“黑救护车”泛滥暴露安全问题——急救体系管理亟待加强 "Black ambulance"Flood exposed security issues - first aid system management to be strengthened

　　外形跟救护车没什么两样：车顶有急救警报器，车身上有120标志，车上有急救床、担架床、氧气瓶……近年来，不少城市各大医院周边，活跃着一些“山寨救护车”、高仿“黑救护车”，车主根据病人病情坐地起价，甚至与正规救护车抢生意。

Shape with nothing more than an ambulance:Roof have emergency alarm,The car body has 120 mark,There are emergency bed/stretcher/Oxygen bomb...In recent years,Many city each big hospital surrounding,Active some"Hold an ambulance"/High copy"Black ambulance",The owner according to patients condition and swapping,Even with the formal ambulance rob business.

　“黑救护车”泛滥暴露安全隐患 "Black ambulance"Flood exposure potential safety problems

　　真假难辨的外形，触目惊心的安全隐患，可能伪造的运营文件……近日，有群众反映，长沙一些医院周边，一些“黑救护车”出现在医院门口，根据病人病情漫天要价、坐地起价。

True and false cramped appearance,Appalling safety hidden trouble,May forge operation file...recently,The reflect,Changsha some hospitals surrounding,some"Black ambulance"Appear in front of the hospital,According to patients condition on wild speculations/swapping.

　　根据群众反映的线索，记者在长沙一家大医院门口发现，几名男子站在一辆经过改装的“山寨救护车”前招揽生意。记者看到，这辆“山寨救护车”车内，有两个氧气瓶和一张担架。

According to the populace to reflect clues,Reporter in changsha a big hospital found the door,A few man stood in one of the modified"Hold an ambulance"Former soliciting business.The reporter sees,the"Hold an ambulance"car,There are two oxygen cylinder and a stretcher.

　　这位车主告诉记者，他把自家的面包车拆掉后座，安上轮式担架再加个氧气瓶改造成“救护车”，然后通过网络、小广告发布电话号码来“接活”，“我们提供上门服务，有市内的，也有市外的，市内每公里7元，外地的另说。价格还可以商量。”

The owner told reporters,He put his minibus tear down the back seat,Install wheeled stretcher add a oxygen bomb transformed into"The ambulance",Then through the network/Small advertising publishing telephone Numbers"To survive","We provide door-to-door service,A city of,Also have outside the city,The 7 yuan per kilometer,Out-of-town another said.The price is negotiable."

　　记者发现，一些“黑救护车”车主会将联系电话涂在医院多个角落，或在医院周边散发小广告；部分私营车主还会在医院急诊室周边等活儿，“黑救护车”就在医院门口停着。

Reporter discovery,some"Black ambulance"The owner will contact phone number coat in the hospital more corner,Or in the hospital peripheral sending out small advertising;Part of the private car owners will be in the hospital emergency room peripheral and work,"Black ambulance"In front of the hospital had stopped.

　　据调查，在一些大城市，由于医疗资源丰富，吸引了大量外地患者，间接导致大医院急救车辆不足，无力提供外地转运病人的服务；面对这一市场缺口，隐藏在医院周边的“黑救护”“山寨救护车”出现，通过各种方式招揽客人，甚至与正规急救车争抢病人。

According to the survey,In some big cities,Due to the medical resources are rich,Attracted a large number of foreign patients,Indirect cause big hospital emergency vehicle shortage,Unable to provide foreign transport the patient's service;In the face of this market gap,Hidden in the hospital surrounding"Black rescue""Hold an ambulance"appear,Through various ways attract guests,Even with the formal ambulance for patients.

　　“山寨救护车”的出现虽然一定程度上满足了病患的运送要求，但安全风险让人担忧。长沙市医疗救援中心介绍，一旦出现事故，由于没有合法身份及手续，“黑救护车”车主可能会选择逃之夭夭，事故责任无人承担。

"Hold an ambulance"Although the emergence of a certain extent satisfy the patient's delivery requirements,But safety risk alarming.Medical rescue center in changsha city is introduced,Once appear accident,Since there is no legal status and procedures,"Black ambulance"The owner may choose to run away,Accident liability for no one.

