2012年7月，世界艾滋病大会在美国召开，这一次大会的主题是“同心协力、扭转疫情，迈向一个没有艾滋病的新时代”。

In July 2012,World AIDS conference held in the United States,This time the theme of the congress is"together/Torsional epidemic,Towards a new era of no AIDS".

　　《2011年中国艾滋病疫情估计》显示，我国艾滋病历年报告病例数逐年上升，这些数字的增加是否意味着近年来艾滋病疫情越来越严重，防控失效呢？中国疾病防控中心性病艾滋病防控中心主任吴尊友表示，目前报告病例数增多，更多是由于检测范围扩大所致；而死亡人数的增加，则更多与“晚发现”有关。

[In 2011, China AIDS epidemic estimation]display,The number of cases of HIV/AIDS in China report is rising year by year,These Numbers increase in recent years that whether the HIV/AIDS epidemic situation more and more serious,Prevention and control failure??China's center for disease control and prevention sexually transmitted disease AIDS prevention and control center director wu zun friend said,At present the report increased number of cases,More is due to the detection range caused by expanding;And the increasing number of death,Is more and"Night that"relevant.

　　而最新科学研究显示，提前抗病毒治疗对艾滋病人有好处。新的研究发现如何应用至关重要。此外，目前我国艾滋病疫苗Ⅱ期临床试验启动，中国离“没有艾滋病的新时代”的目标有多远？

And the latest scientific research shows,Early antiviral treatment of AIDS are good people.The new study found that how to use is very important.In addition,At present our country AIDS vaccine Ⅱ period clinical trials start,China is"No AIDS of the new era"How far is the goal?

　

　我国艾滋病感染人群多样化 HIV/AIDS infection in our country population diversity

　　记者从中国疾控中心性病艾滋病防控中心发布的《2011年中国艾滋病疫情估计》报告中了解到，截至2011年底，我国存活艾滋病病毒感染者和艾滋病病人预计在78万人，当年新发病毒感染者4.8万人，死于艾滋病相关疾病者达2.8万人。

Reporters from the Chinese CDC venereal disease AIDS prevention and control center released[In 2011, China AIDS epidemic estimation]Report to know,By the end of 2011,Our country live AIDS virus infection and AIDS patient is expected to 780000 people,The new hair virus infected 48000 people,Died of AIDS related disease person amount to 28000 people.

　　报告显示，截至2011年底，我国存活的约78万艾滋病病毒感染者和艾滋病病人中，女性占28.6%；艾滋病病人15.4万，全人群感染率为0.058%。估计2011年当年新发艾滋病病毒感染者4.8万人，其中，异性传播占52.2%。

The report shows that,By the end of 2011,Live in China about 780000 HIV infections, and HIV/AIDS patients,Women accounted for 28.6%;154000 AIDS patients,The whole crowd infection rate was 0.058%.Estimates 2011 new cases of HIV infections in 48000,the,The opposite sex communication accounted for 52.2%.

　　就传播途径而言，在78万感染者和患者中，经异性传播占46.5%，经同性传播占17.4%，经注射吸毒传播占28.4%，经既往有偿采供血、输血或使用血制品传播占6.6%，经母婴传播占1.1%。

Just for transmission way,In 780000 people and patients,The opposite sex communication accounted for 46.5%,The gay propagation accounted for 17.4%,Transmission by illegal drug injection accounted for 28.4%,By always paid CaiGongXie/Blood transfusion or the use of adjuvant therapies propagation accounted for 6.6%,The mother-to-child transmission accounted for 1.1%.

　　吴尊友表示，在我国，性传播已经成为艾滋病传播的主要途径，所占比例继续增高，报告病例经性传播(包括同性传播和异性传播)所占报告者比例已经从2006年的33.1%上升到2011年的76.3%。其中，同性传播比例则由2.5%增至13%。

Wu zun friend said,In our country,Sexually transmitted has become the main way to the spread of AIDS,The proportion of continue to increase,Case report the sexually transmitted(Including gay spread and spread the opposite sex)The proportion of reporter has risen from 33.1% in 2006 to 76.3% in 2011.the,Gay transmission ratio is from 2.5% to 13%.

