11月15日，通州区宋庄镇，精佳艺义齿加工中心，操作间混杂着浓重化学品味和煤气味。

November 15,,Tongzhou district SongZhuangZhen,With a good art denture machining center,Console mingle with the strong chemical taste and gas taste.

　　11月15日，通州区宋庄镇小堡西街133号，精佳艺义齿加工中心，生产间内污秽脏乱。

November 15,,Tongzhou district SongZhuangZhen small fort west street no. 133,With a good art denture machining center,Production in between the unclean mess.

　　中华口腔医学会2010年对外发布的数据称，我国55岁以上人群中，26%为活动义齿（假牙）佩戴者。

The oral medical association in 2010 foreign data released by the said,Our country 55 years old above the crowd,26% activities denture(dentures)The wearer.

　　义齿属于医疗器械，因为要植入患者口腔中，原本应精密生产、严格消毒。

Denture belongs to medical equipment,Because patients implanted in the mouth,Originally should be precision production/Strict disinfection.

　　近日，新京报记者获得线索，北京通州区一家义齿生产厂家生产存在不规范行为。对此，一个月前，两路记者陆续进入该厂，暗访假牙生产和销售环节。

recently,The Beijing news reporter for clues,Beijing tongzhou a denture production manufacturer production irregularities exist.this,A month ago,Two way reporters into the factory in succession,Investigations dentures production and sale link.

　　在此厂，生产环境污秽且存安全隐患；金属残料被回收再利用；技工普遍用皮鞋油涂抹假牙钢托，以达增亮效果，此举被称“厂老板独创发明”。暗访中该厂股东透露，该厂证照不全。

In this factory,Production environment polluted and save safety hidden trouble;Metal scrap by recycling;The mechanic common with leather shoes oil blot out false tooth steel bracket,For brightening effect,It is said"Factory boss original invention".Investigations revealed in the shareholders,The certificate is not complete.

　　从该厂生产出的义齿，被销往至少十几家中小型医院及牙科诊所。一颗成本几十元的假牙，以百余元卖入医疗机构后，再对患者的报价高达数千元，最高标价是该厂出厂价的60倍。

From the factory production of denture,Is sold at least ten home small hospitals and dental clinic.The cost of a few yuan dentures,With over yuan sell into after medical institutions,Again to patients offer up to thousands of dollars,The highest price is the factory price of 60 times.

　　北京精佳艺（禹超）义齿加工中心（以下简称精佳艺），位于通州区宋庄镇。

Beijing refined beautiful art(YuChao)Denture machining center(Hereinafter referred to as the fine beautiful art),Located in tongzhou district SongZhuangZhen.

　　其网站介绍：公司成立于2004年，经历数年的奋斗，发展成集义齿销售与生产、科研、新产品推广、技工培训等项目的高科技企业。公司于2012年全面升级，进一步完善生产与销售，品质保证。公司的经营理念是：诚信品质，服务健康。

The web site:The company was established in 2004,Experienced several years of struggle,Developed the chengji denture sales and production/Scientific research/New product promotion/The mechanic training project of high-tech enterprises.In 2012 the company overall upgrade,To further improve production and sales,Quality assurance.The company's operating philosophy is:Integrity quality,Service health.

　　10月30日，新京报记者以学徒工身份进入精佳艺，却见到了另一种现场。

October 30,,The Beijing news reporter to apprentice identity into fine beautiful art,But met another field.

　　

“鞋油”涂抹牙托增亮 "Shoe polish"Daub denture palate brightening

　　加工中心位于通州区宋庄镇小堡商业广场对面的一条胡同里，是个两排彩钢板房围起的院落。

Machining center is located in tongzhou district SongZhuangZhen fort small commercial square opposite of a lane,Is a two row caigang board of the stockade yard.

　　11月1日，工厂生产间里弥漫着刺鼻的化学品气味。地面上多处残留黑色斑迹。

On November 1,,The factory production room is filled with pungent odor chemicals.On the ground the residual black patches.

　　生产间工位下的夹缝中，摆放着几个煤气罐。

Between production under the station in the middle,Put a few gas tank.

　　天气寒冷，生产间内还摆着一套煤炉暖气设备，红彤彤的煤球随意丢在地上，距煤气罐不足1米远。旁边，几名技工面前开着煤气灯，火苗乱蹿。

The weather was cold,Between production within the still put a coal stove heating equipment,Red briquette optional was on the floor,From the gas tank is far less than one meter.side,A few people before the mechanic open gas burner,Flame disorderly comes.

