购买感冒药也要拿身份证了。连日来，全国多地纷纷出台规定要求对感冒药进行实名制购买，其目的是为了防止不法分子用于提取毒品。

Buy cold medicine also take id card.For the last few days,The more requirements are issued to buy cold medicine for the system,Its purpose is to prevent lawless elements used for extraction of drugs.

　　随着购买感冒药实名制的普及和扩大，这一举措也引起社会广泛关注。如何对与老百姓生活密切相关的药品进行合理管理，依然是一个值得深入探讨的问题。

Along with the popularization of cold medicine purchase system and expand,The measure also cause social attention widely.How to common people life and closely related to drug reasonable management,Is still a problem that is worth discussing.

　　从感冒药提取制毒原料很简单 Cold medicine extraction from such raw material is very simple

　　北京市药监局紧急下发通知，即日起市民须凭身份证购买含麻黄碱类复方制剂。北京市药监局还明确指出，对导致药品类易制毒化学品或含麻黄碱类复方制剂流入非法渠道的药品生产、批发企业，一律吊销《药品生产许可证》或《药品经营许可证》。

Beijing's drug watchdog emergency issued a notice,Now on citizens must by id to buy contain ephedrine kind of compound preparation.Beijing's drug watchdog also explicitly pointed out,To lead to drug class precursor chemicals or contain ephedrine kind of compound preparation into illegal channels of pharmaceutical production/Wholesale enterprise,Will be revoked[Pharmaceutical production license]or[Pharmaceutical trading license].

　　浙江公安厅也发布通知，要求自9月10日起，浙江省内药品零售企业在销售含麻黄碱类复方制剂时要登记购买人姓名、住址、数量等信息，并规定非处方药一次销售不得超过5盒。

Zhejiang provincial public security also published a notice,Requirements since September 10,Zhejiang province drug retail enterprises in the sales contain ephedrine kind of compound preparation to register the name of the purchaser/address/Number information,And regulations otc drug a sale may not exceed 5 boxes.

　　记者还获悉，山东、重庆等省市购买感冒药也将实行实名制。

Reporters also learned that,shandong/Chongqing and other provinces and cities to buy cold medicine will also implement the system.

　　在很多人印象中，感冒药和毒品似乎“相距甚远”，但在现实生活中，类似的犯罪案件屡有发生。

In many people the impression,The cold and drug seems to be"peak-oilers",But in real life,Similar crimes to sometimes occur.

　　根据国家食品药品监督管理局的通报，江苏、浙江、山东等省相继发生利用麻黄碱制毒的案例。

According to the state food and drug supervision and administration of the bulletin,jiangsu/zhejiang/Shandong provinces ensued ephedrine use such cases.

　　今年4月，山东省聊城市公安局东昌府分局侦破了一起特大制贩毒品案件，涉案的5个团伙中有2个制毒团伙利用新康泰克感冒胶囊制造出60余克冰毒。

In April this year,Liaocheng city in shandong province public security bureau dongchang fu substation uncovered a large together launched drug cases,The involved five suspects are two such gang use new health maytag cold capsule produce more than 60 grams of methamphetamine.

　　记者从办案机关工作人员获悉，新康泰克胶囊又名复方盐酸伪麻黄碱缓释胶囊，里面含有的盐酸伪麻黄碱经过加工能提炼出麻黄素，又名麻黄碱，而麻黄素是合成苯丙胺类毒品，也就是制作冰毒最主要的原料。因为国家对麻黄素等制毒原料管理十分严格，有些不法分子就将目光瞄准了含有麻黄碱的复方药品。新康泰克中盐酸伪麻黄碱成分本是用来收缩上呼吸道毛细血管，消除鼻咽部黏膜充血，可以缓解感冒鼻塞症状，是国家许可的非处方类感冒药，并非毒品，也不会致人成瘾。总体而言，大部分感冒药中都含有麻黄碱成分，不仅新康泰克，像白加黑、泰诺、日夜百服咛都有。