　　“黑救护”背后暗藏“灰色利益链” "Black rescue"Hidden behind"Grey interests chain"

　　记者采访了解到，我国大部分地区实行急救车有偿服务，各地根据自己的实际情况收费也不一样。大部分城市正规120急救车在市内出车5公里(含5公里)内每次收取出车费30元，超过5公里每公里加收1.5元(含往返里程)，这还不包含医护人员出诊费、用药、应急处理费用等。

Reporters learned,In most regions of China the ambulance a paid service,According to their own actual situation around the charge is different also.Most cities normal 120 ambulance driving in the city 5 km(Contain 5 kilometers)Every time in charge out fare 30 yuan,More than 5 kilometers per kilometer 1.5 yuan(Including return mileage),It also does not contain medical staff's fee/drug/Emergency treatment expenses, etc.

　　记者拨打了几个“黑救护车”车主的电话，这些“黑车”费用都在每公里5元至10元。

Reporters call a few"Black ambulance"The owner's phone,these"Black car"Expenses are per kilometer in $5 to 10 yuan.

　　据知情人士透露，非法运营的救护车很多是套牌车，车内未经消毒，也没有必备的抢救设备，更没有医护人员，如果病人途中发生危险，根本无法进行有效的抢救。

According to informed sources,The illegal operation of the ambulance many are set of brand car,The car without disinfection,Also does not have the necessary rescue equipment,More no medical personnel,If the patient dangerous way,Can't effectively rescue.

　　湖南省一家医院的医护人员告诉记者，以前，“黑救护车”多为“散户”，现在有些成立了公司统一经营管理，隐蔽性更强。有些“黑救护车”车主同医护人员或保安联手，形成一条“灰色利益链”，这也是“黑救护车”泛滥成灾，并敢于和正规急救车争抢市场的重要原因。

A hospital of hunan province medical staff told reporters,before,"Black ambulance"More for"retail",Now some founded the company unified management,Disguised stronger.some"Black ambulance"The owner with medical personnel or security together,Form a"Grey interests chain",This is"Black ambulance"overrun,And dare to and normal ambulance for market the important reasons.

　　整合资源加强管理 急救网络亟待完善 The integration of resources, strengthen the management of first aid network should be improved

　　湘潭大学公共管理学院副教授盛明科认为，“黑救护车”的监管涉及运管、卫生、客运管理、交警等多部门，交叉监管往往使监管更难，甚至可能造成空白。因此，建议有关部门应发挥联动作用，加大对非法运营的“黑救护车”的打击力度，避免出现“都管都不管”的尴尬局面。　　专家呼吁，交警部门要加大检查监督执法力度，医院方面应警惕医院保安、护工等与不法分子勾结，适当增加救护车辆，合理配置医疗资源，满足病患对救护车的需求，从而堵住“山寨救护车”的灰色生存空间；病人及家属要提高警惕，认真分辨真假救护车，谨防上当受骗。

Xiangtan university associate professor with the public administrative college ChengMingKe think,"Black ambulance"In the supervision of the pipe/health/Passenger transport management/The traffic police department, etc,Cross supervision often make supervision more difficult,And may even cause blank.therefore,Suggest to the departments concerned should play linkage effect,Strengthen the illegal operations"Black ambulance"crackdown,avoid"Are tube are no matter"Awkward situation.The experts urged,The traffic police departments should enhance the inspection supervision and law enforcement,The hospital should alert the hospital security/Care and lawless collusion,Appropriate increase rescue vehicle,The reasonable allocation of medical resources,To meet the needs of the patients to the ambulance,Thus blocked"Hold an ambulance"Grey living space;Patients and their family members have to remain vigilant,Carefully distinguish between true and false the ambulance,Beware of cheated.

　　专家认为，政府应大力发展和规范急救服务，不断完善医疗急救网络，加强对医疗急救行业的监管。在公立医院、急救中心的救护车数量严重不足的情况下，考虑开放救护市场，让更多可靠的社会资本进入急救领域，使之成为正规急救的有益补充。(记者 帅才)

Experts say,The government should vigorously develop and standardize emergency services,Constantly improve medical first aid network,To strengthen the supervision of the medical first aid industry.In the public hospital/First aid center ambulance seriously insufficient number of cases,Consider open rescue the market,Let more reliable social capital into the field of first aid,Make it become the formal first-aid beneficial supplement.(Reporter command ability)