　　经观察，该厂每天约有10名技工在岗。分为石膏部、车金部等几个部门，但多位技工通常兼任两个（或以上）部门的工作。

After observation,The factory every day about 10 on-the-job mechanic.Divided into gypsum department/Car gold department and so on several departments,But many mechanic usually concurrently two(Or above)Department work.

　　23岁的于飞（化名）是车金部的技工，他一边打磨假牙钢托，一边从一个黄色圆盒中用细棍刮取白色膏状物，向钢托的表面上均匀涂抹，经几分钟打磨，原本黑糊糊的钢托表面变得锃亮。

The 23-year-old form(alias)The ministry of gold is a car mechanic,As he grinding teeth steel bracket,Side from a yellow (with fine rod scraping take white paste content,To steel bracket surface evenly distributed,After a few minutes burnish,Originally black steel bracket surface become shiny.

　　黄色圆盒上显示，产品名称为“佳洁多功能清洁膏”，使用范围是皮衣护理、家具电器清洁等。其中，家具皮衣护理中，适用于真皮沙发、皮衣、休闲鞋等。

(yellow on display,Product name is"Jiajie multi-function cleansing cream",Use range is leather care/Furniture electrical appliances clean, etc.the,Furniture leather care,Suitable for leather sofa/fur/Casual shoes, etc.

　　“说糙点，这抹的就是鞋油，我们都管这叫鞋油，这个技术是我们老板独创发明的。”于飞说，以前，老板黄禹超给钢托打磨时，总认为不够光亮，钢托卖相就不好，后来他试着用鞋油涂抹，抹过后，钢托比以前光亮很多，厂里就沿用鞋油抛光。

"Said a bit rough,This wipe is shoe polish,We call this a shoe polish,This technology is our boss original invention."Form said,before,The boss HuangYuChao to steel holder at grinding,Always think that not enough light,Steel bracket outlook is bad,Then he tried using shoe polish daub,After wipe,Steel toby before a lot of light,The factory will continue to use shoe polish polishing.

　　“在义齿牙托上涂抹鞋油类产品用来增亮？闻所未闻。”邵东升说。

"Held in denture blot out shoe polish products used for brightening?Far afield."ShaoDongSheng said.

　　邵东升是原北京口腔医院修复科医生、主治医师。他说，义齿应保证无毒、无刺激性、无致癌性和致畸变性，代谢和降解产物对人体无害处。“牙托上鞋油类化学品，消毒不干净，容易对口腔黏膜产生刺激，出现黏膜类疾病。”

ShaoDongSheng is former Beijing stomatological hospital repair family doctor/The attending physician.He said,Denture should guarantee the non-toxic/nonirritant/No carcinogenicity and teratogenic degeneration,Metabolism and degradation products, harmless to the place."Did held oil chemicals,Disinfection not clean,Easy to oral mucosa stimulates the production of,Appear mucosa diseases."

　　于飞把钢托涂抹鞋油、打磨完工后，拿到院中的高温蒸汽机边，用蒸汽喷了几秒钟后，放到一个盒内清洗，用牙刷来回刷几下，取出后，原本澄清的水变得污黑。

Form the steel bracket daub shoe polish/Grinding after the completion of the,Get the courts of high temperature steam engine side,Steam spray after a few seconds,In a box cleaning,Back and forth with tooth brush brush a few times,remove,Originally clarified water become burn however corrupt black.

　　于飞说，高温蒸汽机温度在100℃左右，能去污杀菌，“细菌能不能杀尽咱们不知道，能出货就行。”

Form said,High temperature steam engine temperature at 100 ℃ or so,Can decontamination sterilization,"Bacteria can kill do we don't know,Can delivery line."

　　海淀区某大型义齿加工企业负责人张岩（化名）介绍，作为入口的医疗器械，义齿出货时须经严格消毒。在其所在企业，假牙出货前，要经过酒精超声波振荡、紫外线消毒和臭氧消毒三道工序。

Haidian district a large denture processing enterprise controller metcalf jv(alias)introduce,As the entrance of medical devices,Denture when shipment must be approved by the strict disinfection.Where the enterprise,Dentures before delivery,To pass alcohol ultrasonic oscillation/Ultraviolet disinfection and ozone disinfection three processes.