　　

老年男性感染率上升 Older men infection rates rise

　　吴尊友说，2005年到2010年，60岁以上男性新报告艾滋病病毒感染者和病人的数量明显上升，2005年，男性艾滋病病毒感染者只占2.2%，到2010年，这一比例达到8.9%；2005年，60岁以上男性新发病人只占5.4%，到2010年达到11%。

Wu zun friend said,From 2005 to 2010,Men over 60 new report of AIDS virus infection and the number of patients increased dramatically,In 2005,,Men of AIDS virus infection only 2.2%,By 2010,This ratio reached 8.9%;In 2005,,Men over 60 new cases are only 5.4%,To reach 11% by 2010.

　　为什么这一人群的比例会上升？专家分析，主要是“闲的”。很多60岁以上的男性退休没事干且还有性需求，而他们的伴侣在60岁之后性需求明显降低，这些人外出寻求刺激又不注重“保护”。在进行健康宣教时，这一群体也比较“顽固”，很多人抱着得了艾滋病还有10年潜伏期的观念，对艾滋病的危害满不在乎。

Why this population proportion will rise?Expert analysis,Is mainly"idle".Many men over the age of 60 and have nothing to do retirement sexual needs,And their partner before the age of sixty sexual demand significantly,These people go out seeking stimulation and does not pay attention to"protection".In the health education,This group is"stubborn",Many people hold AIDS and 10 years the concept of incubation period,The harm of AIDS care.

　　

6个省区疫情较严重 6 provinces more severe disease

　　吴尊友表示，在我国，艾滋病疫情仍呈低流行态势，但部分地区疫情严重。

Wu zun friend said,In our country,AIDS epidemic is still low popular trend,But parts of the serious disease.

　　截至2011年9月底，全国31个省、自治区和直辖市均有疫情报告，其中93%的区县报告了艾滋病感染者或病人，累计报告数排在前六位的分别是云南、广西、河南、四川、新疆和广东，报告人数占全国报告总数的75.8%。

By the end of 2011 the end of September,The national 31 provinces/Autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government have the epidemic situation report,93% of the districts and counties reported people infected with HIV or patient,Total number of report the top six respectively is yunnan/guangxi/henan/sichuan/Xinjiang and guangdong,The report of the national report the number of 75.8% of the total.

　　全国范围内，艾滋病感染者和患者估计数超过5万人的省份有5个，占全国估计总数的六成，低于5000人的省份有12个。

A nationwide,People infected with HIV and more than 50000 people estimate patients provinces have five,Accounts for the estimated sixty percent of the total,Under 5000 provinces have 12.

　　其中，就2011年艾滋病感染者和患者的分布地区而言，云南、新疆、广西、广东、四川和贵州6个省(自治区)注射吸毒传播导致感染的估计数之和，占全国该人群估计数的87.2%。同时，异性传播多分布在艾滋病流行较为严重的省份，同性传播多分布在大中城市以及流动人口集中的地区。

the,In 2011 alone people infected with HIV and the distribution of patients for areas,yunnan/xinjiang/guangxi/guangdong/Six provinces of sichuan and guizhou(Autonomous region)Drug injection propagation lead to infection of the sum of estimate,The population of the estimate of 87.2%.At the same time,The opposite sex communication much distribution in the HIV/AIDS epidemic serious provinces,Gay spread much distribution on the large and middle cities and floating population centralized area.

　　

三类危险因素仍广泛存在 Three kinds of risk factors still exist widely

　　吴尊友说，我国艾滋病防控形势依然面临着严峻挑战，我国将不断提高艾滋病防治的工作水平和实际效果。到2015年底，要实现艾滋病新发感染数减少25%，艾滋病病死率下降30%的目标。

Wu zun friend said,HIV/AIDS prevention and control in our country is still facing the situation of severe challenges,China will continue to improve the prevention and control of HIV/AIDS work level and actual effect.By the end of 2015,To realize the AIDS new infections number decreased by 25%,AIDS case fatality rate fell by 30% target.

