今天，记者来到南开大学的国家环境保护城市空气颗粒物污染防治重点实验室采访，见到一位戴着棉质口罩的教师。这是否与正困扰国内多个地区的雾霾天气有关？对此疑问，这位学者解释，戴口罩是因为感冒，与“PM2.5”无关。

today,The reporter comes to nankai university state environmental protection city air particulate pollution control key laboratory of interview,See a wearing cotton masks of teachers.Does this and distress is the domestic many local fog haze weather related?This question,The scholars explain,Wear a face mask because cold,and"PM2.5"Has nothing to do.

　　PM2.5是直径在2.5微米及以下的大气颗粒物，可以入肺，对人体危害很大。这位教师告诉记者，依靠戴口罩防范PM2.5并不现实。

PM2.5 is 2.5 microns in diameter and the following atmospheric particles,Can into the lung,Does great harm to human body.The teacher told reporters,Rely on wear a face mask to prevent PM2.5 is not reality.

　　对于这些科研人员来说，PM2.5不是什么新名词。国家环境保护城市空气颗粒物污染防治重点实验室是国内外知名的以大气颗粒物污染来源解析技术著称的研究机构。南开大学自20世纪80年代起就开展大气颗粒物污染方面的研究，其中就包括PM2.5。

For these for scientific research personnel,PM2.5 is not what process.State environmental protection city air particulate pollution control key laboratory is famous at home and abroad in atmospheric particulate pollution source for analytical technology research institute.Nankai university since the 1980 s to conduct atmospheric particulate pollution research,Including PM2.5.

　　实验室主任、南开大学环境科学与工程学院教授冯银厂说，人们在雾霾天气戴口罩，会有一定的作用，但是不会像一些厂家宣传的那样，起到那么大的作用。

Laboratory chief/Nankai university professor of environmental science and engineering institute FengYin factory said,People in the fog haze weather wear a face mask,There will be a certain role,But not like some manufacturer as propaganda,Have so big of action.

　　连日的雾霾带动了口罩的热销。对于目前热卖的一款“PM2.5口罩”，据商家描述，“对PM2.5级的空气颗粒和细菌的过滤效率大于99%”。

Clouds and fog haze drive the mask of sell like hot cakes.For now the hot one"Pm2.5 mask",According to the businessman describe,"To PM2.5 levels of air particles and bacteria filtration efficiency is more than 99%".

　　但冯银厂说，PM2.5非常细小，一般的口罩对它的作用不会太大，有些专业性的口罩会有效果，但是戴上后，会致人呼吸困难，老人、孩子尤其不适合。他建议人们在雾霾天尽量减少外出和运动。

But FengYin factory said,Very small PM2.5,General mask to its role is not too large,Some professional mask will have effect,But put on the,Will cause difficulty breathing,The old man/Especially not suitable for children.He suggested that people in the fog haze days to reduce as far as possible to go out and movement.

　　冯银厂介绍，该实验室长期跟踪国内几十个城市的空气污染情况，总体来说，这些城市的空气颗粒物污染水平“实际上是下降的”，空气质量是向好的。这些年来，PM10在我国得到了一定的控制，细的颗粒物占总颗粒物的比重逐年上升。

FengYin factory introduced,The lab long-term tracking domestic dozens of city's air pollution,In general,The city's air particulate pollution level"Is actually falling",Air quality is to good.Over the years,PM10 readings - which were taken in our country have a certain control,Fine particles accounted for the proportion of particles is rising year by year.

　　他解释，人们的感官有时与实际情况存在偏差。比如我国公布的数值是质量浓度，而空气的能见度与颗粒物的个数、大小有关系，有可能个数多了、能见度下降，但质量并没增加。

He explained,People's senses sometimes with real situation there is a deviation.Such as China promulgated values are mass concentration,And the air visibility and the number of particles/Size have relationship,The number of possible/Reduced visibility,But quality is not increased.

　　冯银厂以天津市为例说，天津的空气质量趋势总体在变好，氮氧化物变化不明显，二氧化硫、颗粒物都呈下降趋势。

FengYin factory in tianjin for example said,Tianjin air quality trend overall in the better,Nox change is not obvious,so2/Particles has a descending trend.

