乳企欠“抽”吗？ Milk to owe"extraction"??

　　老百姓觉得还不够，乳企却已“抽怕了”，但食品安全事件仍层出不穷。中国乳制品的问题，归根结底还是在奶源上。

People think that is not enough,Milk enterprise has"Smoke'm afraid of",But food safety events still emerge in endlessly.The problem of Chinese dairy products,In the final analysis or in the mange.

　　郭本恒被“抽”怕了。

Guo this constant is"extraction"'m afraid of.

　　“现在国家对乳制品的抽查已经到了无以复加的程度！去年国家抽查光明乳业4553次，折算下来是抽查了几十万个指标，没有一个不合格。今年上半年已经抽查了2600多次，这么抽查会抽死人啊！”8月25日，在浙江杭州召开的乳制品工业协会第18次年会上光明乳业总裁郭本恒如是表示。

"Now the country's dairy products to the spot check has reached the extreme degree!Last year the national check bright dairy industry 4553 times,Reduced down is selectived examination hundreds of thousands of an index,No one is unqualified.In the first half of this year has been examined, a more than 2600 times,So check would draw the dead ah!"On August 25,,Held in hangzhou, zhejiang province, in the dairy industry association annual meeting 18 bright milk President guo this constant so said.

　　郭本恒说这番话两周后，9月8日，上海部分地区220ml光明小口玻璃瓶装牛奶发生出现酸败口感现象，上海质监部门已责令光明公司全面开展质量安全整顿。整改期未过，小小光明宝宝奶酷产品包装盒配料又被曝出含有“乳矿物盐”，光明不得不“全部回收”。怕被“抽死”的光明今年以来仍然事故不断。

Guo this constant said these words after two weeks,On September 8,,Parts of Shanghai 220 ml light small glass bottled milk occur rancidity palate phenomenon,Shanghai qualitative inspect branch has ordered the company to carry out comprehensive quality safety rectification.Rectification period had not,Little light baby milk cool products and packing ingredients to expose contains"Milk mineral salt",Light had to"Full recovery".Afraid to be"Take out dead"Light since this year still accident constantly.

　　上海质监局副局长沈伟民此前在新闻发布会上称，“我不知道这位老总的抱怨是出于什么想法。我认为有这么多抽查，是对老百姓负责，是对民众负责。企业应有这样的认识。三聚氰胺事件出来后，我们采取这么严厉的措施，不为过。”

Shanghai pledges inspect bureau deputy director ShenWeiMin previously said in a news release,"I don't know the old total complaints is out of any idea.I think there are so many spot check,Is responsible for the common people,Is responsible for the people.Enterprise should have such knowledge.Melamine event after coming out,We take the so severe measures,enough."

　　老百姓不禁疑惑：如此频繁的抽检，乳企都被“抽”怕了，为什么还是问题不断？究竟是哪里出了问题？

Common people can't help wondering:So frequent sampling inspection,Milk enterprises are"extraction"'m afraid of,Why still problems keep?What is wrong?

　　光明被“抽”的次数不算多 Light is being"extraction"The number of times more than not

　　“有关抽检次数多的言论并非抱怨，而是传达两层意思：一是企业在加强自控，监管部门的监管力度也是空前的，请消费者理性对待乳制品质量；二是向乳制品企业传递信心，希望大家不要失去信心。”针对这些质疑，光明乳业公关总监龚妍奇这样回应。

"The number of sampling observation of speech is not complain,But convey two meanings:One is the enterprise in strengthening self-control,The supervision of the supervision department is also unprecedented,Please consumer rational treat dairy products quality;The second is to dairy products enterprise transfer confidence,Hope you don't lose confidence."In view of these questions,Bright dairy industry public relations director GongYan odd this response.

　　龚妍奇告诉《中国经济周刊》，希望公众能够理解不要误读企业的话语。

GongYan odd tell[China economic weekly],Hope that the public can understand don't misread enterprise words.

　　其他几家乳企对此事都采取了谨慎回避的态度。“关于检测的话题我们作为甲方实在不好表态，无论说什么都会百口莫辩。”一家乳企的负责人告诉《中国经济周刊》。

A few other milk vulnerable to this matter by adopting a cautious avoidance attitude."About detection topic we as party a's really bad,No matter what to say will be unable to defend oneself."A milk in charge of the enterprise told[China economic weekly].

