食话实说

    Call a spade a spade to eat things

    关于痛风病人不能吃的食物有许多传言，比如“不能同吃啤酒与海鲜”、“不能吃豆制品”、“不能喝火锅汤”、“不能喝甜饮料”等。这些传言，真假如何，痛风病人的饮食到底有哪些禁忌呢？

    There are many rumors about gout patient not to eat food,Such as the"Can't eat with beer and seafood"/"Can't eat soy products"/"Cannot drink hot pot soup"/"Can't drink sweet drinks", etc..These rumours,How true or false,Gout patients diet really? What are the taboos?

    痛风与尿酸密切相关。人体会产生嘌呤，从食物中也会摄入嘌呤，嘌呤代谢产生尿酸，正常情况下尿酸经肾脏从尿液排出。但如果嘌呤过多，产生的尿酸也就会很多。尿酸过多，或排出尿酸的通路不畅，就会在体内蓄积。蓄积到一定浓度，尿酸结晶析出，就会导致痛风。

    Gout is closely related to uric acid.The body produces purines,From food ingestion purine,Purine metabolism produces uric acid,Under normal circumstances from the urine uric acid by the kidneys.But if there is excessive purine,Uric acid will have a lot of.Too much uric acid,Or the discharge of uric acid pathway,Will accumulate in the body.Accumulation to a certain concentration,Uric acid crystallization precipitation,Will lead to gout.

    人们不容易改变体内产生的嘌呤，但可以避免高嘌呤食物来减少尿酸产生。在中国人常见的食物中，动物下水是嘌呤含量最高的种类，比如肝、腰、心、脑、胰脏等。此外，野味、鹅、某些鱼类（比如沙丁鱼、青鱼、三文鱼等）、扇贝等也是这一类。通常一百克这些食物中所含的嘌呤能达到200毫克以上。其次是各种肉，比如猪肉、牛肉、羊肉、水产等，通常每百克含嘌呤在100到200毫克之间。干大豆中也有较多嘌呤，不过做成豆制品后含量并不高，跟燕麦片、西兰花、豌豆、菠菜、青椒、香蕉等蔬菜水果差不多。

    People is not easy to change the body to produce purine,But can avoid high purine diet to reduce the uric acid.In the Chinese common food,Animal is the highest category in the purine content water,Such as the liver/The waist/heart/The brain/The pancreas, etc..In addition,game/The goose/Some species of fish(Such as sardines/herring/Salmon, etc.)/Scallops also this category.Usually one hundred grams of these food contain purine can reach more than 200 mg.Followed by all kinds of meat,Such as pork/beef/mutton/Aquatic products, etc.,Each hectogram usually contain purine between 100 to 200 mg.Dry soybeans also have more purine,But after soy content is not high,With oatmeal/broccoli/peas/spinach/Green peppers/Bananas and other fruits and vegetables.

    酒精和糖虽然不含有嘌呤，但它们会影响尿酸代谢，增加血液中的尿酸含量，所以痛风病人也应该尽量避免。

    Although do not contain alcohol and sugar purines,But they will affect the uric acid metabolism,Increase in blood uric acid levels,So the gout patients also should try to avoid.

    在广泛流传的痛风饮食禁忌中，海鲜与啤酒不管是一起吃还是分开吃，都是高风险因素，类似于“砒霜与敌敌畏不能同吃”；“不能吃豆制品”与科学证据相左，流行病学调查发现，豆制品以及其他嘌呤含量“较高”的蔬菜水果，并没有增加血液中尿酸的含量，有一些调查甚至显示豆制品食用量高的人群中，血液尿酸的含量更低；含糖饮料增加血液尿酸有科学证据支持；通常的火锅汤中会含有较多嘌呤，痛风病人应该避免。

    In the widespread gout diet taboo,Seafood and beer either eat together or separately,Are high risk factors,Similar to the"Arsenic with dichlorvos cannot eat";"Can't eat soy products"With scientific evidence,Epidemiological survey found,Soy products and other purine content"higher"Of fruits and vegetables,No increase in blood uric acid levels,Some surveys show even soy products high consumption crowd,Lower blood uric acid levels;Sugary drinks add blood uric acid have scientific evidence to support;Hot pot soup often contained more purine,Gout patients should be avoided.

    综合以上，痛风病人（或者高尿酸人群）的饮食原则可以简述如下：避免各种动物内脏、脑、野味、某些海鲜和鱼类、啤酒等各种酒精饮料，（虽然不是所有的海鲜和鱼类都含有高嘌呤，但是如果记不清楚，就都避免好了）；控制高糖食物、精米白面、饱和脂肪以及各种肉类；推荐吃粗粮、全谷等、低脂和无脂奶制品、植物蛋白食品、大量的水。（云无心）

    Comprehensive the above,Gout patients(Or high uric acid in the crowd)Can diet principle is briefly as follows:To avoid all kinds of animal's gut/The brain/game/Some seafood and fish/Beer and other alcoholic beverages,(While not all contain high purine of seafood and fish,But if you don't remember clearly,You should better avoid);Control high sugar food/White rice flour/Saturated fat and all kinds of meat;Recommend eating whole grains/Whole grain, etc./Low-fat and nonfat dairy products/Plant protein food/A lot of water.(Cloud not intentional)