日前，加拿大的一项研究提出，从形成血栓严重程度来说，吃蛋黄的危害几乎等于吸烟坏处的2/3。随着一些媒体的报道，各种“鸡蛋有害”的说法在网络流传。这些说法可信吗？人民日报“求证”栏目记者就此采访了有关专家。

a,A Canadian study put forward,From thrombosis for severity,Eat egg yolk is equal to the harm of smoking almost two-thirds of disadvantages.With some media reports,various"Eggs harmful"Said in the network spread.These statements believable?People's Daily"verification"Column the reporter interviewed concerned expert.

　　疑问一：多吃鸡蛋易致“三高”？ Doubt a:Eat more eggs easy cause"Three tenors"?

　　【回应】 鸡蛋对人体胆固醇影响不大；蛋黄中含有的卵磷脂有降低血胆固醇的效果

[response] Eggs on the human body cholesterol the impact is not big;Egg yolk contains lecithin have a lower blood cholesterol effect

　　有网文称，“鸡蛋胆固醇含量高，吃多了容易导致人体‘三高(高血压、高血糖、高血脂)’病症”。一些网友甚至说，“鉴于高血脂等健康问题日益突出，成年人群都要远离鸡蛋。”事实是否如此？

Have article said,"Eggs high in cholesterol,Eat more easy to cause the human body‘Three tenors(hypertension/hyperglycemia/High blood fat)’disease".Some net PALS even said,"In view of the high blood fat and health problems have become increasingly prominent,Adult crowd to stay away from eggs."The fact is so?

　　“多吃鸡蛋引发‘三高’，国际上没有公认的证据证明。”北京协和医院营养科主任医师于康介绍说，有研究表明，如果两组健康人群每日分别摄入1个和10个鸡蛋，持续一个月，尽管后者的摄入量超出建议量约10倍，两者血胆固醇水平没有太大差异，因为人体有自我调节机制。

"Eat more eggs cause‘Three tenors’,There is no international recognized evidence."Beijing union medical college hospital nutrition division chief physician in KangJieShao said,Some studies have suggested that,If two group of healthy people were daily intake of 1 and 10 eggs,For a month,Although the latter intake beyond advice about 10 times the amount,Both blood cholesterol levels do not have too big difference,Because the human body has the self-adjustment mechanism.

　　中国疾控中心营养与食品安全所副所长马冠生介绍，人体内胆固醇有两个来源，一是内源性，在肝脏合成，每天约有1000毫克，是人体内胆固醇的主要来源，占70%。另一个是外源性，从食物中获得，主要来自肉类、内脏、蛋黄和奶油。《中国居民膳食指南(2007)》建议，居民每日胆固醇摄入量为300毫克。而一个鸡蛋黄的胆固醇含量为200多毫克，低于居民膳食指南的推荐量。

The Chinese CDC nutrition and food security deputy director MaGuanSheng is introduced,The body cholesterol has two sources,One is the endogenous,In the liver synthetic,There are about 1000 mg every day,The human body is the main source of cholesterol,70%.The other is a exogenous,The food,Mainly from meat/visceral/Egg yolk and cream.[Chinese residents dietary guidelines(2007)]Suggestions,Residents daily cholesterol intake for 300 mg.A yolk cholesterol content is more than 200 mg,Below the recommended amount of 'dietary guidelines.

　　记者在采访中了解到，食物中的胆固醇在人体血液中以高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇几种形式存在。“当低密度脂蛋白过量时，它携带的胆固醇易积存在动脉壁上，形成动脉粥样硬化，是导致心脑血管疾病的元凶，被称为‘坏胆固醇’。而高密度脂蛋白能将血液中的多余血脂运送到肝脏代谢掉，被称为‘好胆固醇’。”武汉大学人民医院心血管内科副教授鲁志兵解释说。

Reporter in the interview to understand,Food cholesterol in the blood in human body with high density lipoprotein cholesterol/Low density lipoprotein cholesterol/Very low density lipoprotein cholesterol several existing form."When low density lipoprotein when excessive,It carries cholesterol easy stockpile in the artery wall,Formation of atherosclerosis,Is the prime cause disease of heart head blood-vessel,called‘Bad cholesterol’.And high density lipoprotein in the blood can be carried to excess blood fat liver metabolism off,called‘Good cholesterol’."Wuhan university people's hospital, an associate professor at the department of cardiovasology LuZhiBing explained.