　　自三聚氰胺事件以来，国家加大力度对乳业进行全面检测和飞行抽检(在不预先告知抽检的对象、时间、地点的情况下，进行突击检查)，检测次数增加了30%左右，检测项目由此前每个批次检测7个项目达到27个项目左右。

Since melamine since the event,To intensify the country to dairy industry to conduct a comprehensive inspection and flight check(In the sampling inspection notice to the object/time/Under the condition of the site,For assault check),Testing number increased by about 30%,The test items which each batch testing before seven project to 27 about project.

　　东北某乳企负责人告诉《中国经济周刊》，目前国家检测乳制品的程序是：先由当地卫生防疫部门和质监部门进行抽检，如果检测出问题将对问题企业出具一个宏观食品安全报告，转交国家质检总局，国家质检总局再抽检被点名的企业。每次每项检测费用都在1000元左右，全部由被检企业自己承担。

Northeast a milk enterprise person in charge told[China economic weekly],At present the country testing dairy program is:First by the local health epidemic prevention departments and qualitative inspect branch in check,If detected the problem problem will be issued by the enterprise a macro food security report,To the state quality inspection administration,Aqsiq to check the enterprise.Every time every test cost is in 1000 yuan or so,All were detected by the enterprise own expenses.

　　“企业生产规模越大，产品的批次越多。尤其是三聚氰胺事件以后，规定某些检测必须使用定量检测设备，少则几十万元，贵的要上百万元以上。加上企业还要自检，凡是规模过亿的企业，每年自检加上国检要花费300万元以上资金，同时还要负担比以往多3倍的人员去自检和接待抽检的费用，光明被抽检的次数其实不算多。”上述东北某乳企负责人表示。

"The greater the enterprise production scale,The more product batch.Especially the melamine event later,Some provisions detection must use quantitative testing equipment,Little criterion hundreds of thousands of yuan,Expensive to millions of yuan.Add enterprise and self,All scale enterprise,Every year with countries self inspection to spend 3 million yuan capital,At the same time also burden three times more than ever the personnel to self and reception of the cost of the sampling inspection,Light is the number of sampling observation is not many."The northeast a milk enterprise person in charge said.

严检治标不治本 Strict inspection take temporary solution not effect a permanent cure

　　“由于近年来食品安全问题频发，国家加大了对乳业检测力度，不过，这些检测中的确存在重复检测的现象，给企业造成很大压力。”东方艾格农业咨询公司乳业分析师陈连芳告诉《中国经济周刊》。

"In recent years due to the frequent food safety problems,National stepped up dairy testing strength,but,These testing really do exist repeat the phenomenon of detection,To the enterprise caused great pressure."Oriental etam agricultural consulting company dairy industry analysts ChenLianFang tell[China economic weekly].

　　陈连芳指出，由于国家主管部门高度关注，连续多年对乳制品行业进行了专项整治，从严推出了相关举措，目前乳制品行业可算是监管最严的食品行业。“对于政府和监管部门而言，高频率的抽检的确是最有效的手段，但是企业为应对抽查所付出的成本也相当高。有许多项目都要被各路监管部门重复抽查，成本颇高。我个人认为这是一种治标不治本的做法”。

ChenLianFang pointed out that,Due to the competent government department high attention,For many years to dairy industry on the special improvement,Introduced the relevant measures,Current dairy industry is the most strict supervision of food industry."For government and supervision department concerned,High frequency sampling inspection indeed is the most effective means,But the enterprises should check pay cost is high.There are many projects will be the supervision department repeated selective examination,Cost quite high.I personally think this is a kind of take temporary solution not effect a permanent cure practices".

　　乳业专家王丁棉告诉《中国经济周刊》，深入了解就会发现企业的抱怨也不是完全没有道理，“我和企业的交流了解到，从三聚氰胺事件至今，几乎所有的乳企都在抱怨检测费太高，企业成本压力巨大。高频次检测并不能杜绝或者很好控制乳业安全问题。乳业标准缺失，安全体系不健全是问题根本。”

Dairy industry experts riggs cotton tell[China economic weekly],Thorough understanding will find enterprise complaints are not completely makes no sense,"I and the enterprise communication to know,From the melamine event so far,Almost all of the milk to have complained that detect cost is too high,Enterprise cost pressure.High frequency detection and can't stop or very good control dairy industry security problems.Dairy industry standard lack,Security system is not sound is fundamental."

