病有所医，是中国人千百年来的梦想。10年来，我国编织起世界上最大的全民医保网，城乡居民看病告别“自费时代”。

BingYouSuoYi，Is Chinese one thousand years to dream。Ten years，Our country woven on the world's largest universal coverage network，The doctor say goodbye to urban and rural residents“At one's own expense age”。

　　医疗保障制度设计是世界公认的民生难题，也是社会政策的“珠穆朗玛峰”。作为世界人口第一大国，中国仅用10年时间，就实现了全民基本医保，被国际社会誉为“中国速度”。截至目前，全国参加基本医保的人数超过13亿，基本医保覆盖率超过95%。

Medical security system design is the world recognized the livelihood of the people problem，Also is the social policy“Mount Everest”。As the world's most populous nation，China in only 10 years time，Realized the basic medical insurance，As the international society“China's speed”。So far，The basic medical insurance to more than 1.3 billion，The basic medical insurance coverage of more than 95%。

　　卫生部统计数据表明，我国个人卫生支出占卫生总费用的比重，已由2001年的60%下降到2011年的35%。这说明，政府医疗卫生支出大幅增加，群众看病负担相对减轻，医疗卫生服务的公平性显著改善。

The ministry of health statistics show，Our country personal health spending accounts for the proportion of total health expenses，Already from 2001 years of 60% to 35% in 2011。This shows，The government health expenditure increase，People see a doctor burden relative ease，Medical and health service fairness significant improvement。

　　2009年4月6日，《中共中央国务院关于深化医药卫生体制改革的意见》正式公布，一场惠及全民的新医改拉开序幕。3年来，我国坚持把基本医疗卫生制度作为公共产品向全民提供的基本理念，坚持保基本、强基层、建机制的基本原则，坚持统筹安排、突出重点、循序推进的基本路径，着力建设覆盖城乡居民的基本医疗卫生制度，探索医改这一世界性难题的中国式解决办法。

April 6, 2009，《The central committee of the communist party the state council on deepening the reform of medical care system opinion》Officially announced，A benefit of the new medical reform began。Three years，China has adhered to the basic medical and health system, as public products to provide the basic concept，Adhere to the basic、Strong base、The basic principle of building mechanism，Adhere to the overall arrangement、Highlight the key、In advance of the basic path，Focus on the construction of the covering both urban and rural residents basic medical and health system，To explore the worldwide reform of Chinese problem solution。

　　世界卫生组织认为，中国卫生体系朝着正确的方向前进。世界著名医学杂志《柳叶刀》评价，中国医改的目标和总体战略是值得效仿的，中国在为全民提供平价且公平的基本医疗服务方面已经取得了巨大成就。

The world health organization says，Chinese health system in the right direction。The world famous medical journal《The lancet》evaluation，The goal of China's reform and the overall strategy is worthy of emulation，In China for the national provide parity and fair basic medical service has made great achievement。

　　

基本医疗保障惠及13亿人 Basic medical insurance benefit 1.3 billion people

　　3年前，家住四川省中江县太安镇保安村的小学四年级学生蒋浩，患上急性淋巴细胞白血病。他先后在华西第二医院住院治疗18次，医疗费达11万余元。为了治病，父亲蒋雄军几乎借遍了亲友的钱。2010年，四川省将儿童白血病纳入大病保障范围，新农合为蒋浩报销了8.14万元，民政部门又给了1万多元救助，家里的经济负担一下减轻了。“像这样的大病，如果没有政府撑着，我们这个家早就垮了，根本没法医治娃娃……”蒋雄军激动地说。

Three years ago，Sichuan province in ZhongJiangXian taian town security village primary school grade four students JiangHao，Suffering from acute lymphocytic leukemia。He successively in west China the second hospital treatment 18 times，Medical treatment cost of more than 110000 yuan。In order to cure，Father JiangXiongJun by relatives and friends almost all over the money。In 2010,，The province will leukemia in children included in the scope of protection of a serious illness，New farmers together for JiangHao submit an expense account for 81400 yuan，Civil affairs departments gave 10000 yuan rescue，Home economic burden the reduced。“Such a serious illness，If no government supporting，Our family would have collapsed，Couldn't heal doll...”JiangXiongJun said excitedly。