　　对于鸡蛋如何影响人体“好胆固醇”与“坏胆固醇”水平，武汉协和医院营养科医生蔡红琳表示尚不清楚，但蛋黄含有的卵磷脂有利于降低胆固醇。中国营养学会常务副理事长翟凤英也表示，蛋黄中含有丰富的卵磷脂，具有降低血胆固醇的效果，并能促进脂溶性维生素的吸收。

For egg how to affect human body"Good cholesterol"and"Bad cholesterol"level,Wuhan union medical college hospital nutrition family doctor CaiGongLin says it does not know,But egg yolk contains lecithin is beneficial to lower cholesterol.The Chinese nutrition society executive vice chairman of the ZhaiFengYing also said,Egg yolk contains abundant lecithin,With lower blood cholesterol effect,And can promote the fat soluble vitamin absorption.

　　“每周多吃几个鸡蛋对健康人群的胆固醇含量影响不大。”鲁志兵向记者介绍，真正刺激身体制造胆固醇的是饱和脂肪和反式脂肪。鸡蛋中的饱和脂肪含量相对较低，一个鸡蛋中的饱和脂肪约1.5克，仅为一汤勺黄油的一小部分。

"Eat more a few eggs a week to healthy crowd the cholesterol content of the impact is not big."LuZhiBing introduces to the reporter,Truly stimulating the body manufacturing cholesterol is saturated fat and trans fats.Eggs in the saturated fat content is relatively low,An egg of about 1.5 grams of saturated fat,Is only a small part of the butter a spoon.

　　于康强调，如果血脂水平增高，需要减少脂肪的摄入，增加体力活动并且控制体重。相比膳食因素，运动、戒烟、情绪调节对调节胆固醇水平更有效。

In kang emphasize,If the blood lipid level increased,Need to reduce fat intake,Increased physical activity and weight control.Dietary factors compared,movement/Quit smoking/Emotion regulation for regulating cholesterol level more effective.

　　疑问二：吃蛋黄危害等同于吸烟？ Question 2:Eat egg yolk damage equal to smoking?

　　【回应】高胆固醇食物只是血栓形成的一个方面，吸烟导致动脉硬化已通过数千项研究证实

[response]High cholesterol food is just one aspect of thrombosis,Smoking causes atherosclerosis already through the thousands of studies confirm

　　对于“吃蛋黄的危害几乎等于吸烟坏处的2/3”的说法，武汉协和医院血液科胡豫教授介绍，这是一篇发表在Atherosclerosis杂志上有关鸡蛋黄与颈动脉斑块之间的研究报告，是基于1262名患者进行的回顾性研究调查。“但毕竟每名患者的饮食、日常生活方式等均存在差异，要做到更加客观，尚需更大样本的前瞻性观察。”

for"Eat egg yolk is equal to the harm of smoking almost two-thirds of disadvantages"that,Wuhan union medical college hospital HuYu hematology department professor is introduced,This is an article published in the journal of Atherosclerosis in carotid plaques on the egg and between research report,Is based on 1262 patients of retrospective survey study."But after all, every patients diet/Daily life way, are different,To be more objective,Still needs a large sample of prospective observation."

　　马冠生也指出，该研究所用调查方法在流行病学中属于现况调查分析，只是说明血栓增加与吃蛋黄两种现象之间存在某种关联性，并不能说明因果关系。

MaGuanSheng also pointed out,The study used in epidemiological survey method, belong to inventory survey analysis,Only that thrombus increase and eat egg yolk two kind of phenomenon exist between a certain relevance,Do not show causality.

