8月1日起，卫生部颁布的《医疗机构临床用血管理办法》正式实施。昨天，宁波市卫生界召开“临床合理用血”学术报告会。今后，宁波的医院给病人输血将更加“勒紧裤袋”。

August 1,,，Promulgated by the ministry《Measures for the administration of medical institutions blood for clinical use》Formally implementing。yesterday，Ningbo WeiShengJie held“Rational clinical blood use”Academic report。In the future，Ningbo hospital to a patient will be even more“Tighten down”。

　　在目前血源紧张的大背景下，对于非危重病人，用血前医生可能会建议病人献血，这样病人可以用上自己的血(当然，这个建议不仅仅是因为血源紧张，用自己的血更安全更经济)。假如病人的身体不适合献血，医生可能会建议其亲属献血。假如这两个建议都无法实行，而病人和其亲属又没有献过血，那么在目前的情况下，可能这位病人的用血要求会被往后排一排。

In the current source of tension blood background，For the critically ill patient，Blood use before the doctor may recommend patient blood donation，So the patient can use their own blood(Of course，The proposal not just because the blood source nervous，By his own blood more safe and more economic)。If the patient's body is not suitable for the blood donation，The doctor may recommend the blood relatives。If the two Suggestions are unable to implement，And patients and their relatives and had no offer blood，So in the present circumstances，May the patient blood use requirement will be to back a line。

　　当然，急需用血的危急病人，任何时候都是血源最优先的使用者。

Of course，The critical patients need blood，Any time is the most preferred source of blood users。

《办法》本月实施 医院用血进一步收紧 《way》Implement further tightening hospital blood use this month

　　这两年，国内各大城市陆续遭遇“血荒”，在这样的背景下，卫生部出台了《医疗机构临床用血管理办法》，加强用血管理。

The two years，The major domestic encounter in succession“Blood waste”，In this context，The health ministry issued a《Measures for the administration of medical institutions blood for clinical use》，Strengthen blood use management。

　　宁波市中心血站血源科庄科长说，以前只要是执业医师都有用血权，《办法》将权力收缩到中级以上医师，超过800毫升的用血还需要科主任核准。此外，行政部门要对医疗机构合理用血情况进行排名，违规使用还要进行处罚。

Ningbo center of blood, blood source of zhuang section chief said，As long as a practicing physician before have blood use rights，《way》Power will shrink to intermediate above physicians，More than 800 ml of blood use need approval of director of division。In addition，Administrative departments to reasonable use of medical institutions are ranking，Illegal use also is punished。

　　事实上，因为老龄化导致适龄献血人群减少，同时医疗用血量增加，宁波医院用血面临严峻挑战。在办法实施之前，宁波市已经在加强用血管理。李惠利医院是宁波医院中的用血大户，输血科马科长说，以前医生想用就用，现在要求严了。

In fact，For aging lead to reduce blood donation school-age population，At the same time, the medical YongXieLiang increase，Ningbo hospital blood use is facing serious challenges。In the way before implementation，Ningbo has in strengthening the management of blood。LiHuiLi hospital is ningbo quantity of blood in the hospital，A blood transfusion, Marco long said，Doctors want to use and then use before，Now require strict。

　　“比如一些慢性失血病人，以前血红蛋白7克左右，我们就会给他输，现在要到5点多克，甚至更低才会输，”马科长说。

“Such as some chronic patients blood loss，Before 7 grams hemoglobin，We will give him lose，Now to 5 PM g，Even more low only to lose，”Marco long said。

　　此外，来自宁波市中心血站的统计是，2012年，虽然各家医疗机构手术量上升，但用血量同比下降2.4%。在血站监测的20家医院中，只有两家医院因为规模扩张用血量同比上升，其余医院全部下降。

In addition，Blood stations from ningbo center of statistics is，2012 years，Although houses for medical institutions rise，But YongXieLiang 2.4% year-on-year drop。Blood stations monitoring in the 20 hospitals，Only two hospital because YongXieLiang rise compared to the expansion，The rest of the hospital all down。

　　一些医生告诉记者，随着《办法》的实施，原先就已收紧的临床用血，会收得更紧。

Some doctors told reporters，as《way》Of the implementation of the，Already has tightened the blood for clinical use，Would charge more tight。

非危重病人可能会被建议自体输血 The critically ill patient may be suggested autologous blood transfusion

