被绑架的互助献血 Kidnapped mutual blood donation

　　24岁的(山东)聊城人刘兆凯从没想到，自己的第一次献血会是“互助”式的。8月7日，正陪同妻子在省立医院看病的他，为了帮助临床一个素不相识的姑娘，伸出了自己的手臂。他感觉这像是用一种条件“交换”血，医生却说了一个他从没听说过的专业词语：互助献血。但在他看来，这种“互助”有了一种被绑架的味道。

24 years old(shandong)Liaocheng people LiuZhaoKai never thought，His first blood donation will be“mutual”Type of。August 7,，Is accompanied his wife in a provincial hospital，In order to help clinical a complete girl，Put out his arm。He felt it was like using a conditions“exchange”blood，The doctor says a he never heard of professional words：Mutual blood donation。But in his view，this“mutual”There is a kidnapped taste。

不得不参与的 “互助” Have to participate in the “mutual”

　　刘兆凯的妻子几乎跟临床的女孩黄文素同一天住院。他得知黄文素有个紧急的手术，血库无法提供全部用血量，需要找人互助献血。

LiuZhaoKai wife almost clinical girl with HuangWenSu hospital the same day。He learned that HuangWen known as an emergency surgery，Blood Banks can't provide all YongXieLiang，Need someone to help each other to donate their blood。

　　黄文素一家人打了上百个电话找人来献血。“实在看不下去了，”刘兆凯说。8日下午，就在黄的家人前去省血液中心献血的时候，他也跟去了，献了400毫升。

HuangWenSu family played hundreds of a phone call somebody to donate。“Can not bear to look at it，”LiuZhaoKai said。8 afternoon，In yellow family blood center of blood donation to the province，He also went with，The offer 400 ml。

　　而今年4月，18岁的济南小伙子黄思楠去献血则是为了自己的母亲。因为母亲查出患有子宫癌，手术需要900毫升血，医生同样告知他需要通过互助献血获得血液。

And in April this year，18 years old, young man HuangSiNan to donate blood is for his mother。Because mother diagnosed with ovarian cancer，Surgery need 900 ml of blood，The doctor also told he needs through mutual blood donation for blood。

　　记者还从医院了解到，有的病人家属实在找不到人互助献血就去血液中心求助那些无偿献血的志愿者。

Reporters also know from the hospital，Some of the patient's family really can't find people help each other to give blood blood center for help those blood donation of the volunteer。

　　有的病人家属，会举着牌子到血站去找献血者，有时候还会给一定报酬。

Some of the patient's family，Will be holding a brand to blood stations to find donors，Sometimes it will give some remuneration。

　　对于互助献血这种方式，许多人报以无奈。来自济南市高新区的市民刘华几天前为了帮助一个朋友的孩子去献过400毫升血，“朋友在电话里都哭了。”他说，他也想万一有一天自己也遇到这种情况呢？所以他还是赶去帮了这个忙。

To help each other blood donation this way，Many people with helpless。Jinan high-tech zone from the citizens of a few days before the sun in order to help a friend's children to offer a 400 ml of blood，“Friends on the phone is crying。”He said，He also wants to one thousand one day oneself also faced this situation？So he was cast to help the busy。

医院输血科成众矢之的 The hospital blood transfusion families into target

　　除了病人和家属外，医院也承担了血荒带来的一些压力，尤其是医院的输血科。

In addition to the patient and family outside，Hospitals also assume the waste from some of the blood pressure，Especially in the hospital, a blood transfusion。

　　张林(化名)是省城一家大医院的输血科主任。张林说，原本输血科作为业务科室，负责的是输血的安全和发放。但最近几年，“要血”成为她的主要工作。“医院每天都要向血液中心要血，但很少有全部供应的时候，比如你要20个单位的红细胞，只给七八个单位的。”

Zhang Lin(aliases)Is the provincial capital of a big hospital of director of division of blood transfusion。Zhang Lin said，Originally a blood transfusion families as business department，Responsible for the safety and release is a blood transfusion。But in recent years，“To blood”Become her main job。“The hospital every day to blood center to blood，But few have the supply of all time，E.g. you have to 20 units of red blood cells，Only seven or eight to the unit。”

　　因此，医院的血库保有量始终处于不饱和状态。“严格控制临床用血，只要科室用血超过10个单位，必须施行报批手续。”她说，而只要用血量超过8个单位的，一般要动员家属互助献血来换取血量。

so，The hospital has blood bank is always in the unsaturated condition。“Strict control blood for clinical use，As long as the department blood use more than 10 units，Have to undergo approval accordingly。”She said，And as long as YongXieLiang more than eight of the unit，In general to mobilize blood donation for mutual family health。

　　患者家属一开始并不能接受这种动员。有外地的患者家属经常跟科室人员哀求通融一下。

Patients with a start and families can't accept this kind of mobilization。Have the field of patients with family members often department personnel cried out to give me a second。

　　也有一些患者家属不理解。有的家属找到办公室，质问为什么医院不给提供血液。

Some patients families don't understand。Some families find office，Ask why the hospital not to provide blood。