　　中国是一个农业人口大国。10年前，看病报销只是少数人的“福利”，8亿农民和城镇居民基本没有医疗保障。“得了阑尾炎，白种一年田；救护车一响，一头猪白养。”这句民谣真实地反映了农民看不起病的状况。据2003年第三次国家卫生服务调查显示，全国有45.8%的患病农民应就诊而未就诊，30.3%的患病农民应住院而未住院，其主要原因是经济困难。

China is a big agricultural population。Ten years ago，The doctor to submit an expense account only minority“welfare”，800 million farmers and urban residents in the basic no medical security。“Got appendicitis，White one year field；The ambulance rang，A pig a white。”This sentence folk a true reflection of the farmers' look down on the status of the disease。According to 2003 the third national health services survey，The national 45.8% of sick farmers should see a doctor and did not see a doctor，30.3% of the sick farmers should be in hospital but not in hospital，The main reason is that the economy is difficult。

　　2002年10月，中共中央、国务院决定，逐步建立新型农村合作医疗制度。2003年，新农合制度试点在全国陆续展开。2008年，新农合制度覆盖超过8亿人。到2011年底，全国参加新农合的人口达到8.32亿，参合率达到97%，农民彻底告别了“小病拖、大病扛”的历史。

In October 2002，The central committee of the communist party、The state council has decided to，Gradually establish a new type of rural cooperative medical system。In 2003,，New farmers joint system in the national pilot has been spread out。In 2008,，New farmers joint system covering more than 800 million people。By the end of 2011，In the new agriculture joint of the population reached 832 million，Ginseng add up to 97%，Said goodbye to the farmers thoroughly“Ailment pulls、Carried a serious illness”history。

　　新农合制度的一大特点是政府承担主要筹资责任。2003年，各级政府对新农合的补助标准为每人每年20元，农民个人缴纳10元，人均筹资标准为30元。到2012年，各级政府对新农合的补助标准提高到每人每年240元，农民个人缴纳50元，人均筹资标准达到290元。2011年，新农合政策范围内住院医药费用补偿比例达到70%，农民住院实际报销比例超过50%。

The new agriculture system together a great characteristic is the government responsibility for major financing。In 2003,，Governments at all levels to the new agriculture, subsidies standards for 20 yuan per person per year，Individual farmers pay 10 yuan，Per capita financing standard is 30 yuan。By 2012，Governments at all levels to the new agriculture, subsidies standards increased to 240 yuan per person per year，Individual farmers pay 50 yuan，Per capita financing standard reached 290 yuan。In 2011,，New farmers joint policy in hospital medical expenses within the scope of compensation ratio reached 70%，Farmers hospital actual reimbursement ratio of more than 50%。

　　从2010年开始，我国启动农村儿童先天性心脏病、急性白血病等重大疾病医疗保障试点工作。2011年，尿毒症等6类新增疾病纳入重大疾病保障试点。2012年，肺癌等12类大病纳入保障和救助试点。截至2011年底，全国有超过23万重大疾病患者受益，其中有近3万名先心病患儿康复。

Begin from 2010，Our country start rural children congenital heart disease、Acute leukemia and other major disease medical security pilot work。In 2011,，Uremia and six kinds of new disease into the major disease security pilot。In 2012,，Lung cancer etc 12 class into a serious illness protection and rescue pilot。By the end of 2011，The national more than 230000 major disease patients benefit from，There are nearly 30000 children with congenital heart disease rehabilitation。

　　10年来，以城镇职工基本医保、城镇居民基本医保、新型农村合作医疗为主体的全民基本医保制度体系初步形成。目前，全国参加三项基本医保的人数超过13亿，全民基本医保惠及95%以上的人口。

Ten years，With the urban employee basic medical insurance、Urban resident basic medical insurance、The new rural cooperative medical treatment as the main body of the basic medical insurance system preliminary formation。At present，The three basic health care to more than 1.3 billion，The basic medical insurance benefit more than 95% of the population。

　　外国媒体评论称，中国的医疗保险就数量而言，堪称人类有史以来最大的社会福利计划。

Foreign media commentary，China's health care insurance is for the number，Human is the biggest social welfare programs。

　　