医生说，用自己的血安全又经济 The doctor said，By his own blood safe and economic

　　对于非危重病人来说，用血前医生可能会建议病人自己献血，这样病人可以用上自己的血。这个建议不仅仅是因为血源紧张，用自己的血更安全更健康。

The critically ill patient for it，Blood use before the doctor may recommend the patient blood donation，So the patient can use their own blood。The proposal not just because the blood source nervous，By his own blood more safe and more healthy。

　　庄科长说，自体输血，就是采集或收集患者自身的血液，经适当保存或处理后再回输给患者，这样就不需要用他人的血液，避免患者在使用他人血液时感染上疾病。在国际上被公认为最安全、经济的输血方式。

Zhuang section chief said，Autologous blood transfusion，Is the collection or collect the patient's own blood，The proper save or treatment to go back to defeat to patients，There is no need to use other people's blood，Avoid use in patients with others when blood infection disease。In international is recognized as the most safe、The economy of the way a blood transfusion。

　　庄科长说，这两年，宁波市自体输血例数大幅上升，全市有近50%的用血医疗机构开展了自体输血，今年上半年自体输血率占总用血量比例为14.6%，在全省最高。

Zhuang section chief said，The two years，Ningbo autologous blood transfusion number have risen sharply，The city has nearly 50% of the medical institutions and the autologous blood transfusions，In the first half of this year of autologous blood transfusion rates to total YongXieLiang rate of 14.6%，In the highest。

　　自体输血花费如何？

How to spend autologous blood transfusion？

　　李惠利医院马科长说，今年上半年医院自体输血比例为26%，大多数采用的是稀释式自体输血法，输血400毫升，成本在70元左右，医保也可以报销。

LiHuiLi hospital Marco long said，In the first half of this year the hospital autologous blood transfusion rate of 26%，Most of the type of autologous blood transfusion is the dilution method，Blood transfusion 400 ml，Cost 70 yuan or so，Medical insurance also can submit an expense account。

非危重病人若不适合自体献血 The critically ill patient if not suitable for autologous blood donation

医生可能会建议亲属献血 A doctor may advise the blood relatives

　　假如非危重病人以前没有献过血，亲属也没有献过血，而病人身体不适合献血，那么医生可能还会建议其亲属去献血。这个专用术语叫“互助献血”。

If not for those who haven't had offered blood，Relatives had offered no blood，And the body is not suitable for the blood donation，Then the doctor could suggest their relatives to donate blood。The term for that“Mutual blood donation”。

　　马科长说，不少病人对互助献血不理解，认为我既然已经付了钱，为何还要再献血？可事实上，血液无法人工制造，有钱并不能解决血源紧张的问题。

Marco long said，Many patients mutual understanding not to donate blood，I think now that it has to pay，Why will the blood donation？But in fact，Blood can't produced artificially，Rich and can't solve the problem of blood source nervous。

　　据悉，今年上半年，互助献血已占到了宁波市采血量的10%。业内人士表示，在血源紧张的情况下，比例可能还会上升。

It is reported，In the first half of this year，Mutual blood donation has accounted for 10% of the blood in ningbo。People in the industry say，In the blood source stress，Proportion is likely to increase。

宁波已检测出艾滋病阳性献血者51例 Ningbo detected positive blood donors 51 cases of AIDS

　　中国有句老话“一滴血，十碗饭”，一些病人因此认为，血液富有营养，输血能让自己更精神，临床上不乏这类要求输“营养血”的病人。对此，医生们表示，受血过多会引起身体不良反应，多次输血后，受血者血液中产生的白细胞抗体或血小板抗体与供血者的白细胞或血小板发生免疫反应，可引起发热，还会降低身体免疫力。

China has a proverb“A drop of blood，Ten bowl of rice”，Some patients so think，Blood rich nutrition，Blood transfusions can let oneself more spirit，This kind of requirement is clinically lose“Nutrition blood”patients。this，Doctors say，Too much can cause the body by blood adverse reactions，Many times after blood transfusion，By the blood in the blood of the white blood cells produce antibody or platelet antibody and donor or white blood cells of the immune response platelet happen，Can cause fever，Also lowers the body immunity。

　　血液安全也是个问题，宁波市自实施无偿献血制度以来，已检测出艾滋病阳性献血者51例，经输血传播疾病的问题日益突出，严重威胁着我们的用血安全。(记者 周皓亮 通讯员 庄立 林柱洲)

Blood safety is also a problem，Since the implementation of ningbo since blood donation system，Already detected from the AIDS positive 51 cases of blood donors，The blood transfusion spread the disease problem increasingly，A serious threat to our safe use。(Reporter ZhouHaoLiang correspondent ZhuangLi LinZhuZhou)