Reporters from handling functionaries learn,The new health maytag capsule and name compound pseudoephedrine hydrochloride sustained-release capsules,Contains of pseudoephedrine hydrochloride after processing can refine out of ephedrine,Name and ephedrine,And ephedrine is synthetic BenBingAnLei drugs,Also is the main raw material made of methamphetamine.Because the country of ephedrine etc manufacturing raw material management is very strict,Some illegal molecules are aiming to the ephedrine containing the compound drugs.Maytag is the new health of pseudoephedrine hydrochloride composition this is used to shrink the upper respiratory tract capillaries,Eliminate nose pharynx mucosa congestion,Can alleviate cold n&v snuffle symptom,Is the national license over-the-counter kind of cold medicine,Not drugs,Also won't cause addiction.In general,In most cold medicines contain ephedrine composition,Maytag is not only the new health,Like white and black/tylenol/Day and night air, the clothing has.

　　记者通过北京大学医学院的一位研究人员了解到，从感冒药提取麻黄碱的过程也并不复杂，只要略懂化学，利用一些常见的设备便可完成。

Reporter through the Beijing university school of medicine researchers to understand a,From the process of cold medicine extraction ephedrine not complex also,As long as know little about the chemical,Use some common equipment can be completed.

　　“过去曾经有媒体曝光，发现有些地方青少年吸毒非常严重，这是因为止咳药水大量销售给青少年，一瓶一瓶地喝，不经过提炼就有吸毒的效果，实际上是一种变相地吸毒。”卫生法专家卓小勤说，因此，对可以从中提炼毒品的感冒药品实行严格管理是完全有必要的。

"In the past there have been media exposure,Find some places of drug abuse by teenagers are very serious,This is because cough mixture a large number of sales to teenagers,A bottle of bottle of drink,Not after refining has the effect of the drug,In fact is a disguised to drugs."Health law experts ZhuoXiaoQin said,therefore,From drug to refine the cold medicine to the strict management is completely necessary.

　　实名制能否真正管好感冒药 The system can truly mind cold medicine

　　在北京市药监局下发相关通知之后，记者随机走访了几家药房，工作人员均表示，已严格有关部门规定执行，购买所有含麻黄碱的药品，要求登记购买者的身份证、姓名、药品名称、数量等信息，一次性购买最多不超过5盒。

In Beijing's drug watchdog issued after the relevant notice,Reporter random visited several pharmacy,Working staff said,Relevant departments have strict regulations,Buy all contain ephedrine drug,Require registration buyers id card/name/Drug name/Number information,One-time purchase at most 5 boxes.

　　然而，也有一些人对感冒药实名制并不“感冒”。

however,There are also some of the system is not cold"cold".

　　一位市民就向记者抱怨：“感冒发烧是每个人都会遇见的疾病，购买感冒药实名制给人们生活平添了几分麻烦，但是对于真正的有心大量购买感冒药的不法分子，能起到多大的限制作用，真是不好说。”

A citizen is complained to the journalists about:"The cold has a fever is everyone will meet disease,Buy cold medicine system give people life smooth added a few minutes of trouble,But for true to buy large cold medicines outlaws,How can have the limitation of action,Is really bad to say."

　　“任何一个政策的出台都不是十全十美的，不可能做到面面俱到，总要付出一些代价。这个政策的出台可能会给普通的患者带来一些麻烦，但是如果能有效地控制毒品的泛滥，那也是值得的。如果牺牲一些公民买药上的方便，得到毒品控制方面的进步，我认为这个代价是值得的，也是合理的。”卓小勤说。

"Any policy appearing are not perfect,Trying to be impossible,Always have to pay some price.This policy come on stage may give ordinary patients bring some trouble,But if can effectively control the spread of drugs,It is worth it.If sacrifice some citizens buy medicine on convenience,Get the progress of drug control,I think the price is worth it,Is also reasonable."ZhuoXiaoQin said.