基本药物制度覆盖乡村 Essential drugs system covering rural

　　近日，安徽省芜湖县陶辛镇陶辛村村民张翠英到村卫生室看病。她患有慢性胃炎，经常腹痛。医生给她开了1盒枸橼酸铋钾片、1盒多潘立酮分散片、两盒阿莫西林分散片，药费共28.8元，门诊报销50%，自付14.4元。张翠英说：“过去镇里的药店很多，现在很多都关门了，因为村卫生室的药品销售不加价，有的药甚至比药店便宜一半多。”

recently，WuHuXian TaoXin town in anhui province TaoXin ZhangCuiYing village to village clinic doctor。She was suffering from chronic gastritis，Often abdominal pain。The doctor gave her a box of bismuth potassium citrate tablet、1 box, PanLi ketone dispersible tablet、Two boxes of amoxicillin dispersible tablet，Medicine a total of 28.8 yuan，Outpatient service to submit an expense account 50%，Since the pay $14.4。ZhangCuiYing said：“In the past the town pharmacy many，Now many were closed，Because the village clinic drug sales tariffs，Some even more than medicine pharmacy cheap more than half。”

　　据悉，芜湖县118个镇级和村级医疗机构全部配备了基本药物，实行零差率销售。安徽省的基本药物目录共有584种，通过全省统一招标采购，药品销售价格大幅降低，平均降幅达37.2%。

It is reported，WuHuXian 118 ZhenJi and village-level medical institutions all equipped with basic drugs，A zero rate sales。The basic drug catalogue in anhui province 584 species，Through the province unified bidding procurement，Drug sales price greatly reduced，The average was up to 37.2%。

　　建立国家基本药物制度，是一项重大制度创新。2009年8月，国家基本药物制度正式启动，共遴选出307种国家基本药物，各省平均增补210种。到2011年7月底，基本药物零差率销售在政府举办的基层医疗卫生机构全面覆盖。

The establishment of a national system for basic drugs，Is a important system innovation。In August 2009，National system for basic drugs official start，A total of 307 kinds of selected national essential drugs，An average of 210 provinces supplement。By 2011 the end of July，Essential drugs zero rate sales in the government at the grassroots medical and health institutions universal coverage。

　　国务院医改办主任孙志刚说，国家基本药物制度建立后，按照新办法实施招标采购和取消药品加成，基层医疗机构药物价格平均下降30%左右，药价虚高现象得到有效遏制，门诊费、住院费相应降低。国家基本药物制度切断了“以药补医”的利益链条，推动了基层医疗卫生机构综合改革，维护了公共医疗卫生的公益性。

Cure of the state council SunZhiGang do director said，After the establishment of the national system for basic drugs，According to the new way to implement bidding procurement and cancel the drug addition，Basic medical institutions drug price average fell about 30%，Prices virtual high phenomenon contained effectively，MenZhenFei、Hospitalization expenses reduced。National system for basic drugs cut off“In medicine for medical”Interests chain，Promote the basic medical and health institutions comprehensive reform，To maintain the health of the public welfare。

　　

基本医疗服务体系“强筋健骨” A system of basic medical services“Strong gluten JianGu”

　　2001年，贵州省从江县雍里乡大塘村没有卫生室，村民看病都要翻山越岭。李春燕嫁到大塘村后，自办了第一个村卫生室，但由于资金困难，药品和设备都很短缺。2009年后，县政府不仅拨了专项经费，还配置了基本设备和药物，村卫生室面貌一新，村民有病再也不犯愁了。

In 2001,，Guizhou CongJiangXian harmony inside country DaTang village no clinic，The villagers see a doctor will up hill and down dale。LiChunYan marry to DaTang after village，Self the first village clinic，But because of financial difficulty，Drug and equipment are shortage。2009 years later，The county government not only dial the the special funds，It is also equipped with the basic equipment and drug，Village clinic with a new look，The villagers ill never anxious。

　　大塘村的变化，是我国加强基层医疗卫生服务体系建设的一个缩影。3年来，中央投资430亿元，支持了2233所县级医院、6200多所中心乡镇卫生院、2.5万多所村卫生室的建设，投入160多亿元用于县乡村三级医疗卫生机构设备购置，重点投向中西部地区和边远地区的农村。在城市，中央投入41.5亿元，支持了2382所社区卫生服务中心的建设。

The change of DaTang village，Is our country strengthen basic medical and health service system construction of a miniature。Three years，The central investment of 43 billion yuan，Support for the 2233 hospital at or above the county level、More than 6200 center township health center、More than 25000 village clinic construction，Invested more than 160 yuan in county rural tertiary medical and health institutions equipment acquisition，Key to the Midwest and remote areas of rural。In the city，The central investment 4.15 billion yuan，Support for the 2382 community health service center construction。

