帮人喂小孩月收入上万元奶妈生意红火隐患不少 Gang feed the child monthly income of millions of dollars to nurse a thriving business a lot of hidden trouble

　　有偿代哺陷“无约束无标准”尴尬境地 Paid generation feed in“Unconstrained without”Embarrassing position

　　“当奶妈月收入一万多元，早知道这样，我就先当几个月奶妈再上班啊。我的乳汁质量很高，可惜白白倒掉了。”休完产假上班才一个月的公司白领孙女士说，“我小时候也吃过别人的奶，都是无偿的。没想到现在居然有人把这个当职业。”

“When the nurse monthly income of ten thousand yuan，Early know so，I first when several month nurse to go to work。My milk quality is very high，Unfortunately out freely。”Hugh the maternity leave work only one month company white-collar sun said，“When I was a child I also eat other people's milk，Are free。Now he didn't expect someone put this when career。”

　　《法制日报》记者调查发现，在上海，奶妈确有市场需求，但门槛极低，只需提供一张健康证明，奶妈行为的性质难以界定。

《Legal daily》Reporter survey found，In Shanghai，The nurse has the market demand，But a very low threshold，Please provide a health certificate，Nurse the nature of the action of difficult to define。

　　有专家认为，“奶妈现象”背后其实是有偿代哺。目前，我国没有对有偿代哺作限制性的规定，奶妈的行为也不受法律约束。有关行政主管部门应当尽快对这一行为进行定性，并规范管理。

Some experts think the，“Mammy phenomenon”Behind is actually paid generation feed。At present，Our country has no for paid generation feed for restrictive provisions，Mammy's behavior is not legally binding。The relevant administrative departments shall, on this as soon as possible a conduct qualitative，And standardize the management of the。

　上海奶妈很“吃香” Shanghai wet nurse very“popular”

　　记者调查发现，在上海市，奶妈是个很“吃香”的行当。而市民选择奶妈的原因却是五花八门。

Reporter survey found，In the，The nurse is a very“popular”business。And people choose to nurse the reason is multifarious。

　　上海市民张女士的身体原本很好，但生下孩子一个多月后，她隐约觉得自己右侧乳房用手摸有硬块，后经诊断为乳腺炎。医生建议她停止哺乳，张女士只得买奶粉喂宝宝，可是孩子吃完奶粉不到一小时就呕吐，浑身起红斑，还咳嗽。张女士赶紧将孩子送到儿童医院检查，结果是嗜酸性粒细胞比例偏高，属于过敏性体质，不适合吃奶粉。于是，她不得不想办法给孩子找个奶妈。

Shanghai citizens ms. Zhang body was very good，But gave birth to the child after more than a month，She had felt the right breast with the hand have hard block，The diagnosis of mastitis。The doctor advised her to stop nursing，Ms. Zhang had to buy milk powder of feeding the baby，But the child eat milk powder less than an hour to vomit，All over the erythema，Still cough。Ms. Zhang to send their children to a children's hospital inspection，The result is eosinophils proportion is on the high side，Belong to allergic constitution，Don't fit to eat milk powder。so，She had to find a way to give the child find a nurse。

　　说到花高价给孙子请奶妈，曹女士就怪罪儿媳妇。“她要苗条嘛，说喂奶会使体形变化。”曹女士抱怨说，人家是因为没有母乳或者奶水不够，才给孩子买奶粉。我家儿媳妇怀孕8个月时，就能挤出奶来，孩子出生后，她奶水很足。可是她说什么也不给孩子吃，没几天，就“回”掉了。曹女士没办法就委托家政公司给孙子找了奶妈。“一个月一万多元，喂6个月。母乳喂养的孩子免疫力好，不容易生病。孩子健康，是一家人的福气，花多少钱都值。”

Said to spend high price to grandson please nurse，Cao lady will blame daughter-in-law。“She should be slim!，Said nursing can make the shape change。”Cao lady complained，The somebody else because no milk or milk was not enough，To give the child to buy milk powder。My daughter-in-law pregnant 8 months，Can squeeze out milk to，After the child is born，She is very sufficient milk。But she said what also don't give them to eat，A few days，it“Back to”off。Cao woman can't will entrust domestic company to find the son of the nurse。“A month ten thousand multivariate，Hello six months。The breastfed children immunity good，Not likely to get sick。The child health，Is the family's blessing，Spend how many money value。”

　　上海会帮家政的一名工作人员告诉记者，奶妈的兴起也就是最近几年的事。现在人们不太信任奶粉，母乳喂养越来越受到一些新生儿家庭的重视。而很多80后的年轻妈妈又因种种原因不愿哺乳，所以，奶妈就有市场了。在我们这里登记找奶妈的客户，平均每月都有一两名。从今年前6个月的情况看，奶妈的市场需求在进一步扩大，半年的业务量已跟去年全年的数量相当。在薪资方面，因为奶妈供不应求，价格一路走高，最高月薪已经到了12000元。

Shanghai will help domestic of a staff member told reporters，The rise of the nurse is the recent years。Now people don't trust milk powder，Breastfeeding more and more get the attention of some neonatal family。And many after 80 young mother and because of a variety of reasons would not lactation，so，The nurse has the market。In our register here to find the nurse customers，The average monthly all have one or two。From years ago, six months of case，Mammy market demand in the further，Half a year's portfolio already with the number of last year is quite。In the salary in，Because the nurse demand exceeds supply，High prices go all the way，The highest monthly salary has reached 12000 yuan。