　　他表示，艾滋病检测资料显示，我国艾滋病流行的危险因素仍广泛存在：25%的注射吸毒者仍共用注射器；有32%的暗娼不能坚持每次使用安全套；87%的男性行为者最近6个月与多个同性性伴发生性行为。同时，虽然注射吸毒的情况有所遏制，但使用新型毒品的现象愈显流行，多性伴现象仍在蔓延。

He said,AIDS detection data shows,Our country the HIV/AIDS epidemic risk factors still exist widely:25% of the injection drug users are still common syringe;32% of the demimondaine cannot insist on each condom use;87% of the male actors for the last 6 months and many gay sex sex partners.At the same time,Although the situation of drug injection on the brakes,But use new-type drug phenomenon more sensible pop,More sexual partners phenomenon is still in the spread.

　　吴尊友介绍，为了切实做到早发现、早治疗，我国自去年起启用“天气预报法”，即根据艾滋病疫情形势，给各地区设定一个当年发现艾滋病感染者和病人的预计数字，到年底对各地进行考核。

Wu zun friend introduced,In order to make sure that early detection/Early treatment,Enable our country since last year"The weather forecast method",According to the epidemic situation,Give each district set a when found that people infected with HIV and the patient's expected digital,By the end of the year for the different evaluation.

　　吴尊友称，下一步，我国将在重点地区、重点人群中加强各项防艾措施，进一步扩大艾滋病相关人群的检测面，以最大限度早发现感染者和病人，减少二代传播；同时，进一步加强艾滋病感染者和病人及时就诊和有效治疗，减少艾滋病死亡。将扩大艾滋病健康教育的覆盖面，加强行为干预，减少社会歧视，降低艾滋病危害。

Wu zun friend says,The next step,Our country will be in the key areas/Focus on strengthening the crowd AIDS measures,To further expand the HIV/AIDS related testing surface,To the largest extent early found that infected people and patients,Reduce the second generation communication;At the same time,Further strengthen people infected with HIV and patient timely and effective treatment in clinic,Reduce died of AIDS.Will expand the coverage of the HIV/AIDS health education,Strengthen the behavior intervention,Reduce social discrimination,Reduce the harm of HIV/AIDS.

　　

提前抗病毒治疗至关重要 Early antiviral treatment is very important

　　《新英格兰医学》杂志2011年7月发表的文章《提早抗病毒治疗减少艾滋病传播》显示，提前抗病毒治疗使得单阳家庭艾滋病传染减少96%。在今年7月份的“第十九届世界艾滋病大会”上，世界卫生组织据此科学突破出台了一个新指南，更加积极推进抗病毒治疗工作。

[New England medical]Magazine published in July of 2011 articles[Early antiviral treatment to reduce the spread of AIDS]display,Early antiviral treatment makes ChanYang family AIDS infection reduced by 96%.In July this year"The 19th world AIDS conference"on,The world health organization accordingly scientific breakthrough introduced a new guidelines,More actively promote antiviral treatment work.

　　“新指南”规定，不考虑感染者的免疫状况，单阳家庭、孕妇、高危人群同性恋、吸毒、暗娼等五类人群，只要是感染者都要进行抗病毒治疗药物治疗。

"The new guidelines"provisions,Don't consider infections immune status,ChanYang family/Pregnant women/The high risk population gay/drugs/The observed group,As long as it is infected people all to have to carry on antiviral treatment drug therapy.

　　“这使我们看到了控制艾滋病的希望。”吴尊友认为，提前抗病毒治疗对病人本人有好处，对性伴有好处。“已有的科学研究显示，治疗越早越不容易产生其他并发感染，也就不会终止治疗，这样反而不容易产生耐药，对病人是有利的。”

"This we see the hope of AIDS control."Wu zun friends think,Early antiviral treatment to the patient I have benefits,With good to sex."The existing scientific research shows,The earlier the treatment is not easy to produce other intercurrent infection,Won't terminate treatment,So it is not easy to result in drug resistance,The patient is beneficial."

