近日，一位网友在其微博中称，“眼保健操残害中国青少年49年了……做眼保健操无法改善视力，且毫无科学根据。” 一时间，眼保健操成为公众热论的话题。那么——做眼保健操到底有没有用？

recently，A net friend in the micro bo said，“Eye exercises destroying China youth 49 years......Doing eye exercises can't improve vision，And no scientific evidence。” time，Eye exercises to become a public hot topic of theory。So, what do eye exercises is not useful？

　　“揉天应穴，挤按睛明穴，揉四白穴，轮刮眼眶……”这套伴随着舒缓音乐的眼保健操，连同喊节拍的清脆童音，对21世纪很多已逾中年的中国人来说依然亲切、熟悉。

“Knead day should point，Crowded according to the point isn，Knead four white hole，Round eyes...... scrape”The soothing music with the eye exercises，Along with the beat out of TongYin ringing，In the 21 st century has more than a lot of the middle-aged Chinese people still kind、Familiar with。

　　从上世纪60年代末开始，眼保健操从北京开始试行，逐渐向全国学校推广。从那时开始，一阵清脆的下课铃后，学生们开始习惯性地做起了眼保健操。

From the 1960 s，Eye exercises from Beijing began to try out，Gradually the nation to school promotion。Since then，A ringing the bell，The students began to habitually made eye exercises。

　　虽无证明，但有一定益处 Although no proof，But there are certain benefits

　　相关资料显示，眼保健操对缓解眼疲劳、预防近视有一定效果，但并没有专门单独的说眼保健操就是防近视眼的。通过经络穴位的按摩，改善眼部血液循环，使眼睫状肌得到放松，从而达到保护视力的效果，是眼保健操的初衷。

Data suggest，Eye exercises to alleviate eye fatigue、Preventing myopia have certain effect，But no special single said eye exercises is the shortsighted。Through the meridian entry points massage，Improve blood circulation to the eyes，Keep eye subjects to relax，So as to protect vision effect，Is the original intention of eye exercises。

　　“眼保健操是根据祖国医学推拿、经络理论，结合体育医疗综合而成的按摩法。”北京大学第一医院眼科中心副主任李晓清教授在接受科技日报记者采访时表示，无论是“睛明穴”还是“四白穴”都源于中医理论，并不是毫无根据的。“尽管目前没有科学理论、临床试验证明做眼保健操确实能够预防近视，但它对眼睛还应该是有一定益处的。”

“Eye exercises is according to the motherland medicine massage、Channels and collaterals theory，Combined with a comprehensive sports medical massage law。”The first hospital, Beijing university professor, deputy director of the ophthalmic center LiXiaoQing in accept technology daily reporter interviews that，whether“Ming acupuncture point isn”or“Four white hole”From the theory of traditional Chinese medicine，And not unfounded。“Although there is no scientific theory、Clinical trials showed the doing eye exercises can actually prevent myopia，But it should also is to have eyes benefits。”

　　李晓清表示，近视是个多因素的问题，因近视发病率高就认定“眼保健操无用”，实在有失公允。在门诊中，早教提前引发的近视低龄化、对各种视频终端的不当使用诱发近视是眼科专家较为公认的近视发病常见原因。

LiXiaoQing said，Myopia is many factors，For myopic incidence of a disease that work“Eye exercises useless”，Really being unfair。In the clinic，Triggering early childhood of DiLingHua myopia、To all sorts of video terminal of the improper use of induced myopia is an eye specialist more accepted a common cause of myopia。

　　“目前医学上对近视尚缺乏非常有效的治疗手段，正确地做眼保健操，通过有效地按摩眼周穴位，至少能让眼睛得到放松休息，缓解持续视近导致的疲劳。”李晓清表示，由于孩子的学习任务需要依靠近距离用眼才能完成，既然“不得不用眼”，孩子、家长、学校应该一起想办法对某些因素进行微调，从而保证用眼用得科学、用得舒适。首要的一点就是将“持续用眼”变成“间断用眼”。

“On medicine at present is not very effective to myopia of therapy，Correct to do eye exercises，Through effective massage eye week point，At least can let an eye to relax the rest，For ease of nearly led to depending on fatigue。”LiXiaoQing said，Because the child's learning tasks need to rely on close with the eye to complete，Now that“May not need not eye”，children、parents、The school should work together to think of a way to some factors of fine-tuning，In order to ensure that use eye ophthalmic scientific、Comfortable with。The first thing is that the will“Continued with the eye”into“Intermittent use eye”。

　　很多学生并没有认真做操 Many students and not seriously exercises

　　眼保健操在学校的执行情况如何？记者在采访中了解到，绝大多数学校都已开始推行新版眼保健操，不过，学生做眼保健操前基本很难做到先洗手，而高年级学生做眼保健操时间被挤占的情况又时有发生。

Eye exercises in the implementation of the school？Reporter in an interview to understand，Most of the schools are already began to introduce the new eye exercises，but，Students doing eye exercises before it's hard to do basic wash your hands，And the senior and junior students doing eye exercises time was diverted situation and occur frequently。

　　“我们学校每天都要做两次眼保健操，上午一次，下午一次。”小学四年级的梵梵说，但同学们做得并不太认真，有些人甚至是一边睁开眼睛一边做。

“Our school every day to do two eye exercises，One morning，One afternoon。”Primary school grade four brahman brahman said，But students do not too serious，Some people even side while doing opened his eyes。

　　梵梵对记者说，有同学在做“第三节按揉四白穴”的时候，按要求应该是双手食指分别按在两侧穴位上，大拇指压在凹陷处，其余手指自然放松。“可有些同学做这节时，只是在鼻子两边蹭蹭，根本没找到穴位。”

