40岁以上人群中，每100人就有8人中招，长期吸烟是第一诱因 Above 40 years old the crowd,Every 100 people have 8 people come back,Long-term smoking is the first cause

　　

省新华医院院长告诉你 慢阻肺为什么是“沉默杀手” Province xinhua hospital director tell you copd why"Silent killer"

　　

本报提供5个问题你自测 This provides five questions you self test

　　昨天，有着30多年烟龄的老烟民张先生去浙江省新华医院看病，他咳嗽好久了，咳得厉害时连走楼梯都气短，他有点怕：“不会是得癌症了吧？”

yesterday,Has more than 30 years old pack-years smoked smokers Mr Zhang to zhejiang xinhua hospital,He coughed for a long time,Cough badly even when the stairs are shortness of breath,He's a little afraid of:"Won't be cancer now?"

　　“不是肺癌。”接诊的省新华医院院长、省级名中医蔡宛如拿着检查单，说出的第一句话让他放心，第二句话，却让他不解，“是慢阻肺。”

"Lung cancer is not."Accepts province xinhua hospital dean/Provincial doctor of Chinese medicine tsai just like take the checklist,Say the first words let him be at ease,The second sentence,But let him don't understand,"Is copd."

　　这个应该不厉害吧，和老慢支差不多吧？55岁的老张私下里忖度，不以为然。

This should not bad it,And old chronic bronchitis about it?55 years old Lao zhang privately speculate,Think it.

　　“但得这个病同样麻烦。”蔡宛如的第三句话，让老张的心又提了起来。

"But the disease the same trouble."Tsai just like the third sentence,Let Lao zhang heart lifted up.

　　蔡宛如说，很多人和老张一样，觉得自己常年咳嗽，是老慢支，没啥了不起；其实，慢阻肺，与肺癌相比，离我们更近，它一样会损害肺功能，是致命的呼吸道疾病。

CAI said as,Many people and as old piece,Feel perennial cough,Is old chronic bronchitis,Nothing great;In fact,copd,Compared with lung cancer,Away from us closer,It can damage the lung function,Is the deadly respiratory diseases.

　　鲁迅患有多年肺结核和支气管炎，加上他烟瘾大，平均每天三四包，长期夜间伏案写作，缺乏运动，肺病一直迁延不愈。当代医学专家根据“上海鲁迅纪念馆”馆藏的鲁迅肺部X光片，揭示出鲁迅先生的直接死因是慢阻肺。

Lu xun with years of tuberculosis and bronchitis,And he is a heavy smoker,On an average day three or four bag,Long-term night writing desk,Lack of exercise,Pulmonary disease has been prolonged not more.According to modern medical experts"Shanghai luxun memorial"Collection of lu xun's lung X-ray,Mr. Lu xun reveals the direct cause of death is copd.

　　前不久，有网站在线进行了一项慢阻肺调查，结果显示，7成参与调查者均有慢阻肺高危因素，其中6成(63.33%)是烟民，70%没有定期做肺功能检查。

Not long ago,Have a website online conducted a survey of copd,Results show that,7 into participants all have copd risk factors,Six into(63.33%)Is smokers,70% no regular lung function testing.

　　钱报名医公开课，上周请到蔡宛如和她的呼吸疾病专家团队，共同解读慢阻肺。

Money quote famous doctors open class,Last week, please go to the tsai just like and her respiratory disease expert team,Common interpretation of copd.

　　秋冬交替，寒冷与干燥联手袭击，咳嗽、气喘自然而然缠上很多人。但是，在呼吸科专家看来，不少咳嗽、气喘背后，却有“黑手”在推动，那就是慢阻肺。

Qiu dong alternate,Cold and dry to attack,cough/Asthma naturally put on the many people.but,In the respiratory medicine experts believe,Many cough/Asthma behind,has"black"In promoting,That is copd.

　　慢阻肺，也叫COPD，是慢性阻塞性肺疾病的缩写。它是一种常见的呼吸系统疾病，患病者因为肺部炎症损伤，而出现呼吸气流受限。

copd,Also called COPD,Is the abbreviation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.It is a common respiratory disease,Invalid because lung inflammation damage,And appear breathing airflow restricted.

　　从某种角度说，我们的气管和肺，就像一棵大树的枝干；气管分为左右两枝支气管，每枝支气管通到一侧肺中，左肺两叶，右肺三叶；支气管下又继续分为次级支气管、细支气管，要分支22次以上，最后终止于肺泡，健康的肺呈现的就是枝繁叶茂的模样。

At some point,Our trachea and lungs,Is like a big tree branches;Tracheal is divided into two branches around bronchus,Every branch bronchial pass to one side in the lungs,Left pulmonary lobes,Characterized trefoil;Under the bronchus and continue to divided into secondary bronchus/bronchi,To branch 22 times more,Finally ends in alveolar,Healthy lung presents is the appearance of zhifanyemao.