　奶妈服务存安全隐患 The nurse service deposit safety hidden trouble

　　奶妈小王给陈女士家的孩子喂了6个月的奶，离开陈家两个月之后，在一次求职体检中被查出感染乙肝病毒，被招聘单位拒绝。陈女士得知此事后，十分紧张，当天就带孩子去医院抽血化验，所幸孩子“两对半”指标未见异常。医生建议“随访”，并告诉陈女士，乙肝病毒有一定的潜伏期。陈女士很气愤，找到小王并斥责她。小王争辩说，她到陈家时提供了健康证明，身体很好。现在患了乙肝，也有可能是在陈家被传染的。合同条款没有要求陈家所有人提供健康证明，对她来说，是不公平的。

The nurse wang to ms. Chen's child fed six months of milk，Leave the two months later，In a job in the physical examination was found infected with hepatitis b virus，Be recruitment unit refused。Ms. Chen after know this matter，Very nervous，The day brought the child to the hospital exsanguinate assay，Fortunately, the child“Two half-and-half”Index did not see anomaly。The doctor advised“follow-up”，And tell ms. Chen，Second liver virus have certain incubation period。Ms. Chen very angry，Find wang and scolded her。Wang argued that，Her to ChenGuShi provides a health certificate，Body is very good。Now had hepatitis b，It is also possible that in the infected。The terms of the contract does not require all the provides a health certificate，For her，Is not fair。

　　尽管类似纠纷并不多见，但一项调查显示，年轻妈妈对奶妈最放心不下的3件事是：健康问题、乳汁质量问题以及孩子安全问题。

Although similar dispute does not see more，But a survey，The young mother to nurse the most be upset 3 thing is：Health problems、Milk quality problem and child safety problems。

　　原上海第一妇婴保健院院长、妇婴保健专家叶锦云认为，奶妈服务存在安全隐患，是否做过疾病筛查不得而知。即便上岗前提供了健康证明，但哺乳期少则两三个月，多则半年，这一时期母乳提供者的健康状态是动态的，身体情况不断变化，很难做到实时监控。一旦感染病毒而影响乳汁的质量，对孩子来说，可能会危害身体健康和发育。

The original Shanghai the first penetration in the health care center、Penetration in the health care professionals YeJinYun think，The nurse service unsafe，Is disease screening unknown。Even before mount guard provides a health certificate，But less lactation are two or three months，, half a year，This period breast milk provider state of health is dynamic，Body circumstance changing，It is difficult to do real-time monitoring。Once infected and affect the quality of the milk，In the child,，May harm the body health and development。

　缺乏相关法规监管难 The lack of relevant regulation difficult

　　“前几年，上海家政行业就曾讨论过职业奶妈的可行性。”上海家政行业协会副会长周珏珉表示，但行业协会发现，从法律、行业规章、健康标准、专业培训和道德要素等角度来考虑，其职业化有着许多难以跨越的障碍。“国家并没有奶妈职业化的相关法律规定，协会也很难制定一套可供执行的行业规章。是否需要身高标准、学历要求、如何培训？都相当困难。对于奶水是否充足这种事情，要制定出行业规章几乎不可能”。

“Before a few years，Shanghai domestic industry was discussed the feasibility of professional nurse。”Shanghai domestic industry vice chairman of the association ZhouJue precious said，But industry association found，From the legal、Industry regulations、Health standard、Professional training and moral elements of the Angle to consider，The professional has many difficult to cross the barrier。“The country was not nurse professional related laws and regulations，Association is difficult to make a set of rules for implementation of the industry。Do you need height standard、Degree required、How to training？Are quite difficult。For milk enough this kind of thing，Want to develop industry regulations is almost impossible”。

　　周珏珉说，就算抛开行业标准不谈，健康标准也是影响奶妈职业的重要原因。母乳可能会存在变质、携带细菌等问题，奶妈本身的健康状况也需要严格检测，但就目前而言，既无法确立完善的检测流程和项目，也难以找到能够胜任的检测机构。

ZhouJue precious said，Even if cast industry standard not to talk，Health standard is also influence nurse professional important reason。Breast milk there may be metamorphism、Problems such as with bacteria，Mammy itself health also need strict detection，But for the moment，Neither to establish perfect testing process and project，Also it is difficult to find competent testing institutions。

　　“奶妈只是一种通俗的说法，准确地说，这是一种有偿代哺行为。目前我们还不能给这一市场行为定性，因为我们根本没有标准可供执行，毕竟这个事情到现在还比较‘小众’。”上海律师余同昊说，母乳不是人体器官，只是哺乳期妇女身体产生的一种分泌物，对人体分泌物的交易我国现行法律并没有限制性的规定。作为一种社会现象，现在还没有相关法律法规对其进行规范和管理。为保护接受哺乳的婴幼儿和进行哺乳的奶妈的生命健康，有关行政主管部门应当尽快对这一行为进行定性。如果允许其作为一种服务经营，则应尽快确立一个市场准入标准和质量标准及经营规则，对其进行规范管理。(记者 刘建)

“The nurse is a popular saying，accurately，This is a kind of compensation for generation of feed behavior。At present, we can't give this market behavior qualitative，Because we have no standard for execution，After all the things to now is still relatively‘The small’。”Shanghai more than a lawyer with ho says，Breast milk is not human organs，Only women in lactation body produces a kind of secretion，To human body secretions trading of existing laws in China is not restrictive provisions。As a kind of social phenomenon，There is no relevant laws and regulations of the standards and management。For the protection of accept Suckling baby and Suckling nurse the life and health，The relevant administrative departments shall, on this as soon as possible a conduct qualitative。If allowed to it as a service business，It should be established as soon as possible a market access standard and quality standards and management rules，The standardized management。(Reporter liu)