Sri sri told reporters，Have students do in“The third quarter to rub up and four white hole”when，According to the requirements should be hands on two sides separately according to index finger points，The thumb pressure in the dent，The rest of the fingers relaxed。“But some students do this quarter，Just in the nose wipe on both sides，Didn't find the meridians。”

　　至于做眼保健操之前是否会专门洗手，梵梵摇摇头，做眼保健操前，他们大多不会洗手。

As for doing eye exercises is special wash their hands before，Sri sri shook his head，Doing eye exercises before，Most of them won't wash your hands。

　　课业负担重是近视高发原因之一 Heavy schoolwork burden is one reason why high myopia

　　在接受记者采访时，不少老师并不认同“眼保健操无用论”的说法。五年级班主任孙老师表示，不能把学生近视率上升的问题归咎于眼保健操无用上。“现在，学生当中‘小眼镜’这么多，主要跟学生用眼过度有关，孩子每天8小时呆在学校，回家还要做练习，课业负担重自然眼睛容易近视。”

When accepting a reporter to interview，Many teachers do not agree with“Eye exercises useless theory”that。Five year teacher in charge teacher said he，The students can't myopia rate of rise blamed on eye exercises on useless。“now，Students of‘Small glasses’So much，Main with the students about excessively with eyes，The child for 8 hours a day to stay in school，Go home and do exercises，Heavy schoolwork burden natural eyes easy myopia。”

　　调查显示，亚洲人患近视眼率为40%—80%，比西方人高两三倍。

survey，Asian people have myopia rate was 40%, 80%，Two or three times higher than westerners。

　　“亚洲本来就是近视眼的高发区，尤其是中国、日本和韩国，这三个国家的近视率在全世界是排前三位的。而近年来亚洲的近视人数有所上升，目前世界公认的近视眼发病原因包括遗传因素和环境因素两大方面，但是详细病因和发病机理还在不断探索中。”李晓清如是说。

“It is a high incidence of Asia myopia，Especially in China、Japan and South Korea，The three countries in the world of the rate of myopia is the top three。And in recent years the myopia Asia increased，At present in the world recognized as shortsighted reason of disease of genetic and environmental factors include two aspects，But detailed etiology and pathogenesis is still in exploration。”LiXiaoQing said。

　　“现在的生活环境让孩子们的视野变窄了。”李晓清透露，曾有试验研究，将猫、猴子等圈养在一个很小的空间里，一段时间后，发现猫和猴子都变成近视眼了。这说明环境对视力是有一定影响的。

“Now living environment make the children's narrow field of vision。”LiXiaoQing revealed，Had the experimental research，Will cat、Monkeys captive in a small room，After a period of time，Find the cat and the monkey all become near-sighted。This shows that environment on the vision has a certain impact。

　　李晓清强调，现在的应试教育和过早接触电子终端可能是造成孩子近视眼增多的重要因素。“十几个小时连续看书、看电脑电视，会造成眼睛疲劳，再加上现在的孩子户外活动明显偏少、课间活动常常被挤占，等等，这些因素都是导致近视眼发病率激增的原因。”

LiXiaoQing emphasize，Present should try education and premature contact electronic terminals may be causing more important factors of children myopia。“10 for hours reading books、See a computer TV，Can cause eye fatigue，Plus now child outdoor activities distinctness lack、Lesson activities are often occupy，, etc，These factors are the cause of the surge in incidence of myopia。”

　　一小时课外活动很重要 An hour extracurricular activities is very important

　　李晓清认为，预防近视，首先要降低学生们的用眼负担，增加户外活动时间，教室和家中都要有均匀舒适的照明、还孩子们课间休息时间、避免持续疲劳用眼。此外均衡的饮食和每日做做眼保健操，也是有益无害的。 2011年对北京市中小学生近视现况监测数据表明，许多学校放学后坚持让学生“每天一小时课外活动”，对改善学生近视状况很有效。

LiXiaoQing think，Preventing myopia，First to reduce the students with the eyes of the burden，Increase the outdoor activities of time，The classroom and home should have even and comfortable lighting、Also the children of the break、Avoid continued with the eye fatigue。In addition a balanced diet and daily do eye exercises，Is also beneficial harmless。 2011 years of primary and middle school students in Beijing status monitoring data show that myopia，Many schools to let students after school“Hour a day extracurricular activities”，To improve the students' myopia condition is very effective。

　　“学龄儿童近视不仅影响本人学习生活和将来工作，还给家庭和社会带来不小的负担。”李晓清指出，儿童早期视力下降，主要靠家长、托儿所、幼儿园、学校等各方的早期发现、早期治疗。当孩子在看电视或看远处时出现眯眼，或斜转着脑袋看东西时，一般就是出现了视力不良。一旦出现了视力不良，不必急着先去配眼镜，必须去专科医院了解孩子发生视力不良的原因，然后再根据病因进行治疗，或在医生的指导下合理配镜。(李颖)

“School-age children myopia affect not only I learn life and future work，Back to the family and the society brings big burden。”LiXiaoQing points out that，Early childhood vision loss，Mainly by parents、nurseries、kindergarten、The school of all early detection、Early treatment。When the children are watching TV or on distant occurs when the eyes narrowed，Or inclined turn the head when see things，General is the emergence of poor vision。Once appear, the bad vision，Need not anxious to go first glasses，Must go to the specialized subject hospital children understand the cause of the poor vision happened，And then based on the cause for treatment，Or under the direction of a doctor reasonable glasses。(kit-tai)