　　工业和信息化部总工程师朱宏任认为，当今乳业面临的最大问题是中国乳品质量和安全水平与人民群众的期望相比还有较大差距，乳品要缩小与公众预期的差距，并没有捷径可走，只有老老实实地重视质量，一点一滴地唤回公众的信任。而对于监管部门来说，重视抽查的数量不如重视抽查的质量，当然，监管乳品，仅有抽查还不够。

Ministry of industry and information ZhuHongRen think chief engineer,Today's dairy industry is the biggest problems facing the Chinese dairy products quality and safety level and the people's expectations and a large gap,Dairy products to narrow down the gap between expected with the public,And there is no shortcut,Only honestly pay attention to quality,In drops back public trust.For the supervision department for,Pay attention to the number of spot check as attach importance to the quality of the selective examination,Of course,Supervision dairy,Only check is not enough.

奶源才是大问题 Mange is the big problem

　　一边是企业受不了这“抽死人”的检查，一边是消费者对“频繁检查还是问题不断”的质疑。乳品如何才能叫人真正放心？

One side is the enterprise can't stand it"Pumping the dead"examination,On one side is for consumers"Frequently check or problem constantly"questions.Dairy how to call a person really trust?

　　“中国乳业发展的现状简单说，就是加工环节的巨头、养殖环节的矮子。” 中商流通生产力促进中心分析师宋亮告诉《中国经济周刊》，近几年，政府先后建立食品安全危机预警机制、乳品追溯制度、乳品企业诚信管理制度等一系列安全保障制度，都是在强化加工、流通等环节的监管。但目前国内的乳品食品安全体系尚未建立健全，包括防范预警体系、追溯体系等均未完善。在这种情况下，国家只能加强监管，加大监督抽查力度。乳制品安全问题更多可能是奶源引起的。“这是个老生常谈的问题，但是想喝放心奶，就得看奶源，谁也无法回避。”

"The present situation of the development of China's dairy industry simple said,Processing link is the giant/The greatest talkers are the least doers breed tache." Zhongshang circulation productivity promotion center analysts SongLiang tell[China economic weekly],In recent years,The government has set up the food safety crisis early warning mechanism/Dairy food traceability system/Dairy products enterprise credit management system and a series of security system,Is in the intensive processing/Such as the supervision of the circulation link.But at present domestic dairy food safety system has not been set up sound,Including to prevent early warning system/Traceability system are not perfect.In this case,Countries can only strengthen supervision,Strengthen supervision check dynamics.Dairy products safety problems more may be caused by the mange."This is a well-worn problem,But like to drink milk at ease,Mange depends on,No one can avoid."

　　王丁棉认为，中国乳业的发展经常会走极端，虽然政府采取更为严格的检测力度，可以起到威慑企业的作用，对整个行业和维护消费者的利益也是最大的保障，但频繁的抽检成本最终还是让消费者买单。当务之急，是整合企业创新、政府监管、市场发育三方面的力量，从提高我国奶牛饲养水平，加强现代化专业管理入手，逐步淘汰一些小散户，建立具有一定规模的家庭大型牧场，从源头上解决问题。

Riggs cotton think,The Chinese milk industry development often go to extremes,Although the government to adopt more strict testing strength,Can act as a deterrent enterprise role,To the whole industry and maintain the interests of the consumer is also the biggest security,But frequent sampling inspection cost finally let consumers pay.Top priority,Is the integration of enterprise innovation/Government regulation/Market development of the three aspects of power,From China to enhance the level of dairy cattle raising,To strengthen the professional management of modernization,Phasing out a few small retail,To establish a certain scale of large family ranch,To solve the problem from the source.

　　陈连芳表示，“目前，国内乳企正面临着内忧外患的双重压力，要减轻乳企负担，政府需要从两个方面来推进，第一个方面是加强对奶源的检测。第二个是加快培育独立的第三方检测机构，构建公开、公正、公平交易体系。只有这样，乳企在出现产品问题时，才不会推卸责任，国家监管部门也要做到公开、公正、人性化地处理问题，双方形成利益共同体，共同承担风险，重新赢得消费者的忠诚度和信任感。”

ChenLianFang said,"At present,Domestic milk enterprises are faced with the double pressures state of flux,To reduce the milk enterprise burden,The government needs to from two aspects to promote,The first aspect is to strengthen the detection mange.The second is to accelerate the cultivation of independent third party testing institutions,Constructing public/justice/Fair trading system.Only in this way,Milk enterprises appear in product problems,Don't pass the buck,National regulators also to do open/justice/Human nature to deal with problems,Both sides form community of interests,Common risk,To win consumer's loyalty and trust."

　　《中国经济周刊》记者 侯隽 | 北京报道

[China economic weekly]Reporter HouJuan | Beijing