　　毫无疑问，对于不法分子来说，即使在实名制限购之后，仍然会千方百计地获取制毒原料。

There is no doubt that,For illegal molecular speaking,Even in the system after purchasing,Will still leave no stone unturned to obtain such raw materials.

　　据官方统计称，内地20多个省、市、自治区曾破获涉麻黄碱类复方制剂犯罪案件。2009年至2011年，缴获流入非法渠道的麻黄碱类复方制剂120吨。

According to official statistics says,The mainland more than 20 provinces/city/Autonomous regions have unearthed in ephedrine kind of compound preparation crimes.From 2009 to 2011,Captured into illegal channels of ephedrine kind of compound preparation of 120 tons.

　　在聊城利用感冒药制毒案件侦破之后，办案人员发现，制毒最大的限制原料问题也被制毒团伙以多人购买的方式予以解决。目前我国已对含麻黄碱类药品进行限购，新康泰克、白加黑、日夜百服咛等数十种常用感冒、止咳平喘药限量销售，每人每次购买量不得超过5个最小零售包装，但因都是非处方药，于是，不法分子使用了很多人，每个人到不同药店，分好几次，每次五盒，前后共计购买了将近一千盒新康泰克胶囊，一部分自己加工用，一部分再倒卖给其他人，制毒团伙除了制造60多克的冰毒外，还有大量的半成品。

In liaocheng use such cases after cold detection,Investigators found that,The biggest limit such problems are also raw material drug gangs to many people buy way to solve.At present our country has to contain ephedrine drugs to be restricted,Maytag new health/White and black/Day and night the suit, such as air, dozens of common cold/Cough antiasthmatic limited sales,Measure each person shall not exceed 5 minimum retail packaging,But for all is a prescription medicine,so,Outlaws used a lot of people,Everyone to different pharmacy,Points several times,Every five box,A total of before and after bought nearly one thousand new health box maytag capsule,Part of their processing,Part of the stripping again to others,Such gang in addition to manufacture more than 60 grams of methamphetamine outside,There are a lot of semi-finished products.

　　一位药房的工作人员也向记者坦言，曾经遇见过结伴购买感冒药的情形，通常情况下，“只能卖给人家了”。

A pharmacy staff also said to reporters,Once met mate buy cold medicine situation,usually,"Can only be sold to the people".

　　对此，国家药监局有关负责人表示，实名制登记后，一旦发现有人多次大量购买感冒药，就可以进行追查，避免了之前从零售药店买药后无处可查的局面。

this,The administration's national relevant person in charge said,After registration system,Once found that someone had multiple buying large quantities of cold medicine,Can be traced,Avoid from retail pharmacy before buy drugs have nowhere to check situation.

　　“所有的关键还是在于严格执法，否则不管是处方药制度或者非处方药制度还是实名制，都会形同虚设。”卓小勤认为，规范和加强药品管理需要使用法律手段。

"All the key lies in the strict law enforcement,Otherwise no matter prescription system or otc drug system or system,Will exist in name only."ZhuoXiaoQin think,Regulate and strengthen drug management need to use legal means.

　　应加强零售药店监管 Retail pharmacy regulation should be strengthened

　　记者了解到，早在2008年，国家食品药品监督管理局就明文要求，含有麻黄碱成分的药品一次性出售不能超过5盒。

The reporter understands,As early as in 2008,State food and drug administration is expressly request,Contain ephedrine composition drug one-time sell no more than 5 boxes.

　　如今的“实名制”可谓在“限购”的基础上更进一步。

Today's"Real-name system"Is in"restricted"On the basis of further.

　　中国政法大学法治政府研究院教授王敬波也认为，目前药品管理法正在修改的过程当中，应将更多处于模糊地带的违法行为纳入监管的领域当中。现在药品行业日新月异，但是监管工作是滞后的，法律责任涵盖的内容是不全面的。很多违法行为由于法律涵盖不全面，处于灰色地带，因此在查处过程中会处于一个无法可依的状况。

The rule of law government research institute of China university of politics and law professor WangJingBo also think,Current drug administration are modified process,Should be more fuzzy zone of illegal activity into the field of supervision.Now drug industry change with each passing day,But the supervision work is lagging behind the,Legal responsibility covers the content is not comprehensive.A lot of illegal behavior due to legal cover is not comprehensive,In a gray area,Therefore in the process of investigation are in a could not be in accordance with the situation.