　　肺泡是氧气和二氧化碳交换的重要场所。空气，就通过这些肺泡与血液进行交换，将氧气送到全身。

Alveolar oxygen and carbon dioxide is an important place for exchange.air,Through these alveolar and blood in exchange,The oxygen to the body.

　　健康人在吸气时，空气很自然的进入气管，通过支气管，进入肺内的肺泡。肺泡周围的血管把空气中的氧气带走，传送到全身各组织；体内的二氧化碳等废气，通过血管回到肺泡中，经支气管，通过气管，流出鼻腔。

In healthy people inhale,The air is very natural to the windpipe,Through the bronchial,Enter the intrapulmonary alveolar.Alveolar blood vessels around the oxygen in the air away,Transfer to the whole body organizations;The body of carbon dioxide gas, etc,Through the blood vessels in the alveolar back,The bronchial,Through the trachea,Outflow nasal.

　　

如果我们的肺生病了会怎么样？ If our lung ill?

　　当我们患支气管炎时，支气管出现红肿发炎，产生大量的分泌物，就像是管道沉积满了垃圾；这些“垃圾”过多，或是支气管痉挛，便会导致整个气道变狭窄，甚至是紧闭，人体此时就会感觉呼吸不畅通，胸闷，走路、爬楼梯等运动时会感到气急，觉得氧气不够用。

When we had when bronchitis,Bronchial appear red inflammation,Produce a large amount of secretion,Like pipeline deposit filled with garbage;these"garbage"Too much,Or bronchospasm,Will cause the entire airway neck,Even closed,The body will feel breath not clear,Bosom is frowsty,walk/Climbing stairs movement would feel short of breath,Think enough oxygen.

　　当我们患肺气肿时，肺泡和小的支气管遭到破坏，就像失去弹性的气球。这样一来，我们呼气时，体内的陈旧气体留置在肺泡内，就无法呼入新鲜的氧气和及时排出多余的二氧化碳；大量废气堆积在肺里无法换成新鲜空气，就会让我们的身体组织器官缺氧。

When we had when emphysema,Alveolar and small bronchial destroyed,Like losing a elastic balloon.so,We exhale,The body of the old gas lien in alveoli,Can't shout into the fresh oxygen and timely discharge excess carbon dioxide;A large number of exhaust gas accumulation in the lungs can't with fresh air,Will we let the body tissues and organs of oxygen.

　　那么慢阻肺与人们熟悉的慢性支气管炎、肺气肿有何关系呢？医学上认为，当慢性支气管炎、肺气肿患者通过肺功能检查，发现气流受限，而且不能完全可逆时，则可诊断为是慢阻肺。

So copd and people familiar with the chronic bronchitis/What does it matter emphysema?Medical think,When chronic bronchitis/Patients with pulmonary emphysema by lung function testing,Found airflow limitation,And I can't completely reversible when,Can be diagnosed with is copd.

　　在我国40岁以上的人口中，每100人就有超过8人患上慢阻肺。

In our country population of over 40 years old,Every 100 people have more than eight people with copd.

　　这一疾病，已经成为当前全球第4位死亡原因；每年可能影响多达6亿人；据世界银行、世界卫生组织估计，1990年COPD在疾病造成的负担中位居第12位，预计到2020年将达到疾病负担第5位，并成为第3大死亡原因。

The disease,The world's fourth has become the cause of death;May affect as many as 600 million people a year;According to the world bank/The world health organization estimates,1990 COPD in disease burden in the 12th,It is estimated that by 2020 will reach fifth disease burden,And become the third largest cause of death.

　　你是慢阻肺的高危人群吗？也许，你可以回答这5个问题：

You are copd high-risk groups?maybe,You can answer the five questions:

　　1、你经常咳嗽吗？

1/Do you often cough?

　　2、你经常咳出粘痰吗？

2/Do you often cough up phlegm stick?

　　3、你在进行爬楼梯、遛狗、逛街购物等日常活动时，是否比同年龄人更容易出现呼吸困难？

3/You are climbing stairs/Walk the dog/Shopping shopping daily activities,Whether the same age than are more likely to have difficulty breathing?

　　4、你超过40岁了吗？

4/You more than 40 years old?

　　5、你现在吸烟或曾经吸烟吗？

5/Now you smoke or has the applicant ever smoked tobacco?

　　如果有3个或3个以上的问题回答“是”，那就应该向医生咨询，不妨进行一次呼吸道功能检查，一般也就通过呼一口气，仪器就可以初步判定你的肺功能是否正常了。

If there are three or more than three question answering"is",That is to consult a physician,Might as well a respiratory function testing,General also through the breath,The instrument can preliminary decision your lung function is normal.

