中新社深圳12月24日电 (记者 郑小红)由中国科学院昆明动物研究所、深圳华大基因研究院等单位合作完成的全球首个山羊全基因组图谱，24日在《自然·生物技术》杂志在线发表。

China news agency shenzhen on December 24, (Reporter ZhengXiaoGong)From the Chinese academy of sciences institute of kunming animals/Shenzhen huada gene research collaboration, and other units of the world's first goat full genome map,24 in[Nature, biological technology]Published online.

　　深圳华大基因副院长、该项目负责人徐讯介绍说，在本研究中，科研人员对一只雌性云南黑山羊进行了全基因组测序。研究人员发现山羊与牛的亲缘关系较近，二者大约在2300万年前分化。此外，山羊基因组中约有44个基因受到正选择，其中7个与免疫相关，这与在牛基因组中是一致的；另外还有3个垂体功能相关的基因发生快速进化，这可能与产奶量、胚胎发育速度以及羊毛变化等相关。

Shenzhen huaqiao university, vice President of the gene/The head of the program - xu said,In this study,Scientific research personnel of a female yunnan native goat for a whole genome sequencing.The researchers found that goats and cattle genetic relationship is close,The differentiation of about 23 million years ago.In addition,Goat genome about 44 gene by are choosing,The seven and immune related,This and the cattle genome is consistent;Another three pituitary function related gene happen fast evolution,This may and milk production/Embryonic development speed and wool change, etc.

　　本研究通过结合第二代测序技术与全基因组酶切图谱技术完成的山羊基因组图谱，为分子标记辅助山羊育种奠定了基础，将促进反刍类的比较基因组学的研究。对绒山羊初级毛囊和次级毛囊转录组的比较分析，将为绒山羊羊绒品质的改良提供新方向。

This research through the combination of the second generation sequencing technology and the whole genome enzyme map technology finished goat genome map,For the molecular marker assisted breeding goats laid a foundation,Will promote ruminant comparative genomics research.The primary and secondary hair follicles to down producing goat hair follicle transcription group of comparative analysis,Will be down producing goat cashmere quality improvement to provide a new direction.

　　他说，本研究采用新一代测序技术(NGS)与全基因组酶切图谱(Whole-genomemapping)技术相结合的方法，成功克服了山羊基因组的组装难题，提供了首个小型反刍动物参考基因组，将有助于进一步研究反刍动物与非反刍动物之间的区别，并为大的复杂基因组的组装工作提供了新思路。

He said,This study used a new generation of sequencing technologies(NGS)And the whole genome enzyme map(Whole - genomemapping)The combined technique of,Successfully overcome the goat genome assembly problem,Provide the first small ruminants reference genome,Will be helpful to further research ruminant and not the difference between ruminants,And for large and complicated genome assembly work provides a new way of thinking.

　　山羊是最早被人类驯化的动物之一。已有证据表明，山羊最早起源于中亚细亚一带的角羊，目前在全球范围内尤其是中国、印度及其他发展中国家被广泛饲养。从人类文明起始，山羊便为人类提供肉、奶、皮、毛等，逐渐成为农业和经济发展的重要支柱。此外，山羊现在还可作为生物医学研究的模型，用于复杂性状的遗传学基础研究。(完)

The goat is the earliest human domestication is one of the animals.Have evidence that,Goats originated from Asia area in the horns of the sheep,At present in the global scope especially in China/India and other developing countries is widely breeding.From the beginning of human civilization,Goats have provided meat and for human/milk/skin/Hair, etc,Agricultural and economic development has become an important pillar.In addition,The goat is still can be used as biomedical research model,For complex character of genetics research.(finish)