　　既然颗粒物污染情况向好，为什么这次国内包括北京、天津等地出现了十面“霾”伏的局面？冯银厂说，这次，国内一些地区的PM2.5值达到了难以想象的、空前的高度。主要原因是静稳天气持续时间较长，相对湿度较高，空气流通不畅，污染物难以扩散。从1月8日开始，污染程度逐渐增加，并不是因为排污量加大，而是污染物不断累加的结果。我国北方地区每年冬天都会有这样的天气，但不会持续这么长的时间。

Since the particulate pollution situation is going well,Why the domestic including Beijing/Places such as tianjin appeared ten surface"haze"V situation?FengYin factory said,the,Domestic some areas of PM2.5 value reached unimaginable/Unprecedented height.The main reason is that the static stability weather continues for a long time,Higher relative humidity,Air circulation impeded,Pollutants to diffusion.From 1 August began,Pollution level gradually increase,Not because of increased amount,But the result of continuous accumulation of pollutants.Every winter in north China region will have so of the weather,But won't last so long time.

　　为了应对雾霾天，各地政府出台了限制汽车出行、停产一些工厂等措施。冯银厂说，这些措施都是非常必要的，但在这种天气下，效果不会立竿见影。我国的颗粒物污染属于复合型污染，处于积重难返状态。他以“病来如山倒，病去如抽丝”形容治理难度。

In order to deal with fog haze days,Local governments issued to limit car travel/Some measures such as production factory.FengYin factory said,These measures are very necessary,But in this weather,Does not immediate.Our particulate pollution belongs to compound pollution,In a state of text.he"Disease to fall like a mountain,Disease to reel off raw silk from cocoons"Describe management difficulty.

　　冯银厂建议，各级政府都要充分认识到污染的复杂性、治理的艰巨性、措施的综合性和达标的长期性。对于我国的大气颗粒物污染来说，寄希望于采取一项措施就取得明显效果的时代一去不复返了。我国在上世纪80年代的颗粒物污染主要是煤烟型污染，但现在，颗粒物污染的来源类别越来越多，占来源百分之十几的源类就有燃煤、机动车、城市扬尘等六七种。

FengYin factory advice,The governments at all levels should fully realize the complexity of the pollution/Management difficulty of/Measures of the comprehensive and long-term.For our country's atmospheric particulates for pollution,Hope that take a measures has obvious effect of the era is gone.In the 1980 s in China of particle pollution is mainly MeiYanXing pollution,But now,Particulate pollution source category more and more,Accounted for of the source of more than a dozen source class is coal/Motor vehicle/The dust and so on six seven.

　　“我们每个人都是污染源。最重要的是我们参与进来。”冯银厂对记者强调，发生雾霾天气，“不要一味指责别人，也不要一味指责政府”。政府做的的确还不够，有很多问题急需解决，但也要看到，我国经济高速发展，燃煤量、汽车保有量、水泥使用量、建筑施工面积都增加迅速，如果不是采取了治理措施，“空气早就把我们毒死了”。

"Each one of us is pollution sources.The most important thing is that we participate."FengYin factory to reporters emphasized,Happen fog haze weather,"Don't always blame others,Don't blindly accuse the government".The government do indeed is not enough,Have a lot of problems need to solve,But also want to see,Our country economy high speed development,Coal quantity/Auto possession/Cement usage/Construction area is increasing rapidly,If not taken measures,"We have poisoned by air".

　　这种对有毒空气的恐惧，最近几天随着雾霾天而蔓延。很多人回顾了英国1952年的“伦敦烟雾事件”，据记载，当时4天内4000多人丧生。冯银厂说，我们不能坐视那样的局面出现。

This poisonous air fear,In recent days with fog haze days and spread.A lot of people review the British in 1952"London smog event",According to records,The four days killed more than 4000 people.FengYin factory said,We can't just sit by while that to happen.

　　关于治理问题，冯银厂一再强调公众参与的重要性。他说，大气污染和我们每一个人都有关系。开车的时候遵守交通规则，保持道路畅通，就会减少污染物排放。节约一滴水、一度电，就会减少燃煤污染。“如果全体公众都认识到这个问题，都参与进去的话，我们的空气质量会有明显的改善。”他说，“空气是我们大家的，你逃不了，无处不在。”张国

About the management problems,FengYin factory emphasized the importance of public participation.He said,Air pollution and each one of us has a relationship.When driving obey the traffic rules,Keep the roads,Will reduce pollutant emission.Save a drop of/kilowatt-hour,Will reduce the coal burning pollution."If all the public to recognize the problem,Take part in the word,Our air quality will be improved."He said,"Air is all of us,You can't escape,everywhere."ZhangGuo