中新网1月29日电 (刘欢) 近日有媒体报道称，重庆抗日名将刘湘公馆悄然变身为豪华餐厅。此事引发网友热议。刘湘公馆的遭遇并非个例，关于名人故居进行商业性经营的新闻屡见报端。

Beijing, jan. 29 (Liu joyfully) Recently had the media reports say,Chongqing's anti-japanese liuxiang mansion quietly become a luxury restaurant.It cause net friend of hot debate.Liuxiang mansion encounter not case-by-case,About the former residence of famous person for commercial operation of the press and the news is often seen.

公馆变豪宅古宅变会所 The old mansion become a change

　　2012年6月，南京市文保单位张治中公馆在经历拆除、重建后，摇身变为叫价6000多万元的商品豪宅，引发了公众对文物保护中“空气执法”的强烈质疑与批评。

In June 2012,Nanjing WenBao unit zhang zhizhong mansion after demolition/reconstruction,Shake the body to offer more than 6000 yuan goods curtilage,Cause the public to the protection of cultural relics"Air law enforcement"Strong questioning and criticism.

　　著名历史文化街区三坊七巷也被曝出“会所门”。据称，三坊七巷部分名人故居被出租经营，出现了消费不菲、门第森严的私人会所，三坊七巷甚至被称为“酒肉巷”，引起社会的广泛关注。

The famous historical and cultural blocks three lanes and seven alleys were also expose"Club door".it,Three lanes and seven alleys part of the former residence of celebrities were rental business,Appeared consumption does not poor/Parentage heavily fortified private club,Three lanes and seven alleys even called"Wine meat lane",Cause social attention.

　　有评论称，凡此种种，蕴含的粗暴逻辑是“文化不如商业化”。而拆建名人故居的代价，在商家眼中看来几乎微乎其微。施工单位拆除张治中公馆后复建，得到的处罚仅仅是“罚款25万元”。有文保专家表示，文物执法不能再板子高高举起，轻轻落下了。拆改一座价值数千万的民国建筑，却仅仅处以几十万元的罚款，违法成本这么低，怎么有震慑力？监管不力、执法不严的现状，亟待修正。

Critics say,Every this a variety of,Contains the logic is rough"As commercial culture".And the price of the former residence of famous person of construction and demolition,In business eyes almost negligible.Construction units removed zhang zhizhong mansion after rehabilitation,Get punishment is only"A fine of $250000".Have WenBao experts say,Cultural relics law enforcement can't board held high,Gently down the.Down to a value of the republic of tens of millions of dollars in construction,But only a fine of hundreds of thousands of yuan,The illegal cost so low,How ZhenSheLi?unregulated/The present situation of the law enforcement is lax,To be modified.

　梁林故居被拆凸显文保困境 Former residence of LiangLin were removed WenBao highlights the difficulties

　　在GDP跑步发展的今天，文化价值与经济利益的博弈异常激烈，名人故居始终处于“拆”和“保”之间。不少商业项目负责人不惜违法违规，频频上演“先斩后奏”，多少历史珍贵记忆就此消失。

In the development of GDP running today,Cultural value and economic benefits are unusually fierce game,The former residence of famous person always in"and"and"the"between.Many business project person in charge at illegal,Frequently on"Act first and report afterwards",How many historical precious memory disappear.

　　2012年1月，梁林故居被“维修性拆除”。相隔仅半个月，重庆蒋介石行营被“保护性拆除”。伴随着两座古建筑被夷为平地，两个新词“维修性拆除”与“保护性拆除”迅速流行开来。更多已被拆除或者正在拆除中的名人故居，刺激着媒体和公众脆弱的神经。

In January 2012,LiangLin former residence is"Maintainability demolition".Separated by only half a month,Chongqing is HangYing Chiang kai-shek"Protective demolition".With two old building was razed to the ground,Two new"Maintainability demolition"and"Protective demolition"Quickly became popular.More has been demolished or being demolished in the former residence of celebrities,The media and the public to stimulate the fragile nerves.