　　这是新中国历史上基层医疗卫生服务体系投入最多、建设规模最大、条件改善最明显的时期。10年来，我国基本医疗和公共卫生服务体系由“弱不禁风”到“强筋健骨”，基本实现了村村有卫生室、乡乡有卫生院、每个县都有达标县级医院。

This is the new China's history basic medical and health services system into the most、Construction scale biggest、Conditions to improve the most obvious period。Ten years，In the basic medical and public health service system by“fragile”to“Strong gluten JianGu”，Basically achieved the village have clinic、Should have health center、Every county has the hospital at or above the county level。

　　硬件是基础，软件是根本。我国实行基础设施建设和人才队伍建设两手抓，加快医师队伍培养。统计资料显示，2001年末，全国每千人口医师数为1.32人；到2011年末，每千人口执业(助理)医师上升到1.85人。从2010年开始，国家连续3年在高等医学院校为中西部地区免费培养医学生，这些学生毕业后定向到中西部地区农村基层医疗卫生机构工作。

Hardware is the foundation，Software is fundamental。Our country executes infrastructure construction and the talented person troop construction principle，To speed up the physician team training。Statistics show that，By the end of 2001，The national per thousand population number of physicians for 1.32；To the end of 2011，Per thousand population practice(assistant)Doctors who rose to 1.85。Begin from 2010，State three consecutive years in higher medical colleges and universities as the central and western region free training medical students，These students after school orientation to the Midwest rural grassroots medical and health institutions work。

　　全科医生是居民健康和医疗费用的“守门人”。医改3年，我国启动了全科医生培养基地建设专项规划，首批支持127个基地建设，3.6万名基层医疗机构人员进行了全科医生转岗培训。

General practitioners is residents health and medical expenses“porter”。Cure 3 years，Our country started the general practitioners training base construction of special planning，The first support 127 base construction，36000 grassroots medical institutions workers in general practitioners job-transfer training。

　　公立医院是我国医疗卫生服务体系的主体。其中，县级医院覆盖9亿多人口，是连接城市大医院和基层医疗卫生机构的桥梁，也是解决群众看病难、看病贵的关键一环。2012年，全国18个省份311个县(市)公立医院改革试点全面启动，中央财政按每县(市)300万元的标准安排补助资金。

Public hospitals in our country is the main body of the medical and health service system。the，The hospital at or above the county level shall cover more than 900 million population，Is connecting the city big hospitals and basic medical and health institutions of the bridge，Also solve the difficult to see a doctor、The doctor expensive a key ring。In 2012,，The national 18 provinces 311 counties(city)Trial reform of public hospitals in full swing，The central government in every county(city)The standard of 3 million yuan in arrangement subsidy funds。

　　城市公立医院改革是社会关注的焦点，也是医改的重要风向标。目前，全国2000多家城市公立医院改革试点稳步推进。北京市积极探索公立医院管办分开、医药分开的有效形式。2012年7月1日，北京友谊医院改革试点启动，1500余种药品全面取消药品加成，同时推出医事服务费，提高医疗技术价值。一个月后，次均医疗费用由450元下降到380元，次均药费降幅达30%以上。患者负担减轻，医院收益增加，实现了医患双赢。

Urban public hospital reform is the focus of social concern，Reform is also the important vane。At present，The national more than 2000 home city trial reform of public hospitals steadily。Beijing actively explore public hospital tube to separate、Medicine separate effective form。On July 1, 2012，Beijing friendship hospital reform pilot start，More than 1500 kinds of drug elimination drug addition，At the same time introduced medical service charge，To improve medical technology value。After a month，Second all medical expenses from 450 yuan ($380) to yuan，Second all expenses for medicine by more than 30%。Patients burden，Hospital income increase，Realize the win-win between。

　　医改是一项重大民生工程，关系全体国民的健康福祉。10年来，我国朝着人人享有基本医疗卫生服务的目标坚实迈进，初步建立了中国特色的基本医疗卫生制度框架，交出了一份破解世界性难题的“中国答卷”。

Reform is a significant livelihood of the people project，The relationship between the national health welfare。Ten years，Our country toward everyone will have access to basic medical and health services towards the goal of solid，Preliminary established China's characteristics of basic medical and health system framework，Hand over a cracked worldwide problems“Chinese writing papers”。