　　所谓暴露前预防用药就是一段时间内，以病毒进入人体的时间为节点，如果预防措施是在病毒进入人体以后实施，就叫暴露后预防，如果预防措施是在病毒进入人体以前实施就叫暴露前预防。

The so-called exposure before the prophylactic usage is a period of time,To viruses enter human body time for node,If preventive measures is the virus enters the human body after implementation,Call after exposure to prevent,If preventive measures is the virus enters the human body before implementation is called before exposure to prevent.

　　在一组男男同性恋的研究当中，受试者被随机分成两组，一组服用抗病毒治疗药物，另一组不用药作为对照。研究发现，服用抗病毒药物的艾滋病新发感染比不服用抗病毒药物的减少42%。

In a group of male-male gay studies,Participants were divided into two groups at random,A group of taking antiviral drugs,Another group of women did not medicine as control.The study found that,Taking antiviral drugs AIDS new infections than do not take antiviral drug reduced by 42%.

　　

中国防艾疫苗打组合拳 National defence in artemisia vaccine play combination

　　与费用高昂的艾滋病治疗药物相比，打几针之后就不需再打的艾滋病疫苗更经济有效。

And the high cost of AIDS drugs compared,A few needle then don't need to dozens of AIDS vaccine more economical effective.

　　中国疾控中心与国药中生北京生物制品研究所采用新方法，联合研制具有完全自主知识产权的艾滋病疫苗，该疫苗在“十一五”期间完成了Ⅰ期临床试验，显示安全性良好，免疫原性强，可诱导受试者产生抗艾滋病病毒的体液和细胞免疫反应，Ⅱ期试验将进一步验证其免疫原性，即是否有效。这是国际上首次使用复制型活病毒载体研制的艾滋病疫苗进入临床试验阶段。目前已有31人注射第一针。

The Chinese CDC and traditional Chinese medicine have Beijing institute of biological products by the new method,Joint development with completely independent intellectual property rights of the AIDS vaccine,The vaccine in"11th five-year plan"Period completed Ⅰ phase of clinical test,Show better security,Immunogenicity strong,Can induce subjects have resistance to the virus that causes AIDS humoral and cellular immune response,Ⅱ period test will further verify its immunogenicity,Namely, whether effective.This is the first international use copy type live virus carrier of AIDS vaccine research into the clinical test.There are 31 people first needle injection.

　　“不论是艾滋病感染者的抗病毒治疗，还是结核病患者的治疗，都是采用联合用药的。”参与此次试验的北京佑安医院医师夏炜说，为了增强免疫效果，此次艾滋病疫苗采用的也是联合注射，这是我国“国家级”艾滋病疫苗与国外最大的不同之一。受试者先接种3针DNA疫苗，每针间隔一个月，随后根据随机分组，在不同的间隔时间后注射“痘苗”，这样能“显著增强诱导的体液和细胞免疫反应，比单独用DNA疫苗免疫有优势”。

"Whether people infected with HIV anti-viral treatment,Or the treatment of patients with tuberculosis,Is the combination of drugs."To participate in the test of the Beijing youan hospital doctors, XiaHui said,In order to enhance the effect of immunity,The AIDS vaccine is the combined injection,This is our country"national"AIDS vaccine and foreign one of the biggest different.Subjects first vaccination 3 needle DNA vaccine,Each needle interval a month,Then according to the random grouping,In different interval time injection"vaccine",This can"Remarkable enhancement induced humoral and cellular immune response,Alone than with DNA vaccine immune have an advantage".

　　此次我国采用的是“核酸疫苗与重组天坛痘苗联合免疫艾滋病疫苗”，作用为“预防HIV感染”。由HIV-1DNA疫苗和重组痘苗病毒艾滋病疫苗两个组份组成，前者在人体内建筑免疫屏障作用，后者则对该屏障进行加固。

The our country is used"The nucleic acid vaccine and restructuring the temple of heaven vaccine combined immune AIDS vaccine",Role for"To prevent HIV infection".By HIV - 1 DNA vaccine and restructuring vaccine virus AIDS vaccine two component composition,The former in the human body building immune barrier function,The latter to the barrier are strengthened.

　　试验结果显示，猴子们的身体里已经生成了抵御艾滋病病毒的有效屏障。(记者 李颖)

Test results show that,The monkeys body has been made against AIDS virus effective barrier.(Reporter kit-tai)