　　北京协和医院血液科主任医师韩冰介绍说，如果血管狭窄、血流变慢、血液凝固性增高，就容易出现血栓。血栓受肥胖、吸烟、糖尿病等影响，是遗传和环境等多因素作用的结果，饮食只是一个方面。

Beijing union medical college hospital hematology department chief physician HanBing said,If blood vessels are narrow/Hemorrheology slow/Blood coagulability heighten,It is easy to appear the thrombus.Thrombosis by obesity/smoking/Diabetes influence,Is genetic and environmental factors, etc,Only one side of the diet.

　　那么，吃鸡蛋是否会导致血栓？蔡红琳认为，不能直接得出这样的结论。常吃高胆固醇食物对血栓有促进作用，但造成血栓的原因还包括：脂肪总量高、肥胖、吸烟、酗酒、高血压、年龄大、体力活动少等。如果只是每天吃3个鸡蛋，而其它方面都很科学，是不会导致血栓的。

so,Eating eggs could cause blood clots?CaiGongLin think,Cannot directly draw such a conclusion.Often eat high cholesterol diet on thrombus have promote role,But cause thrombus reasons include:Total fat high/obesity/smoking/drinking/hypertension/older/Physical activity, such as less.If only eat every day 3 eggs,And other aspects are very scientific,Won't cause blood clots.

　　蔡红琳同时介绍，从合理膳食的角度来看，控制脂肪总量、少摄入饱和脂肪酸(动物油)、多摄入不饱和脂肪酸(植物油)、少反式脂肪酸、适量膳食纤维、充足维生素和微量元素、少饮白酒等，能够使“好胆固醇”增加、“坏胆固醇”下降，有助于人体健康。

CaiGongLin introduced at the same time,From the point of view of rational diet,Control total amount of fat/Eat less saturated fatty acid(Animal oil)/Much intake of unsaturated fatty acid(Vegetable oil)/Fewer trans fatty acid/Moderate dietary fiber/Plenty of vitamins and trace elements/Drink less liquor, etc,Can make"Good cholesterol"increase/"Bad cholesterol"decline,Help to human body health.

　　中国疾控中心控烟办公室副主任姜桓表示，烟叶不完全燃烧带来尼古丁、一氧化碳等物质，通过损伤血管内皮、使动脉血管腔变窄等途径，引起冠状动脉、颈动脉等多种动脉粥样硬化。吸烟导致动脉硬化是通过数千项研究证实的，不容置疑。

The Chinese CDC smoke control deputy director of the office of the JiangHuan said,Tobacco incomplete combustion with nicotine/Carbon monoxide and other material,Through the vascular endothelial injury/Make arterial lumen narrowed the way such as,Cause coronary artery/And so on the many kinds of carotid artery atherosclerosis.Smoking causes atherosclerosis is through thousands of studies confirmed,undoubtedly.

　　专家们均表示，烟草烟雾中含有7000余种化学成分，其中数百种为有害物质。膳食因素和吸烟导致血栓的机理不同，吃蛋黄也绝对不等同于吸烟。

Experts are said,Tobacco smoke contains more than 7000 kinds of chemical composition,The hundreds of for harmful substances.Dietary factors and smoking cause thrombus of different mechanism,Eat egg yolk definitely does not equate to smoking.

　　疑问三：鸡蛋如何吃得更健康？ Question three:Egg how to eat more healthy?