　　记者查阅资料发现，与国外对感冒药的管理相比，实名制难以称得上严格。

Reporter found that data access,And the management of overseas for cold medicine compared,The system is difficult to be called strictly.

　　以美国为例，已于2006年通过“反甲基苯丙胺滥用法案”，严格限制销售含麻黄碱类的药品。目前，美国有41个州有限售措施，要求销售中作为准处方药对待。购买人需要通过执业药师的许可，并记录个人信息，即实名制。肯塔基等州甚至通过电子追踪系统跟踪药品流向。

In the United States, for example,Already in 2006 through"Reverse methamphetamine abuse act",Strictly limited sales contain ephedrine kind of drugs.At present,In the United States, there are 41 states limited sale measures,Requirements in sales as a quasi prescription drug treatment.Purchaser need through the licensed pharmacists permission,And record personal information,Real-name system is.Kentucky and state even through the electronic tracking system tracking drug flow.

　　德国联邦药品监督局也有明确规定，含麻黄碱成分的非处方常用感冒、止咳平喘药，每人只能购买一盒，每盒一般10粒到20粒，这是一周的药量。购买前，药店的药剂师都会询问病人的病情，进行诊断，并按照轻重发给病人不同的剂量。如果病人几天内病情有所加剧，药剂师会按情况推荐药效更强的非处方药或建议去医院进一步诊断。为保护青少年，德国规定，18岁以下的青少年不能购买含麻黄碱成分的非处方常用感冒、止咳平喘药，但可以凭父母的授权书购买。

Germany's federal drug enforcement administration are also specified,Contain ephedrine composition over-the-counter common cold/Cough antiasthmatic,Each person can only buy a box,The magazine general 10 grain to 20 grain,This is a week's dosage.Before buying,Drugstore pharmacist will ask the patient's condition,diagnosis,According to the weight of different dose to patients.If the patient a few days intensified condition,The pharmacist will according to the conditions recommended efficacy stronger otc drug or the proposal goes to a hospital further diagnosis.For the protection of youth,Germany provisions,Teenagers under 18 years of age will not buy contain ephedrine composition over-the-counter common cold/Cough antiasthmatic,But can by their parents to buy the authorization.

　　“现在很多药店没有严格执行处方药的制度，造成了很大的危害。控制毒品是刑事司法的核心，在整个法律体系中应该优先考虑。”卓小勤说。

"And now many pharmacies not strictly enforce the prescription drug system,Caused great harm.Drug control is the core of criminal justice,In the whole legal system should be preferred."ZhuoXiaoQin said.

　　卓小勤认为，利用零售药品中的一些药品当中的涉毒化学成分来提炼毒品应该是一种制毒的新动向。我国对零售药店的管理应该加强，但目前这方面的法律制度还不完善，对违反处方药制度的行为处罚力度不够大，不足以惩戒这些违规的零售药店。从今后来看，不严格执行处方药制度的零售药店一经发现，应该即刻吊销其药品经营的资质。如果造成不良后果，还要追究从业者的刑事责任。□杜晓　唐瑶瑶

ZhuoXiaoQin think,Use some of the retail drugs of drugs in poison chemical composition to refine drugs should be a kind of such new trend.Our country to retail pharmacy management should be strengthened,But now the legal system is not perfect,For violation of a prescription drug system behavior punishment is not big enough,Not enough to disciplinary these illegal retail pharmacy.See from the future,Not strictly implement the prescription system of retail pharmacy once found,Should immediately cancel its drug business qualifications.If the adverse consequences,And the criminal responsibility shall be investigated for practitioners.- DuXiao tang YaoYao