　　

假牙返工率占两成 Denture rework rate twenty percent

　　11月1日，精佳艺的生产车间，两名技工正在排牙，也就是把义齿固定到塑质或金属质的牙托上。假牙装到牙托上后，一名技工用手掰了一下，一颗假牙脱落，技工从抽屉里拿出一瓶502胶水，几滴胶水下去，把掉牙装上，再用力按，让其稳固。

On November 1,,With a good art production workshop,Two mechanic is row of teeth,Also the denture is fixed to a plastic mass or metal quality on denture palate.Denture loading to held after the,A mechanic with the hand a bye,A false teeth fall off,The mechanic from the drawer take out a bottle of 502 glue,A few drops of glue down,The loss of teeth fit on,Then at the,Let the solid.

　　“又返回来了，做工糙了吧？”11月1日下午，车瓷工刘军（化名）从桌上的塑料筐里，拿出一副返工的假牙，扫了一眼，又丢回了筐里。

"returns,Work rough!?"On November 1, afternoon,Car porcelain work liujun(alias)From the table in the plastic crate,Take out a pair of rework dentures,I glanced at,And throw back to the basket.

　　“是钢托打坏了吗？”于飞在旁边问。

"Is steel bracket batter?"Form beside asked.

　　于飞手里拿着一个纯钛的假牙支架，支架筑网上有一块拇指大小的残缺。

Form the inside of the hand take a pure titanium dentures support,Online support built there is a thumb size mutilation.

　　“只要不缺大半块，就能用。”于飞说，一旦支架排上牙，盖住漏网，患者就看不出来，“筑网破一般不补，既费时间，又费材料。患者又不会找来。”

"As long as no lack of most of the block,can."Form said,Once the support platoon upper teeth,Cover slip through the net,Patients can't see out,"Build net broken generally does not fill,It takes time,And charge material.Patients and will not find."

　　技工们说，除非是接新活、首次跟医院合作，怕生意黄了，他们的做工才特别精细，筑网破了才会修补。

Mechanic said the,Unless it is a joint new live/The first cooperation with hospital,Afraid of business yellow,They work to special fine,Build net broken will repair.

　　在该厂一张11月12日收件的出货单上，注明医生为“西乐园”，患者姓名为刘志英（化名）。备注上写着“反（返）工、重做、不就位”等字样。

In the factory a November 12 receipt delivery list,Indicate the doctor for"West park",The patient, such as names for LiuZhiYing(alias).Note written"reverse(return)work/redo/Not in place"Such words.

　　“这是常有的事，五分之一的货都不合格，能混就混。”该厂的骨干业务员周德彬说。

"As is often the case,One 5 of the goods are not qualified,Can mix mixed."The salesman said the backbone of the ZhouDeBin.

　　看过通州区精佳艺加工厂生产流程的视频和照片后，海淀区某大型义齿加工企业负责人张岩认为，该义齿加工厂生产环境差，生产流程不规范，内部管理混乱。张岩说，义齿出货前，须经粗糙度、密合度和松紧度等标准检验，且包装盒内要有检验合格证。其所在企业一套假牙生产，至少有30道工序。

Tongzhou district seen with a good art processing factory production process of video and photos after,Haidian district a large denture processing enterprise controller metcalf jv think,The denture processing factory production environment difference,The production process is not standard,Internal management confusion.Said metcalf jv,Denture before shipment,Subject to roughness/Join closely degree and degree of firmness of standard test,And within the box should have inspection certificate.Its are in an enterprise a set of dentures production,At least 30 process.

　　原北京口腔医院修复科医生邵东升说，假牙是精密的医疗产品，如果设计不规范，时间一长，使用者易出现很多口腔病：牙龈炎、继发龋齿、牙齿松动、牙龈溃烂，甚至出现关节问题。

Former Beijing stomatological hospital repair family doctor ShaoDongSheng said,Denture is precision medical products,If the design is not standard,Time a long,Users easy to appear a lot of oral disease:gingivitis/Secondary caries/Loose teeth/Gums sore,Appear even joint problems.

　

　金属残料回收再利用 Metal scrap recycling

　　精佳艺的厂房西侧一间低矮平房，六七平方米大小，屋内摆放着喷砂机、喷火枪等设备，桌上放着数十个钢头。

With a good art workshop west a ranch house,The size of six or seven square meters,The house is putting sandblasting machine/Spray gun and other equipment,The table dozens of steel head.