　　如果你尽早检查了肺功能，疾病还在早期，肺功能还好的话，那么还有得救。但如果肺功能已严重损害，而这种损害往往是渐进式的，人体感觉并不明显，那么这种疾病可能是伤害到肺泡，失去弹性的肺泡就无法恢复，所以治疗起来十分复杂。呼吸科医生通常把慢阻肺叫做“沉默杀手”。

If you check the lung function as soon as possible,Disease is still in the early days,Lung function is good,So there are saved.But if the lung function has serious damage,And this damage is often a gradual,The human body feeling is not obvious,So the disease may be hurt alveolar,Muscle-bound alveolar can't recover,So it is very complex treatment.Respiratory medicine doctors usually put the copd is called"Silent killer".

　　这种时候，医生告诉患者的第一件事是戒烟，患上这种病的人多半是长期吸烟的。

This time,The doctor told the patient the first thing is to stop smoking,Suffering from the disease person most is long-term smoking.

　　然后根据病情，专家会进行中西医结合治疗和康复治疗，或是帮助病人选择吸氧缓解症状，甚至手术治疗。

Then according to the illness,Experts will carry on the combination of TCM and western medicine therapy and rehabilitation therapy,Or help patients choose oxygen relieve symptoms,Even the surgical treatment.

　　诊断明确的患者，如果戒烟不彻底，治疗不到位，每年急诊发作几次，到后来连穿衣服都没力气，甚至因为身体长期缺氧，伴发心脏疾病。

Clear diagnosis of patients,If not give up smoking completely,Treatment does not reach the designated position,Emergency attack every year several times,To later even wear clothes are not strength,Even as the body of oxygen for a long time,Accompanying heart disease.

　　鉴于COPD在全球造成的巨大危害，“慢阻肺全球防治倡议”(GOLD)发起“世界COPD日”活动，将每年11月的第三个星期三确定为“世界COPD日”，并由医务人员及患者共同参与。

In view of COPD in the global cause great harm,"Copd global prevention initiative"(gold)launched"The world COPD,"activities,Will every November third Wednesday for sure"The world COPD,",And the medical personnel and patients participation.

　　预防慢阻肺，专家认为重要的是戒烟，远离一切有害气体。

Prevention copd,Experts believe that the important thing is to stop smoking,From all harmful gas.

　　吸烟是慢阻肺第一诱因，研究显示，约40%~90%的慢性阻塞性肺病是由吸烟直接引起的。戒烟是烟民朋友预防慢阻肺的最佳方法与最有效的途径；需要注意的是，被动吸烟也可能导致呼吸道症状以及慢阻肺的发生。

Smoking is copd first incentive,Research shows that,About 40% ~ 90% of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is caused directly by smoking.Giving up smoking is friend copd smokers to prevent the best method and most effective way;Need to pay attention to is,Passive smoking can also cause respiratory symptoms and the occurrence of copd.

　　空气污染，也会伤害到我们的肺。化学气体如氯、二氧化硫等，对支气管黏膜有刺激和细胞毒性作用；空气中的烟尘或二氧化硫明显增加时，慢阻肺急性发作显著增多；其他粉尘如二氧化硅、煤尘等也会刺激支气管黏膜，使气道清除功能遭受损害，为细菌入侵创造条件。

Air pollution,Also harm to our lungs.Chemical gases such as chlorine/Sulfur dioxide, etc,To bronchial mucosa has stimulation and cytotoxic effect;Smoke and dust in the air or sulfur dioxide obviously increases,Copd acute attack increased significantly;Other such as silica dust/Dust and so on also can stimulate bronchial mucosa,Make the airway clear function damage,For bacteria invasion to create conditions.

　　疾病早期无明显不适，患者只能通过体检时的肺功能检查，早期发现慢阻肺。

Early disease has no obvious discomfort,Only through physical examination in patients with lung function testing at,The early detection of copd.

　　由于一旦发病，任何一次感冒，呼吸道感染都会给慢阻肺雪上加霜，因此患有此病的病人，或是家人要注意预防感冒，避免诱发慢阻肺急性发作。只要有气急明显的症状，不要拖延，要马上去医院就治，否则一次严重感染就会让肺功能损失一部分，这种损失往往是无法再挽回的。(记者 林丹 通讯员 阮芝芳)

Because once the,Any a cold,Respiratory infections will give copd add insult to injury,Therefore suffer from the disease patients,Or family members should pay attention to prevent colds,Avoid induced copd acute attack.As long as there is blue in obvious symptoms,Don't delay,Want to go to the hospital cure,Otherwise a serious infection can let a lung function part loss,This loss is often unable to retrieve.(Reporter correspondent RuanZhiFang Lin)