　　【回应】 健康人群宜每天吃一个鸡蛋，高胆固醇患者可每两天吃一个鸡蛋

[response] Healthy people should eat an egg every day,Patients with high cholesterol can every two days eat an egg

　　中国农业大学营养与食品安全系副教授范志红指出，鸡蛋黄有众多优点被人们所忽视。蛋黄集中了鸡蛋中的12种维生素和多种保健因子，包括有利于预防心脏病和视网膜疾病的叶黄素和卵磷脂等。如果只吃鸡蛋白而弃去蛋黄，是一种巨大的营养浪费。

China agricultural university nutrition and food safety system, an associate professor at FanZhiGong pointed out,The egg has many advantages are ignored.Egg yolk on eggs of 12 kinds of vitamins and a variety of health factor,Including helpful in the prevention of heart disease and retina disease lutein and lecithin, etc.If only eat egg white and abandon to egg yolk,Is a huge waste of nutrition.

　　马冠生表示，鸡蛋可提供优质蛋白质，其氨基酸组成与人体需要最接近，对儿童乃至成年人都是良好的蛋白质来源。因此，我国建议居民每日摄入蛋类25—50克，相当于半个至一个鸡蛋。

MaGuanSheng said,Eggs can provide high-quality protein,The amino acid composition and the human body needs the most close to,To children and adults is a good source of protein.therefore,Our country suggest residents daily intake of eggs 25-50 grams,Equivalent to half to an egg.

　　范志红提醒，胆固醇氧化的产物较之胆固醇本身更具健康风险，因此鸡蛋的烹调方法值得注意。她建议采取蒸煮、水煮、蒸蛋等形式，避免频繁采用油炒、油煎、焗蛋黄等烹调方法。

FanZhiGong remind,Cholesterol oxidation product than the cholesterol itself more health risks,Therefore eggs cooking method is worth attention.She suggested that take cooking/boiled/Steamed eggs and other forms,Avoid frequent use oil Fried/Fried/Baked egg yolk and cooking methods.

　　专家们建议，血脂正常的成年人每天吃1个鸡蛋为宜，这样既有利于消化吸收，又能满足机体的需要。胆固醇正常的老年人，每天吃1个鸡蛋，其100毫升血液中的胆固醇最高增加1毫克，不会造成血管硬化。对于已经出现脂质代谢紊乱、胆固醇水平超标的患者来说，可以酌情减少蛋黄摄入量，可每两天吃一个鸡蛋，或每周2—3个鸡蛋，也就是说，鸡蛋并非“完全不能碰”。

Experts suggest,Blood fat normal adults eat an egg every day it is advisable,This is not only beneficial to digestion and absorption,And can meet the needs of the body.Cholesterol normal old people,Eat an egg every day,Its 100 milliliter the cholesterol in the blood the highest increase 1 mg,Won't cause vascular sclerosis.Have appeared lipid metabolic disorders/Cholesterol levels exceed bid for patients with,Can take into consideration the reduce egg yolk intake,But every two days eat an egg,A week or 2-3 eggs,That is,Eggs is not"Completely unable to touch".

　　患有其他疾病的人可以吃鸡蛋吗？北京朝阳医院营养科营养师宋新认为要具体分析。比如发高热的病人，消化液分泌减少，吃鸡蛋不易消化，但喝点蛋花汤没问题；对于肾炎，特别是肾功能不全的患者，对摄入蛋白质的总量有控制，但不只是鸡蛋；胆、肝病患者需限制食物中摄入的脂肪量，也不是针对鸡蛋的；蛋白质过敏的人，只要不是鸡蛋蛋白质过敏，吃鸡蛋就没问题。(杜放、涂晓晨、杨岑参与采写）

With other diseases can eat an egg?Beijing chaoyang hospital nutrition division dieticians song new think to specific analysis.Such as hair high fever patients,Digestive juice secretion decline,Eating eggs is not easy to digest,But drink egg drop soup no problem;For nephritis,Especially renal insufficiency of the patients,The amount of protein intake to have control,But not only the eggs;bravery/Liver disease patients need to limit the amount of fat in the food intake,Also not aimed at the eggs;People who are allergic protein,As long as it's not egg protein allergy,Eat an egg is no problem.(DuFang/TuXiaoChen/Yang CenCan and concludes)