　　“这些钢头都是以前铸造钢托剩下的边角料。”于飞说，纯钢经高温煅烧，将熔化的钢水倒进模型，完成烧圈，金属圈尾部的钢头没有用，锯下来后重新熔化，再铸成圈，可以重新做牙托和金属内冠。

"These steel head are before casting steel bracket the rest of the leftover material."Form said,Pure steel by high temperature calcination,The molten steel pour into the model,Finish burning coil,Metal ring tail steel head no,Saw down again after melting,A ring again,To be done and held in metal crown.

　　于飞说，一公斤纯钢价格约200元，铸钢托不过30个，但钢头回收再利用，这一公斤钢就能铸100个钢托。他透露，厂里钛合金、钢牙等金属残料都能再回收利用。

Form said,One kilogram of pure steel price about 200 yuan,Cast steel bracket but 30,But steel head recycling,This one kilogram of steel can cast 100 steel bracket.He revealed,Factory titanium alloy/Steel teeth metal scrap could be recycled.

　　“再利用的钢头本来就氧化过，加上烧制工艺不过关，肯定有杂质。”于飞说，因纯度下降，金属牙会出现小孔，俗称“沙眼”，“沙眼会让钢托不好看，沙眼不多就不用修补，医生在患者那儿也能蒙混过关。”

"Reuse of steel head was oxidation over,Plus fire craft not pass,Must have impurities."Form said,For purity decline,Metal teeth will appear holes,Commonly known as"trachoma","Trachoma will make steel bracket not good-looking,Trachoma much need not repair,The doctor in patients there also can muddle through."

　　车金部一名技工说，废旧钢头掺入纯钢中，生产的牙托和牙圈容易生锈，假牙寿命一般是三至五年，这样不过用两年左右。

Car gold department a mechanic said,Waste steel head incorporation of clean steel,Production that the teeth in the upper plate and tooth ring is easy to rust,Denture life is generally three to five years,Such but with two years or so.

　　海淀区某大型义齿加工企业负责人表示，正规义齿加工厂绝不会回收利用金属残料，金属再利用一次，就会出现杂质和氧化层，再熔化后，提炼达不到要求的精细度，“因为假牙质量不合格，大医院的医生会要求返工。”

Haidian district a large denture processing enterprise person in charge said,Normal denture plant will never recycled metal scrap,Metal recycle a,Will appear impurity and oxide layer,After remelting,Refining can not reach the requirements of the degree of finish,"Because dentures quality is not qualified,Big hospital doctor will require rework."

　　

老板自曝：“说白了就是黑工厂” The boss's:"Spoken parts in an opera is particieboard black factory"

　　按照国家相关规定，从事定制式义齿生产的企业，须取得《医疗器械生产企业许可证》和《医疗器械注册证》。

In accordance with the relevant state provisions,Engaged in constant system denture production enterprises,Must be obtained[Medical device manufacturing enterprise license]and[Medical instrument registration certificate].

　　数天暗访中，记者在厂区没见到这两个证。经理办公室墙上，只挂着《营业资格证》。

Several days in the investigations,Reporter in the factory didn't see the two card.The manager's office on the wall,Hanging only[Business certificate].

　　“我们有《医疗器械生产企业许可证》。”11月15日，该厂股东之一黄禹超说起工厂的资质问题，“我们之前有《医疗器械注册证》，是2006年的，这个证每隔4年就得重办，现在过期了，办不下来了。”

"We have[Medical device manufacturing enterprise license]."November 15,,One of the shareholders of the qualifications of HuangYuChao factory problem,"We have[Medical instrument registration certificate],Is 2006 years,The card every four years have to severely punish,Now has expired,Do not down."

　　“说白了就是个黑工厂，只要检查肯定过不了关。”黄禹超说，他本是临床牙医，在这行十多年了，先干临床，近两年才注资入主这家厂。

"Karma is a black factory,As long as the inspection sure can't pass the."HuangYuChao said,He is the clinical dentists,In this line of ten years,First dry clinical,Nearly two years to capturing the factory capital injection.

　　黄禹超说，在北京，像他这样的厂有几百家，光他所在的这个村子就有好几家，“据我所知，这数百家做牙的厂，只有五六十家证照齐全，其他的大多数条件还不如我。”

HuangYuChao said,In Beijing,Like him there are hundreds of factory,In his light of the village have several,"As far as I know,The hundreds of do the tooth factory,Only 60 home the complete set of licenses,The other most conditions than me."

　　此后几天，该厂另两个股东李健东、李健伟均承认，厂里的确没有《医疗器械注册证》。

Then a few days,The two other shareholders LiJianDong/LiJianWei all admit that,Factory really have no[Medical instrument registration certificate].