even if there is danger can also stand up。attempt，Must want to someone in the side，Because even half high water is dangerous。If you don't understand swimming，Please put on your jacket。

　　浮潜要选择适合自己脸型的面镜，并学会排除面镜积水，如果发生进水，请不要慌张。一般发生浮潜事故，都是不知道哪里进水然后紧张失措所致。浮潜中比较容易发生呼吸管进水，所以学会如何把呼吸管的水排出去是最重要的。可以先练习，当进水的时候像吐痰一样使劲吐气，如果一次没吐干净，就继续慢慢吸气，但不要把水吸到嘴里，吸足气后再使劲吐。如果觉得有危险或者不舒服，请停下冷静思考处理问题。

Snorkeling want to choose to suit oneself face mask，And learn to eliminate surface mirror water，If there is a water，Please don't panic。Commonly occur snorkeling accident，Is not know where water then tension caused by head。Snorkeling are easy to occur in the breathing tube intake，So learn how to put the breathing tube of water out is the most important。Could start practice，When the water like spitting as hard expiratory，If a didn't spit clean，Will continue to breathe in slowly，But don't suck water into his mouth，Gas suction foot after tried to spit。If you think it is dangerous or uncomfortable，Please stop calm thinking dealing with problems。

　　最后，浮潜不要忽略防晒问题，夏天的太阳狠毒，防晒衣并不是可有可无的东西。

finally，Snorkeling don't ignore is prevented bask in question，The summer sun malevolence，Prevent bask in clothes and what is not an option。

“水肺潜水”：慎选潜水机构

“Scuba diving”：Use diving agencies

　　潜水新手要进行“水肺潜水”，选择一家员工操练有素、安全意识和设备齐全并精心保养的潜水机构是最重要的。一般来说，教授潜水者必须是持证上岗的，应该达到当地对潜水教练人员的要求。对于初次潜水或潜水时间不长的人，水的压力会使人的耳道感到不适，甚至疼痛。此时应用手捏住鼻子，用力向鼻腔内鼓气，从而使耳道内气压升高，抵消水的压力。再向下潜，耳道内疼痛难忍，应立刻上浮，别逞强。

Diving novice to carry out“Scuba diving”，Choose a staff well practice、Safety consciousness and equipment is complete and careful maintenance diving mechanism is the most important。Generally speaking，Professor divers must be of card mount guard，Should achieve the diving coaches requirements。For the first diving or diving time is not long people，The water pressure can make the person's ear canal feel ill，Even pain。The application of hand hold your nose，To force inside nasal cavity air-blowing，So that the ear canal increased the pressure，Offset the water pressure。Again to descend，Within the ear canal is so painful，Should immediately be floating，Don't opposed。

　　进行潜水必须遵守两人同行原则，即两人从入水到上岸都必须在一起。下潜前，遵从潜水领队的潜前简介及指示，评估当时环境是否宜作潜水活动，否则应予取消；互相检查及认识彼此仪器，两人经常保持联系，不能自行上岸。当出现落单时，应保持镇静，浮上几米寻找同伴；找不到时就浮出水面，注意观察气泡。超过十分钟仍无同伴踪迹，应回到入水地点。当在陌生环境进行潜水活动时，应寻求该地的环境认识或作环境观察。

In diving must abide by the two of them together principle，That two people from into water to go ashore must be together。Before diving，Follow the diving team latent former profile and the indicator，Evaluate the environment is appropriate for diving，Or should be cancelled；Check each other and know each other instrument，Two people often keep in touch，Unable to go ashore。When appear when alone，Should keep calm，Floating on a few meters looking for companions；Can't find when surface，Notice the bubble。More than ten minutes is still no trace companion，Should get back to the place into the water。When in a strange environment when diving，Should seek the understanding of environment and environmental observation。

　　进行潜水活动时，每10米检查一下残压计余量，同时应随身带备长形水面浮泡(象拔)，并于水面设置可清晰辨认的浮标连潜水旗，提醒驾船人士远离该区域。若无必要，请不要猎杀水中动物，注意环保。

In diving activity，Every 10 meters check the residual pressure gauge allowance，At the same time should take for long form surface floating bubble(Like drawing)，And in the surface setting can be clearly identify the buoy even diving flag，Remind a boat people away from the area。If not necessary，Please don't kill the animal，Pay attention to environmental protection。