　　而另外一家三级医院的输血科主任也面临同样的困境。他说，有时候有些需血量大的科室会找上门来，“有一次有个手术科室的主任打电话要20单位的血浆，我说不够了，他扔下一句话：我不管这些，血浆供不上，病人出了事你负责。”

And the other a level 3 hospital blood transfusion of director of division of facing a similar dilemma。He said，Sometimes some need health department of comes to him，“There is a call to the director of the surgical departments which 20 units of plasma，I say not enough the，He dropped a word：I no matter whether these，Plasma on for not，The accident happened to you be responsible for patients。”

　　血荒让有些大医院的输血科几乎成为众矢之的。在一家大医院的民意测验中，输血科的满意度70%，排名非常靠后，理由是供血不及时。

Let some big hospital waste blood transfusion, almost a target。In a big hospital in the opinion polls，A blood transfusion, 70% of satisfaction，Rankings by very much，Reason is not timely supply of blood。

　　即便如此，输血科还是想尽办法采用互助的方式来缓解血荒。“有时候会跟血站‘打欠条’,说病人急着用，先借上10个单位的，等以后再招募志愿者前去献血补上。”一家三甲医院的输血科主任李强(化名)表示。

Even so，Blood transfusion section, or try to help each other the way to ease blood shortage。“Sometimes with blood stations‘Play ious’,The patient said need it badly，To borrow the last 10 units，After waiting to recruit volunteers up to donate blood。”A 3 armour hospital blood transfusion of director of division of li qiang(aliases)said。

　　一家三级医院的泌尿科曾经遇到一个外地患者，家人没有献够血，科里一位护士帮了忙，去献了400毫升。医院职工来帮忙互助献血，这种情况并不鲜见。

A level 3 hospital urology have ever had a field patients，His family did not offer enough blood，Cory a nurse helped，To offer a 400 ml。Hospital staff to help you help each other to donate their blood，The case is not rare。

　　另外一个输血科主任对此忧心忡忡。他担心如果互助献血这样进行下去，迟早有一天会出大事。

In addition a blood transfusion of director of division of this worrying。He worried that if such mutual blood donation continue，Sooner or later one day will have a great things。

“互助”模式下的恶性循环 “mutual”Models under the vicious circle

　　在有些医院的业务人员看来，互助献血政策虽然是国家提倡的，但实际执行起来带些强迫的色彩。

In some hospitals business personnel opinion，Blood donation is a national policy of mutual though advocates，But the actual execution with some force colour up。

　　当下全国各地互助献血的模式大都雷同。江西省卫生厅2010年8月曾下发文件，要求各级医疗单位“互助献血量不得低于本单位当月用血量的20%”。而据公开报道，根据上海一血站估算，目前互助献血量，占了上海整个供血量的15%。

Then all over the country to donate blood mostly identical mutual model。Jiangxi provincial health bureau in August 2010 has issued a document，Asks various medical units“XianXieLiang mutual may not be less than the 20% of the YongXieLiang unit that month”。And according to publicly reported，According to Shanghai a blood stations estimate，At present XianXieLiang mutual assistance，The whole of Shanghai for health of 15%。

　　根据献血法规定，全国各地都已经为无偿献血者及其配偶、直系亲属制定了免费用血和优先用血的政策，但在互助献血的制度之下，“免费用血”也似乎失效了，走入了尴尬境地。

According to provisions of the act，All over the country have for gratis blood donors and their spouses、Immediate relatives set free use of blood and preferred policy，But in the system of the blood donation under the mutual assistance，“Free blood use”Also seems to be a failure，Walk into the embarrassing position。

　　无偿献血只是解决了以后报销的问题，比如说一个献血者可以免费使用800毫升血，但如果现在的确没血，怎么给他呢？即便以前献过多少也没用，必须再献一次，临时血库里才会有的，这样才能优先供血。

Blood donation is just to solve the problem of the reimbursement after，For example a blood donors can use free 800 ml of blood，But now, if indeed no blood，How to give him?？Even if offered before how many also useless，Must offer a again，Temporary blood garage will have，Such ability priority of blood。

　　这显然打击了无偿献血的积极性。不少输血科负责人表示，这个悖论将无偿献血也绑架了。这成了一个恶性循环，无偿献血不足就导致临床用血不足，临床用血不够就必须采取互助献血来缓解，但是互助献血的形式又让大家觉得对无偿献血不抱信心，所以无偿献血就越是不足，这已经背离了无偿献血的爱心初衷。(记者 郭静 王倩 实习生 朱琳 李钰)

This obviously hit the enthusiasm of blood donation。Many a blood transfusion, officials say，The paradox of blood donation without compensation will also kidnapped。This became a vicious cycle，Blood donation is insufficient to insufficient blood for clinical use，Not enough blood for clinical use must take mutual assistance to ease blood donation，But mutual assistance in the form of blood donation and let everybody felt on the blood donation don't embrace the confidence，So the lack of blood donation without compensation，This is the love of blood donation from the original intention。(Reporter GuoJing wang qian interns LiYu yutao)