　　鲁迅故居、聂耳故居、傅雷故居、章士钊故居，一座座故居倒在了城市建设的浪潮下。调查显示，近30年来消失的4万多处不可移动文物中，有一半以上是毁于各类建设活动。国家文物局副局长宋新潮曾坦承，近年来我国文物保护已经进入最关键的时候，文物遭破坏被拆除的情况，可以说是历史之最。

Lu xun's former residence/Nie er former residence/Former fu lei/ZhangShiZhao former residence,The former place collapsed in the urban construction under the wave.Investigation shows that,The disappearance of nearly 30 years in more than 40000 places do not move in cultural relics,More than half are destroyed by all kinds of construction activities.Deputy director of state administration of SongXinChao has admitted,In recent years, the protection of cultural relics in China has entered into the most crucial time,Cultural relics destroyed the demolished,Can be said to be the most history.

　　有学者认为，以上种种，凸显了中国文物保护工作的两大困境。一是文物保护工程的理念问题，即文物修缮工作应严格遵循“最少干预”和“不改变文物原状”的原则。二是文物行政的透明度问题，文物保护工作应让更多公众参与监督，保障公众知情权、参与权、表达权、监督权，用制度化的措施杜绝破坏文物的再次上演。

Some scholars think that,These things,Highlights China cultural heritage protection work of the two big trouble.One is the concept of cultural relics protection engineering problems,Cultural relics repair work that should be strictly followed"At least intervention"and"The cultural relics in their original state"principle.The second is the transparency of administration of cultural relics of the problem,The protection of cultural relics should let more supervision and public participation,Protect the public right to know/participate/Right to express/supervision,With institutional measures to put an end to the damage of cultural relics on again.

　非革命家故居受冷落 The former residence of revolutionary left out

　　名人的标准，是名人故居保护亟待解决的另一个问题。在近日的北京“两会”上，袁世凯、黎元洪的故居要不要保护？成为会议关注的话题。

Celebrity standard,Is the former residence of famous person protection problems to be solved urgently another problem.In Beijing recently"lianghui"on,Yuan shikai/The former residence LiYuanHong want to protect?Become the subject of a meeting.

　　中国民主促进会北京市委员会在“北京市关于北京名人故居保护的几点建议”发言中指出，北京名人故居保护缺乏相关的法律体系，“名人”标准界定、“名人故居”选定等问题，缺乏认定标准、申报程序、认定机制和基本法律地位界定。比如，近代以来重要历史人物故居的保护标准就不一样，著名革命家，如孙中山等的故居保护工作比较到位，非革命家重要人物，如袁世凯、黎元洪等的故居，就得不到有效的保护，甚至处于无保护状态。

China council for the promotion of democracy in Beijing committee"The former residence of celebrities on Beijing to protect some Suggestions"Speech pointed out that,Former residence of Beijing celebrity to protect the lack of relevant legal system,"celebrity"Standard definition/"Former residence of celebrities"Problems such as selected,Lack of determination standards/Declaration procedures/Recognition mechanism and basic legal status definition.Such as,Since modern times important historical figures of the former protection standard is different,Famous revolutionary,Such as sun yat-sen's former residence of protection is in place,The revolutionist important people,Such as yuan shikai/The former LiYuanHong, etc,Won't get effective protection,Even in unprotected state.

　　据了解，北京目前存有元代以来的名人故居1500余处，但绝大多数尚未认定为保护单位。北京市政协委员、北京市文物局局长孔繁峙在北京“两会”上透露，今年北京市将出台有关名人故居保护认定办法的草案，对于哪些是名人故居、该如何保护修缮等都将作出明确规定。这或许将给全国各地的名人故居保护带来一些启发。

It is understood,Beijing currently being since the yuan dynasty of the former residence of celebrities at more than 1500,But the vast majority has not been identified as protection unit.Beijing's political consultative conference (CPPCC)/KongFanShi director of the Beijing municipal bureau of cultural relics in Beijing"lianghui"Disclosed on,Beijing this year will be on the way to protect the former residence of famous person that the draft,For what is the former residence of famous person/How to protect and repair will be defined.Perhaps this will give all over the country to protect the former residence of famous person bring some inspiration.